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Verbal prefixation and realizations of antipassive alternations in Polish

100%

Mroczyńska K.

Linguistics Beyond and Within

2017

vol. 3

169-186

Various works on transitivity suggest that aspectual notions may constitute semantic determinants of argument realization. Observations included in these works prompted theories implying that argument realization may be aspectually driven. Following this line of thought, this article presents the results of corpus-based studies on antipassive structure in the Polish language and makes an attempt at confirming the fact that aspectual notion may determine argument realization. The article consists of three main sections. The first one focuses on notions of aspect and various aspectual propositions distinguished in the literature on the subject, regarding the Polish language in particular. The second section, illustrated with examples extracted from the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP) and the corpus of Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego (KWSJP), gives an overview of Polish perfectivizing verbal prefixes, i.e. a roz‑, na-, o-/ob- and u-prefix, and deals with the effect they may have on sentence structure and semantics. It also shows how the prefixed verbs combine with the marker się, which flags antipassive, i.e. is a recurring marker attested in antipassive constructions in the Polish language. In section three, an attempt is made at analyzing the interrelations between aspect and antipassive reading of a structure. As it seems that a perfective prefix used with a verb imposes certain requirements on the argument structure of the verb it combines with, we also offer a possible explanation to different aspectual requirements of verbs occurring in antipassive structures, assuming that projections coded in a verb may play a role here.

Prefiksy genetycznie obce a początkowe człony złożeń w historii polszczyzny

72%

Zarębski R.

Język Polski

2014

vol. 94

issue 1

51-62

Artykuł jest kolejnym głosem w sprawie statusu genetycznie obcych cząstek inicjalnych, które mogą być interpretowane jako prefiksy lub początkowe człony złożeń. Omówiono w nim najważniejsze cechy przedrostków i członów złożeń. Ustosunkowano się również do ustaleń badaczy na temat statusu formalnego obcych cząstek inicjalnych. Stwierdzono, że w rozstrzyganiu na temat tego statusu pomocna jest perspektywa historycznojęzykowa. Początkowe cząstki obce mogły niezależnie od znaczenia różnorako funkcjonować w dziejach polszczyzny: i jako morfemy związane, i jako swobodne. Zaproponowano, żeby za prefiksy obce uznać takie morfemy, których choćby jedno ze znaczeń można oddać rodzimym przedrostkiem bądź przyimkiem. Do początkowych członów złożeń należałyby zaś te cząstki, których znaczenie (znaczenia) da się oddać jedynie za pomocą rodzimych wyrazów autosemantycznych. Rozwiązanie takie mogłoby mieć praktyczne zastosowanie w leksykografii.

The article deals with a widely discussed issue of the status of genetically foreign initial elements which can be interpreted either as prefixes or initial elements of noun compounds. The main features of prefixes and noun compounds have been analyzed here. Researchers’ studies concerning the formal status of foreign initial elements have also been taken into consideration. It has been stated that a diachronic perspective should be adopted in deciding about this status. Irrespective of their meaning, initial non-native elements could function in the history of the Polish language in different ways, both as free and as bound morphemes. It has been suggested that non-native prefixes should be treated as these morphemes whose meaning, at least one of them, could be expressed as a native prefix or a preposition. Following this suggestion, initial elements of noun compounds would include these elements whose meaning (or meanings) may be expressed solely with the help of native autosemantic words. Such a solution could have a practical use in lexicography.

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1 Język Polski

1 Linguistics Beyond and Within

1 Mroczyńska K.

1 Zarębski R.

1 2017

1 2014

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Verbal prefixation and realizations of antipassive alternations in Polish

Prefiksy genetycznie obce a początkowe człony złożeń w historii polszczyzny