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Bioethics and Informed Consent in Prenatal Diagnostics

100%

Serapinas D., Narbekovas A.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

2023

vol. 13

issue 1

97-113

Innovative methods of prenatal diagnosis allow us to see the development of the fetus and to detect early disorders of fetal development, which may lead to an early diagnosis and possible treatment, or to a woman’s decision to terminate the pregnancy. Therefore, it is very important to accurately inform a woman about the risks and consequences of this life-related issue, even before deciding to perform prenatal tests; and after the results, when a misinterpreted diagnosis may lead a woman to terminate her pregnancy. The obligation of doctors to inform patients is inseparable from the requirement to receive informed consent. The two parts are mandatory for any medical procedure and intervention. The main requirements for the informed consent include rationality, sufficient and clear information, free will, and the form of consent conforming to the legal acts. However, informed consent is not an absolute requirement, as the patient has a right to remain uninformed. Additionally, under certain circumstances, it might be impossible to inform patients, or to receive consent from patients or their duly authorized representatives. Prenatal testing is an integral part of ante-natal care that aims to verify the proper development of the fetus, or to identify potential hereditary or chromosomal diseases at the earliest possible stage. Prenatal testing can be classified as non-invasive or invasive measures, according to the types of procedures In addition to this, according to the aim of the procedure, into diagnostic prenatal testing with the aim of prenatal therapy, and purely diagnostic prenatal testing. Purely diagnostic prenatal testing is closely connected with the problem of selective abortion. Part of this article covers the main problems of informed consent in prenatal diagnostics, by outlining two stages of the process: conveyance before prenatal testing, and interpretation of the results alongside presentation of the possible choices. The legal implications we consider are based on information from other European countries: we name the main questions analyzed by courts, including cases of “wrongful birth” and “wrongful life”; inappropriate information regarding possibilities of abortion; the right of a woman to use all available diagnostic methods; and the allocation of damages to the claimants.

Zdarzenia sprawcze związane z opieką prenatalną i okołoporodową w świetle odpowiedzialności cywilnoprawnej za szkody doznane przed urodzeniem

63%

Sobas M.

Roczniki Administracji i Prawa

2021

vol. 2

issue XXI

197-217

The issue of civil liability of injuries suffered before birth it is a multi-threaded and interdisciplinary issue. This subject covers a relatively wide range of causal events that may result in damage to the legally protected property of the victim. This study considers the potential for harm in connection with prenatal care, as well as in relation to perinatal care. The study attempts to define the ways of understanding prenatal diagnosis and to indicate the legal basis for its performance. Possible exemplary causal events related to it were also identified. Delicts related to perinatal care were distinguished as a separate category. The considerations were compared with civil liability for damage.

Problematyka odpowiedzialności cywilnoprawnej za szkody doznane przed urodzeniem jest zagadnieniem wielowątkowym i interdyscyplinarnym. Tematyka ta obejmuje stosunkowo szeroki zakres zdarzeń sprawczych mogących skutkować uszczerbkiem w dobrach prawnie chronionych poszkodowanego. W niniejszym opracowaniu została rozważona możliwość wyrządzenia szkody w związku z opieką przedurodzeniową w postaci opieki prenatalnej, a także w związku z opieką okołoporodową. W opracowaniu podjęto próbę określenia sposobu rozumienia diagnostyki prenatalnej oraz wskazania prawnych podstaw jej wykonywania. Zidentyfikowano również możliwe, przykładowe zdarzenia sprawcze z nią związane. Jako odrębną kategorię wyróżniono delikty wiążące się z opieką okołoporodową. Poczynione rozważania zestawiono z odpowiedzialnością cywilnoprawną za szkodę.

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1 Roczniki Administracji i Prawa

1 The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

1 Narbekovas A.

1 Serapinas D.

1 Sobas M.

1 2023

1 2021

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Bioethics and Informed Consent in Prenatal Diagnostics

Zdarzenia sprawcze związane z opieką prenatalną i okołoporodową w świetle odpowiedzialności cywilnoprawnej za szkody doznane przed urodzeniem