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No Miracles: What does it mean that science seeks the truth?

100%
Frápolli M. J.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2014
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vol. 50
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issue 4(202)
263-280
EN
The purpose of the following pages is to show that the rejection of Metaphysical Correspondentism doesn’t force us to reject Default Correspondentism and that the rejection of Metaphysical Realism doesn’t force us to reject Default Realism. As a consequence, we aim to disentangle the analysis of the (standard, robust, ordinary but also scientific) notion of truth from the debate between realism and anti-realism. The independence of the analysis of notions such as knowledge and assertion from the metaphysical debate follows too.
PL
Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że odrzucenie metafizycznego korespondentyzmu nie pociąga za sobą odrzucenia domyślnego korespondentyzmu i że odrzucenie realizmu metafizycznego nie pociąga za sobą odrzucenia domyślnego realizmu. W związku z tym, staramy się oddzielić analizę (standardowego, odpornego, potocznego, ale także naukowego) pojęcia prawdy od debaty między realizmem a anty-realizmem. Wynika z tego niezależność analizy pojęć, takich jak wiedza i asercja, od debat metafizycznych.
2
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Ojcowie Kościoła a teologia moralna jako nauka teologiczna

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Wyrostkiewicz M.
Vox Patrum
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2014
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vol. 62
583-592
EN
Testimonies of life and faith of the Fathers of the Church, and their teaching (letter, scriptures) impact on moral theology as a theological science. First, as “loci theologici” of contemporary theology. Omitting them would result in danger to go beyond a theology in the spirit of one, catholic and apostolic Church. Then, because the actions and writings of the Fathers of the Church are examples of ex­ploration and argumentation for today’s theologians, also moralists. Information on the life and teachings (scriptures) are conclusive, actual and current presenta­tion morality and the confirmation of new moral-theological views and theses. For this, however, it is necessary to use the material developed by the researchers of the Fathers of the Church (specialists in patrology). They, due to its historical and philological methods and competencies, adapt antique texts and information to the needs of contemporary theologians, also moralists.
3
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Is Truth Perspectival in Science? Viability of Pragmatic Account of Scientific Truth for Mixed-Methods Research

80%
Kawalec P.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2014
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vol. 50
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issue 4(202)
281-290
EN
This paper attempts to assess the viability of M. Frápolli’s pragmatic account of scientific truth in the context of moderately pluralistic view of research process. Mixed-methods approach, which embodies the moderately pluralistic view in the social sciences, combines various methods, i.e. quantitative and qualitative, within a single research process in order to cross-validate and integrate the results into a coherent answer to the initial problem. Prima facie the pragmatic account of scientific truth squares well with the pragmatic justification of the mixed-methods approach, addressing the objections on content incommensurability or meaning ambiguities. However, as I argue, the pragmatic account of truth may not be able to significantly contribute to resolve the problem of ‘institutionalized assertion of falsehood’, unless it will accommodate some form of moderately pluralistic view of the research process allowing for cross-validation of tentative assertion of the purported scientific truth.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę oceny zasadności M. Frápolli pragmatycznej koncepcji prawdy naukowej w kontekście umiarkowanie pluralistycznego ujęcia procesu badawczego. Podejście mieszane, które realizuje to umiarkowanie pluralistyczne stanowisko w naukach społecznych, łączy różne metody, czyli ilościowe i jakościowe, w ramach jednego procesu badawczego w celu walidacji krzyżowej i zintegrowania wyników w spójną odpowiedź na problem badawczy. Prima facie koncepcja pragmatyczna prawd naukowych jest zasadniczo zgodna z pragmatycznym uzasadnieniem podejścia mieszanego. Jednak pragmatyczna koncepcja prawdy nie rozwiązuje problemu „zinstytucjonalizowanej asercji fałszu”, o ile nie przyjmie jakiejś formy umiarkowanie pluralistycznej wizji procesu badawczego, która umożliwia walidację krzyżową asercji rzekomej prawdy naukowej.
4
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Norms of the Ethos of Science and the Ecological Realities of Research Work

80%
Goćkowski J.
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
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2005
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vol. 33
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issue 1
5-23
EN
Scientists’ professional work is a style of using the freedom of receiving and transmitting the word because of striving after the truth typical of the ‘scientific perspective of the world’. The use of such freedom is revealed by the researcher’s definition of himself: he is the one who has the duty of joining criticism with conceptualism; objectivity with rationalism; ‘disobedience in thinking’ with being careful about ‘sovereignty of the thought’; taking care of the functioning of a lot of ‘research programs’ that compete with each other with care of polyphony in scientific discussions. The characteristic of the style of research work is combined with the characteristic of the scientist as an actor playing social roles in the professional circle. The scientist uses the freedom that he needs as a professional-specialist doing his work within the frames of a special kind of institution. Taking into consideration the existence of ‘the Great Science’ and ‘a mass man in science’, we are dealing here with conformation of the scientist as one who wants to use this kind of freedom. We are talking here about the difficulty of exacting respect for the norms of the ethos of science from scientists. This is connected with constant conflicts in the circle of scientists that originate from different ways of understanding and treating those norms. Ecological realities of the scientific work only to some extent favor practicing the profession of the scientist in the proper way. In many respects those realities seriously hinder the proper use of the freedom to receive and transmit the word because of the truth of the scientific type. The realities of the order of scientific search and consideration; the realities of the scientists’ circle; the realities of the world surrounding the scientists’ circle along with its institutions are all significant here. Hence it is important, in our present time, to be faithful to the fundamental dictates to think and to act, which concerns those who make the search for the scientific truth their profession and their vocation.
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