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Concept of health surveillance programme for workers exposed to respirable crystalline silica at present and in the past

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Nowak-Pasternak J., Świątkowska B., Lipińska-Ojrzanowska A.
Medycyna Pracy
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2023
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vol. 74
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issue 4
341-346
EN
In the paper authors present general assumptions of health surveillance programme concept for workers employed in respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure at present and in the past. There is no effective treatment for silicosis thus disease prevention is of paramount significance. For decades efforts of World Health Organization (WHO) and International Work Organization (ILO) have been focused on eliminating silicosis globally. Unfortunately silicosis is still one of the most lethal occupational diseases and the preventative programmes have not yet been successful. The authors identify main steps to complete an overview of RCS exposure and suggest lines of actions to be taken before launching the health surveillance programme. Introduction of the health surveillance programme would increase awareness of harmful health effects of the RCS exposure, emphasize the significance of preventive medical check-ups and early diagnostics of occupational diseases as well as the importance of using appropriate protective equipment. The programme development on a national level might be carried out with the cooperation of multiple backgrounds and institutions. This would allow for detailed planning, implementation, monitoring and effective evaluation of its results. Having a better and updated knowledge of silicosis epidemiology, early diagnostics, the possible sources of RCS occupational exposure and evaluation of undertaken preventive actions are crucial factors in disease prevention. The programme introduction would be of educational significance for all the stakeholders and the groups engaged in the project implementation, which would contribute to high effectiveness of the preventive activities and their improvement in the future.
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A spatial study on Keshan disease prevalence and selenoprotein P in the Heilongjiang Province, China

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Wang Y., Zhang X., Wang T., Hou J., Guo Z., Han X., Zhou H., Liang H., Xing Z.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2021
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vol. 34
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issue 5
659-666
EN
ObjectivesFew spatial studies on Keshan disease (KD) prevalence and serum selenoprotein P (SELENOP) levels have been reported in the Heilongjiang Province, China. This study aimed to investigate the spatial relationships between KD prevalence, SELENOP levels, and the socio-economic status for the precise prevention and control of KD.Material and MethodsThe study was carried out in all the 66 KD endemic counties in the Heilongjiang Province using a non-probability sampling method of a key village survey based on county-wide case-searching. The participants completed a questionnaire and had their serum SELENOP levels measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thematic maps were created, and spatial regression analysis was performed by ordinary least squares using ArcGIS 9.0.ResultsOverall, 53 676 residents were surveyed based on case-searching, and blood samples were collected from 409 residents. In total, 50 chronic KD cases were identified with a total prevalence of 9.3/10 000 population. The prevalence in the Tangyuan County was the highest (250/10 000 population). The mean serum SELENOP level was 13.96 mg/l. The spatial regression analysis showed that KD prevalence positively correlated with SELENOP levels and negatively with per capita disposable income among rural residents.ConclusionsThe Tangyuan County should be considered for the precise prevention and control of KD. Further research is necessary to verify the reliability of SELENOP for estimating body selenium levels, and to better understand the relationship between selenium intake and KD in the investigated area.
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