Search results

1

Instytucja odroczonego warunkowego zwolnienia skazanych w postępowaniu karnym wykonawczym (art. 164 § 2 k.k.w.)

100%

Myrna B.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

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2018

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vol. 48

69-82

EN

The author of the article examines suspended conditional release in criminal enforcement proceedings (Article 164(2) of the Criminal Enforcement Code). He discusses the institution in question, presenting its origins, analysing the provisions concerning both the substantive and formal legal rules and basis of such conditional release, as well as considering its usefulness in social reintegration of former prisoners.

2

Kontrowersje wokół długoterminowych kar pozbawienia wolności, czyli pomiędzy eliminacją a resocjalizacją więźnia

100%

Klemm P.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2019

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vol. 24

207-227

EN

One of the most controversial aspects regarding resocialization is a doubt whether imprisonment, which entails isolation, enables efficient educational activity. To be able to prognostically look at the process of work with prisoners, one should, first of all, give a closer look to the very definition of resocialization. The simplest way is to comprehend it as a discipline regarding disfunctions, defects and inability to adapt to the society. It leads toward a conviction that using the provisions of law in force we are able to influence or even change an individual’s standpoint. Many researchers focusing on the definition notices that the number of views is equal to the number of papers. A critique touches mainly pedagogues whose works are the most numerous. They are criticized for that without the familiarity of basic legal provisions it is impossible to solve all dilemmas concerning so broad topic which is the change of man’s personality.

3

Pomoc aktywizująca w procesie readaptacji społecznej osób opuszczających zakłady karne. Implementacja zasady pomocniczości w działania podmiotów pomocy społecznej

88%

Rajewska de Mezer J.

Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne

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2021

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vol. 7

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issue 1

37-53

EN

People leaving prisons face a number of barriers in the process of their social readaptation, making it difficult to exist in an open environment and fulfill specific social roles. A stay in a prison results in the prisonization of the prisoner and disturbs the sense of agency by limiting the possibility of making decisions and responsibility for them in various spheres of their life. Learned helplessness develops. Convicts are often stigmatized by society. This situation makes it difficult, sometimes impossible to return to functioning in an open environment, and to adapt again to independent living in society. Such persons require constructive and activating support in the process of their social reintegration, based on the use of their own potential, resources and possibilities. The applicable law (including the Act on Social Assistance) regulates the issue of providing support to people leaving prison in the form of cash benefits and non-material assistance, basing its operation on the principle of subsidiarity. However, a problem that is still relevant and discussed by academics and practitioners in the field of social work and social rehabilitation is the effectiveness of aid and activation measures and their impact on the course of the aid process and the related social reintegration of the former prisoner.

4

Refleksje nad prawem do prywatności więźniów w kontekście powierzchni mieszkalnej

88%

Zięba-Załucka H.

Przegląd Prawa Publicznego

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2012

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issue 6

7-19

EN

The right to privacy is one of the fundamental rights of the modern constitution. Right to privacy includes the sphere associated with deprivation of liberty. The author says that there is no need to separate personal interest in the form of a right to a dignified imprisonment, because it contains the personal well-being, which is human dignity. The author on the background of the constitutional catalog of personal property shall render the Constitutional Court of 26 May 2008, which recognized the constitutional complaint of Jack G. concerning the lack of time limits placed prisoners in conditions where the cell area per person is less than 3 square meters. The Constitutional Court ruled that in exceptional situations (eg, building disaster in prison) is possible to embed prisoners for less than the standard 3m in short periods. The rules place the offender temporarily in a smaller cell but clearly defined. The author also emphasizes that the result of judgment of the Tribunal in May 2008. was the resolution of seven judges of the Supreme Court of 18 October 2011 at the request of the President of the Supreme Court in the application dated 30 March 2011 (BSA V-4110-2/11), which asked „Does placing a prisoner in a cell with an area for one person less than 3 square meters it is a violation of personal rights, whether the premise of compensation referred to in art. 448 of the Civil Code in this case is only unlawful or the guilt?” Now the Supreme Court arising from the article 77 paragraph 1 of the Constitution and article 417 of the Civil Code found that the make good damage caused by unlawful action of public authority also includes non-pecuniary damage (harm) in terms of article 448 of the Civil Code, and the fault is not a condition of the State Treasury pursuant to article 448 of the Civil Code. In the text we find the comments indicating a need for sanctions and measures of freedom and the idea that any circumstances, even the emergency can’t be an obstacle to respect the human dignity.

75%

Stremetska V.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

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issue 10(54)

242-251

EN

The article analyzes the activities of famous women who are considered to be ancestors of the prison and postpenitentiary charity. With biographical, historical and comparative, problem-chronological and other methods the activities of S. Martin, E. Fray, M. Booth are described. It was found out that these women were trying to facilitate and improve the conditions of prisoners, many of whom were women and children. They attempted to give prisoners the elements of education, worked on their morality, made efforts to organize work among prisoners. S. Martin taught the prisoners to read and write once a week and gave them religious instruction on Sundays. She found employment for the men, women and boys of the Yarmouth gaol. S. Martin raised a fund from which she helped prisoners on their release. E. Fry focused on helping women prisoners and their children. She also was among noble men, who began to take steps to restrain the severity of a death sentence and to reduce capital punishment to cases of murder. E. Fry visited prisons in many towns in England, Ireland, Scotland. In each town E. Fry tried to form a Committee of Ladies who would visit the prisons and help the women as she herself had done at Newgate. She also visited prisons of France, Belgium, Holland and Germany. She tried to help people who were martyred for having a different faith from the established religion of the country. M. Booth was a leader of the Salvation Army in America, but then she withdrew from its ranks to devote herself to prison activity. After her visiting Sing Sing prison, the Volunteer Prison League (VPL) was organized. Prisoners who were the members of the League followed the Day Book (a collection of scripture verses for each day of the year). They chose «Look Up and Hope» as their motto. Each member had a certificate of membership. Volunteers’ Gasette was the official organ of the movement. Prisoners called M. Booth «Little Mother» and she called them «my boys». Those women also realized the need of helping those who were out of prison. M. Booth set up special institutions called «House of Hope» for released prisoners. Maud wanted Hope Hall to be a recuperative setting to prepare the former prisoners for success in the outside world. The article can be used in teaching students the relevant disciplines, building theoretical and practical foundations of patronage.

11

Skazani-rodzice. Sytuacja prawna osadzonych sprawujących opiekę nad dziećmi

75%

Kwieciński A.

Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego

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2012

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vol. 28

187-202

EN

The article analyses the provisions of the Executive Criminal Code in terms of the legal status of persons who have children under the age of 18 and who have been sentenced to imprisonment. Under the Polish model of conduct with this category of prisoners, the Legislator has tried to develop a comprehensive and modern legal framework. These efforts have resulted in three different rules of conduct depending on the circumstances related to the prisoner and the needs of his or her children. Assuming that the regulations referred to in this article will become amended, the law institutions described here may be expected to properly achieve the aims set for them, in particular as regards the maintenance of family relations. Maintaining ties with family members has been deemed to be one of the fundamental rights of prisoners. Such contacts are also said to play an important role in the process of social re-adaptation of prisoners.

12

СВИДЕТЕЛЬСТВО ПРАВДЫ В КНИГЕ БОРИСА ШИРЯЕВА НЕУГАСИМАЯ ЛАМПАДА

75%

Kuca Z.

Conversatoria Litteraria

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2016

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vol. 10

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issue -

331-344

RU

In the 20th century, all the periodicals and literary journals were con-trolled by the USSR Union of Writers (Union of Soviet Writers) and thus literary works dealing with everyday life of Soviet forced-labour camp prisoners could only be published abroad. Once released from the camps, many Russian authors emigrated to the West where they could produce their literary works about life in the Gulag without fear of the totalitarian regime and its censors. One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich – Alexandr Solzenitsyn’s literary contribution to Gulag writings – proved to be a milestone in the history of Russian literature. At that time Gulag literature had already developed its own plot structure and unique voice. Novels set in the Gulag offer grim portrayals of the enslaved people, of ap-palling realities of life in the camps, and the methods used to dehumanise people in the Soviet reality. The antithesis of a prison – the governor appears in every work set in the Gulag.Boris Shiryaev – a writer and poet; author of the novel on the Solovki prison camp, in which he provided a graphic account of the brutal reality of the camp life. However, unlike many other authors tackling the subject of Gulags, people depicted by Shiryaev remained unbroken despite the monstrous reality of the camp. Through their perseverance and patience they set an example for other inmates.

13

Uncertainty, Complexity, Anxiety – Deportation and the Prison in the Case of Polish Prisoners in Northern Ireland

66%

Martynowicz A.

Archiwum Kryminologii

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2016

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issue XXXVIII

425-439

EN

In recent years, the prospect of deportation after sentence has become an almost inevitable part of foreign national prisoners’ experience in the UK. Since 2006, the year of the so-called ‘foreign national prisoner scandal’, the development of increasingly stringent laws and deportation policies has been relentless. This included the introduction of ‘automatic deportation’ for certain categories of offences and lenghts of sentences; the development of a raft of early removal schemes, allowing for removal of prisoners during a sentence; the imposition of limits to legal aid in deportation cases and, most recently, an introduction of the ‘deport first, appeal later’ rule which limits the number of cases in which deportation can be challenged before the actual removal of the person beyond UK’s borders takes place. The perception of those prisoners as a particular ‘problem’ to be ‘managed’ rather than as individuals who need additional assistance and support, results in an overfocus on deportation to the detriment of their treatment while in prison custody. Foreign national prisoners regularly report lack of access to services in prisons, lack of interpretation and translation, confusion about the criminal justice process, isolation and loneliness. Both during and at the end of their sentences, they often receive little to no support with their re-integration needs. Foreign national prisoners often report difficulties in access to independent immigration legal advice and are rarely provided with any assistance at the time of deportation. This article is based on the author’s doctoral research with male Polish prisoners serving their sentences in Northern Ireland. In the course of the study, seventeen prisoners were interviewed either individually or in small groups between late 2013 and early 2015. The interviews took place in Maghaberry (high security) and Magilligan (medium security) prisons. In addition to interviews with prisoners, a small number of core prison staff responsible for equality and diversity policies were also interviewed, together with representatives of prison monitoring and oversight bodies. The study also included observations of aspects of the prison regime, and in particular the quarterly Foreign National Forum in each of the prisons. Although the main research did not specifically focus on the experiences or processes of deportation, this theme – inevitably – run through a number of research encounters. When speaking about their plans for life after release, most Polish prisoners linked those to staying in Northern Ireland; they wanted to go back to work, continue or re-establish relationships with their families and friends; settle back into the routines outside of the prison. They were, however, very mindful that their plans might come to an abrupt end if they were to be deported at the end of their sentences. The deportation process is complex and the anxiety experienced by Polish prisoners was often heightened by the lack of understanding of immigration law and procedures. Concerns about the lack of interpretation and translation of immigrationrelated documents; gaps in legal advice and confusion about the actual physical process of deportation defined the prisoners’ experience. Stories and advice about preparation for deportation were often exchanged in small group interviews during the research, with prisoners reflecting on previous experiences of people they knew to have been deported. The fact that much information was exchanged in that way, and on other ‘social’ occassions in the prison where the prisoners could meet in a group, meant that it was often contradictory and partial. The overall anxiety was made worse by the fact that prisoners had to often wait for a long time for their deportation decisions, only made aware of what they were towards the very end of their sentences, leaving them with little time to make practical preparations for removal. Adding to apprehension about the deportation process was the possibility of spending additional time in immigration custody in detention centres after their sentence has finished. Those who did not contest deportation were particularly keen to be removed directly from the prison to Poland and the potential for extended detention was a clear source of frustration. Overall, the research showed that Polish prisoners were still provided with minimal support, including at the time when they struggled to understand and navigate the deportation system. They appeared to be left almost entirely at the mercy of the prison and immigration systems, where information from solicitors can be scarce and where their experience is dominated by waiting – waiting for contact with lawyers; waiting for the deportation decision; waiting to be deported. While they wait, their plans for release are put on hold and their re-integration into the community is jeopardised as they are unable to prepare for their life after release while not knowing where that life will be.

14

Poczucie bezpieczeństwa osób pozbawionych wolności w kontekście bezpieczeństwa społecznego i psychologicznego

63%

Lewicka-Zelent A.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia

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2019

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vol. 32

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issue 3

EN

Safety is the issue considered from various perspectives: legal, ethical, psychological, political, etc. However, any analyses are aimed at one purpose, i.e. defining its determinants in the context of resources being strengthened and risk factors (threats) being reduced/eliminated. Penal institution is a specific social environment, artificially established by humans, the purpose of which is to protect society from those who are dangerous and breach legal and moral standards in a given social group. Nevertheless, the cognitive objective of the article consisted in analysing the issues pertaining to the sense of safety of those deprived of liberty assuming that it constitutes the basis of psychological safety. Accordingly, a diagnostic survey was conducted on 150 persons deprived of liberty and placed in penal institutions on the territory of the Lublin Province. The Sense of Safety Questionnaire by Zenon Uchnast was employed and the empirical data gathered were subject to statistical analysis with the account taken of the following variables: place of residence, age of the surveyed, addiction to psychoactive substances.

PL

Bezpieczeństwo jest zagadnieniem ujmowanym z wielu perspektyw: prawnej, etycznej, psychologicznej, politycznej itd. Wszelkie analizy zmierzają jednak do jednego celu, tj. wyznaczenia jego uwarunkowań w kontekście wzmacniania zasobów i redukowania/likwidowania czynników ryzyka (zagrożeń). Specyficznym środowiskiem społecznym, sztucznie utworzonym przez człowieka, jest zakład karny, który z założenia ma służyć ochronie społeczeństwa przed osobami, które są niebezpieczne oraz naruszają normy prawne i moralne w danej grupie społecznej. Poznawczym celem artykułu było dokonanie analizy zagadnień związanych z poczuciem bezpieczeństwa osób osadzonych, przyjmując, że stanowi ono składową bezpieczeństwa psychologicznego. Dlatego badaniu sondażowemu poddano 150 osób pozbawionych wolności, przebywających w zakładach karnych w okręgu lubelskim. Wykorzystano Kwestionariusz Poczucia Bezpieczeństwa Zenona Uchnasta, a zgromadzone dane empiryczne poddano analizie statystycznej z uwzględnieniem takich zmiennych, jak miejsce zamieszkania i uzależnienie od środków psychoaktywnych.

15

Co Polacy mają wspólnego z „Milczeniem Owiec”? „Bestie” na wolności a ich „Uczłowieczenie”. Zarys analityczno-syntetyczny problemu

63%

Pierzchała K.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2014

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vol. 19

63-73

EN

Convicted of dangerous (status “N”): 1) Subjective criteria. The embedded person is identified as a “N”, whose behawior at the offence, personal conditions, the type and size of the negative consequences of crime, motivations, the way of proceeding during the stay in prison, the degree of demoralization carry important social threat or serious danger to the plant. 2) Subject criteria, referring to the type of crime committed by the embedded person (crime with particular cruelty or use of firearms). The list of offenses is open. The status “N” can also be obtained for especially reprehensible behavior during previous imprisonment. The list of offenses is closed (he was the perpetrator of rape, grievous bodily harm, or abused inmates).

16

Mobbing w praktyce penitencjarnej

63%

Jůzl M.

Resocjalizacja Polska

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2013

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issue 4/2013

73-81

PL

Przyczynek "Szykany w praktyce penitencjarnej" podejmuje analizę szykan ogólnie, następnie aplikację problematyki w penitencjarystyce, podstawę której stanowi tzw. „drugie życie skazanych”. Artykuł uzupełniony jest przez kilka powszechnych, mimo to wstrząsających, przykładów z praktyki więziennej

EN

The paper called „Bullying in Penitentiary Practice” deals with the analysis of bullying in general and its application within penitentiary science whose basis is so called „second life of convicted people”. The paper is exampled by several common, but appalling cases from penitentiary practice.

17

Proceedings relating to the disciplinary liability of prisoners in the state of New York

63%

Sobecki T.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2020

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vol. 18

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issue 4

107-122

PL

Działania dyscyplinarne stanowią jeden z zasadniczych, a zarazem niezbędnych elementów postępowania penitencjarnego, które służy zapewnieniu porządku oraz bezpieczeństwa instytucjonalnego. Gdy ich podejmowanie i prowadzenie następuje w sposób rozsądny i umiarkowany, a zwłaszcza sprawiedliwy, wtedy czynności te służą nie tylko ochronie zdrowia, bezpieczeństwa i zabezpieczeniu wszystkich osób uczestniczących w życiu więziennym, ale również stanowią pozytywny czynnik w procesie resocjalizacji więźniów. W artykule przedstawiono zasady postępowania dyscyplinarnego obowiązujące w stanie Nowy Jork.

EN

Prison disciplinary actions constitute one of the essential and – at the same time – necessary elements of penitentiary proceedings, which serve to ensure order and institutional security. When they are undertaken and conducted in a reasonable and moderate, and especially fair manner, then these activities not only protect the health, safety and security of all people participating in prison life, but also constitute a positive factor in the process of rehabilitation of prisoners. The article presents the rules of disciplinary proceedings in the State of New York.

18

Charakterystyka nieformalnych struktur podkultury przestępczej.

63%

Tomasz W., Hejmej A.

Państwo i Społeczeństwo

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2015

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issue 2

79-88

EN

Prison sentence used in Polish penal system is one of the most widely criticised punishments used for criminals. The convicted are sent into prisons or detention centres, which makes them (the incarcerated) even more vulnerable to committing a crime due to their isolation and solitary confinement. In this way, a distinct subculture is created. It is conditioned by many factors which determine its size, form, norms and rules enforced by the prisoners. The phenomenon of prison subculture causes a wide range of negative consequences, e.g. self-aggression; aggression towards other inmates, prison officers, or even family; mental or physical abuse; mental or sexual disorders. Such situations have a negative influence on the process of resocialisation, because they are destructive for the personality of a prisoner, especially for a juvenile delinquent as his/her decision making possibilities related to themselves are limited. Therefore, one might venture to say that the bigger the influence of subculture norms and rules, the more disturbed the process of resocialisation.

19

In Search of an Effective Penitentiary Diagnosis

63%

Korona K. W.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia

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2020

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vol. 33

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issue 4

9-22

PL

W artykule zostało podjęte zagadnienie diagnozy penitencjarnej jako elementu kluczowego dla projektowania i prowadzenia skutecznych oddziaływań penitencjarnych. Wychodząc od stanu postulowanego w metodyce pedagogiki resocjalizacyjnej i resocjalizacji penitencjarnej, poprzez aktualne rozwiązania praktyczne starano się wskazać możliwości i niedostatki modelu diagnozy penitencjarnej oraz zaproponować kierunek dalszych eksploracji. Opracowanie składa się z pięciu części. W pierwszej omówiono miejsce diagnozy w oddziaływaniach resocjalizacyjnych. W kolejnej podjęto temat diagnozy penitencjarnej z perspektywy aktualnych przepisów prawnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem elementów sprzyjających indywidualizacji wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności. W części trzeciej skoncentrowano się na aspekcie prognozowania jako jednym z zadań personelu penitencjarnego, aby następnie przyjrzeć się możliwościom, jakie stwarzają diagnoza penitencjarna i prognozowanie kryminologiczne. W podsumowaniu przedstawiono wnioski z rozważań, które zostały uzupełnione o propozycje mające na celu usprawnienie procesu diagnozowania penitencjarnego.

EN

The article deals with the issue of penitentiary diagnosis as a key element for the design and conduct of effective penitentiary interactions. Starting from the postulated state in the methodology of rehabilitation pedagogy and penitentiary resocialisation through current practical solutions, it tries to indicate the possibilities and deficiencies of the penitentiary diagnosis model and propose a direction of further exploration. The article consists of five parts. The first discusses the place of diagnosis in resocialisation interactions. The next one presents the subject of penitentiary diagnosis from the perspective of current legal provisions, with particular emphasis on elements favouring the individualisation of the execution of imprisonment. The third part focuses on the aspect of forecasting as one of the tasks of penitentiary staff to look at the possibilities offered by penitentiary diagnosis and criminological forecasting in the next one. The summary presents conclusions of the considerations, which have been supplemented with proposals aimed at improving the process of penitentiary diagnosis.

20

Rosyjski system penitencjarny w ujęciu wybranych polskich i rosyjskich opracowań

51%

Pierzchała K.

Nowa Polityka Wschodnia

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2017

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vol. 4(15)

60-76

EN

The object of the article are aspects of penitentiary system of Russian Federation based on two pints of view: Polish and Russian. The aim is to highlight the essence, the content and range but also conditioning and tendencies for changes in the context of international ambitions and role of Russia but also widely knowing term like security of nation I case of penitentiary system of such country. Popularised and worked out in 2006 by European Prison Rules (Recommendations Rec (2006)2) the idea of normalisation, meaning minimalization some effects of imprisonment, will have a long way to find appropriate using in Russian penitentiary practice, which is directed mostly on giving a penalty for somebody. It is such seen both by the society and the government. The most accurate opinion is management policy of Federal Prison Service became as it were the model of country in which monopoly to rule belong to weight structures. In all, there is no humanisation of current justice, because the cult of prison is constantly observed and judicial reform transpired strongly illusory. The lack of control for penitentiary system by the social organisation is the effect of many omissions. In the source literature is appeared many opinions that in Russia the prison culture permeated to the every spheres of life.

RU

Темой статьи являются аспекты пенитенциарной системы Российской Феде- рации, учитывающие две точки зрения: российскую и польскую. Цель ста- тьи состоит в том, чтобы определить сущность, содержание и объем, а также условия и тенденции перемен в контексте международных амбиций и роли России, а также широкой концепции национальной безопасности в контек- сте пенитенциарной системы страны. Разработанные в 2006 году Европейские тюремные правила (Рекоменда- ция Rec (2006) 2), пропагандирующие девиз нормализации, который при- водит к минимуму действий лишения свободы, ещё долго не найдёт при- менения в российской пенитенциарной практике, которая ориентирована в первую очередь на наказание. Таким образом это воспринимается как со стороны власти, так и общества. Наиболее точным представляется мнение о том, что политика управле- ния Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний стала своего рода моделью страны, в которой монополию на управление имеют силовые структуры. В общей сложности, не существует гуманизации современного правосудия, потому что до сих пор можно наблюдать культ тюрьмы, а судебная реформа оказалась весьма иллюзорной. Отсутствие контроля пенитенциарной систе- мы со стороны общественных организаций является причиной многих упу- щений.

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