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EN
Research on the relationship between sense of coherence according to Aaron Antonovsky’ theory of the sense of coherence and process of professional burning out is situated in the field of personal resources engaged in coping with organizational stress in helping proffessions. Two methods were used: The Maslach Burnout Inventory for educators and The scale of Sense of Coherence (SOC) by Antonovsky. MBI allows to measure three components of burn-out syndrome: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and the lack of personal accomplishment. SOC investigates three components of sense of coherence: sense of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfullness. Statistical analysis of results was proceeded (analysis of correlations, variance and regression). Obtained results point on significant dependence of susceptibility for professional burning out (particularly emotional exhaustion) from components of sense of coherence. However the most interesting are results concerning the dependency between typological dynamics of coherence and professional burn-out.
EN
This article presents and analyzes different models of professional burnout. The origins of the concept as well as its development and some recent theories with their basic principles are introduced and discussed.
EN
Professional burnout syndrome is undoubtedly another civilisation disease that affects modern societies. In May 2021 professional burnout was included within the list of the WHO International Classification of Diseases, however, not as a disease, but as an occupational syndrome significantly affecting health of an employee. However, it is worth noting that it is only from 2022 that professional burnout will have become a disease which will need to be treated. The research presented below shows that there are many factors which cause this new disease, and stress is among the main ones. Working as a teacher, which is considered one of the professions of supportive nature, means being exposed to various stress factors. One of the most dangerous effects is professional burnout which can lead, among others, to many health disorders, subjective treatment of students, and ultimately, make teachers resign from their job.
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EN
Some professions, for instance nurses, have been thoroughly analyzed in terms of their professional burnout. This article is dedicated to the problem of professional burnout among psychologists of different specialities. A group of elementary, gymnasium (junior high school) and high school psy- chologists, clinical and business psychologists are analyzed in terms of three dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced sense of personal accomplishment.
EN
Stress in the workplace, personal resources and professional burnout concern many workers in the contemporary world. These are common problems also among two groups of musicians: teaching musician and non-teaching musicians. The purpose of the study was to establish the dependence between occupational stress and burnout syndrome in these groups. The studied groups consisted of 94 musicians. The Perceived Job Stress Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Generalized Self- Efficacy Scale, The Resiliency Assessment Scale were used in this study. The data obtained revealed significant differentiation in a level of stress in the workplace among teaching musicians and non- teaching musicians. Teaching musicians differs in comparison with non-teaching musicians in general level of stress and four its factors: psychical balance of work, lack of rewards, social contacts and uncertainty at work. The data obtained revealed significant intensity of stress feeling at work in evaluated group. However, there are no significant differences in personal resources. To conclude: higher intensity of occupational stress is connected with the greater intensification of burnout syndrome and lower intensification of sense of personal achievements in investigated group of teaching musicians.
EN
Scale of Professional Beliefs of Physical Education Teachers (SPB-PE) aims at measuring irrational beliefs associated with the professional role one fulfils. The paper presents consecutive stages of constructing the tool based on theoretical premises of Albert Ellis. The study has demonstrated a four-factor structure of the scale (ps1. ambition, perfectionism: N = 10, α=0,76; ps2. avoidance N = 8, α=0,69; ps3. expectation of respect N = 5, α=0,71; ps4. neuroticism N = 7, α=0,60).
PL
Skala Przekonań Zawodowych Nauczycieli Wychowania Fizycznego (SPZ-WF) przeznaczona jest do pomiaru nieracjonalnych przekonań związanych z pełnioną rolą zawodową. W pracy pokazano etapy konstruowania narzędzia opartego na założeniach teoretycznych Alberta Ellisa. Badania ujawniły czteroczynnikową strukturę skali (ps1. ambicja, perfekcjonizm: N = 10, α = 0,76; ps2. unikanie N = 8, α = 0,69; ps3. oczekiwanie szacunku N = 5, α = 0,71; ps4. neurotyczność N = 7, α = 0,60).
EN
The paper presents the characterization of stress factors, police officers appearing at the work and their influence on coming into existence of the professional burnout syndrome. At this work an attempt of the description of stress causing, appearing on-the-job factors was made. Also psychological and physical consequences of the stress appearing at the work of police officers were described. Bringing issues of the stress up in the profession of the police officer and his negative consequences manifesting itself in the form of the professional burnout syndrome, one should objectively state that in the world a long time ago this phenomenon was already noticed, his influence on the psychophysical condition of officers was noticed, and hence to their professional effectiveness. The article is presenting the description of the close relationship, occurring between stress factors appearing at the work of police officers and coming into existence of the professional burnout syndrome.
EN
Objective: Job rewards have both, an intrinsic and an extrinsic motivational potential, and lead to employees' development as well as help them to achieve work goals. Rewards can balance job demands and protect from burnout. Due to changes on the labour market, new studies are needed. The aim of our study was to examine the role of demands and individual rewards (and their absence) in burnout among surgical nurses. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2009 and 2010 with 263 nurses who worked in surgical wards and clinics in hospitals in Southern Poland. The hypotheses were tested by the use of measures of demands and rewards (Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire by Siegrist) and burnout syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory). A cross-sectional, correlational study design was applied. Results: Nurses experienced the largest deficiencies in salary and prestige. Exhaustion was explained by stronger demands and lack of respect (large effect). Depersonalization was explained by stronger demands, lack of respect and greater job security (medium effect). Reduced personal achievement was explained by more demands and greater job security (small effect). Conclusions: Excessive demands and lack of esteem are key reasons for burnout among surgical nurses. Job security can increase burnout when too many resources are invested and career opportunities do not appear. These results may help to improve human resource management in the healthcare sector.
EN
The work of a religion teacher involves constant contact with the students, parents, principals, other teachers, local parish priests and other ecclesiastics; this exposure increasingly often proves to be stress-inducing. It can also engender a sense of physical and mental fatigue. Therefore, teachers of religion constitute a professional group at high risk of professional burnout. The analysis undertaken in this paper aims to demonstrate how selected groups of religion teachers approach various aspects of professional burnout. The respondents involved in the study included teachers of religion from the Archdiocese of Warmia and the Diocese of Opole. The investigations relied on the diagnostic survey methodology, using the pertinent survey technique. An authorial questionnaire served as the principal tool of research. The respondents correctly identify different aspects of professional burnout. The opinions of the surveyed religion teachers are consistent with the findings of psychologists and educational experts. Respondents not only aptly define professional burnout, but also report the diverse determining factors behind it. Among other things, the latter include long-term stress related to teaching and behavioural support duties, poor cooperation between parents and religion teachers as well as a lack of commitment to religious instruction on the part of the students. Respondents are able to enumerate readily noticeable physical and psychological symptoms, as well as suggest preventive measures.
EN
The starting point for the authors of this article is a statement that prison is an oppressive institution and the incarcerated suffer from negative emotions such as anger, fury or aggression. Those emotions result in a prison inmate feeling distress, which, among others, involves his lack of security from the side of other inmates as well as from prison officers. The omnipresent emotional state of aggressive or depressive character does not solely apply to the incarcerated. The correctional officers suffer from it, too, although with less severity. It results from the atmosphere and the conditions of their work. To illustrate this, the article presents the search results of a work atmosphere study carried out in selected correctional facilities in Kraków region. It ends with some deliberations on the possible forms of support for prison offi cers suff ering from stress and professional burnout.
EN
Professional burnout - a comparative analysis considering the key sectors in Poland The article presents the results of empirical research referring to the problem of burnout caused by professional burnout among staff of the most significant sectors in Poland. The authors presents the first part of the research project which also covered re-examination conducted after the interval of nine months. The research focused at the search for predictors of the phenomenon of burnout which - according to the latest concept of Maslach and Leiter - are as follows: emotional exhaustion, cynicism ad a reduced sense of personal achievements. With the application of neural networks, both the impact of organisational factors (organisational climate, experience of organisational stress) as well as personality-based factors onto the presence of professional burnout was verified. The main application conclusions resulted from the first stage of the research were presented at the end of the article.
PL
Wypalenie zawodowe - analiza porównawcza z uwzględnieniem głównych branż w Polsce Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań empirycznych dotyczących problematyki wypalenia pracą zawodową wśród pracowników najważniejszych branż w Polsce. Autorzy prezentują pierwszą część projektu badawczego, który obejmował także retest, przeprowadzony po dziewięciomiesięcznej przerwie. Badania koncentrowały się na poszukiwaniu predykatorów zjawiska wypalenia, które wg. najnowszej koncepcji Maslach i Leitera definiowane jest jako: wyczerpanie emocjonalne, cynizm oraz obniżone poczucie osiągnięć osobistych. Przy zastosowaniu sieci neuronowych zweryfikowano zarówno wpływ czynników organizacyjnych (klimat organizacyjny, doświadczenie stresu organizacyjnego) oraz osobowościowych na występowanie wypalenia zawodowego. W zakończeniu artykułu przedstawiono najważniejsze wnioski aplikacyjne wynikające z pierwszego etapu badań.
EN
Article examines the occurrence of professional stress among academic teachers (postgraduate students), doctors and policemen particularly exposed to intensive in uence of stressful impulses for social character of the functions they perform. Basing on the literature of object, author enriches the analysis with his own ndings. In rst instance he de nes the notion of stressors and then he tries to nd and make them up in the form of specific threats, adequate for each of the above mentioned professional groups. His analysis is extended by the aspect of professional transformations taking into consideration their social-cultural conditions. Thanks to it the author shows the existence of relationship not only between the age of respondents and susceptibility on stress but he underlines as well how important place in human’s needs hierarchy takes the professional job. Frustration, fear, tension and anxiety destructively in uence the psychical form of an individual e ecting in negative consequence de ned by the hereby article as a professional burnout.
PL
Na przełomie 2019/2020 r. poddane zostały analizie zdrowotne, psychospołeczne oraz socjodemograficzne uwarunkowania wypalenia zawodowego nauczycieli. Praca nauczycieli jako jednego z zawodów usług pomocowych jest narażona na działanie różnych czynników stresogennych. Jednym z najgroźniejszych skutków jest wypalenie zawodowe, mogące prowadzić do wielu schorzeń zdrowotnych, przedmiotowego traktowania uczniów, a w ostateczności do rezygnacji z pracy.
EN
At the turn of years 2019/2020 health, psychosocial and socio-demographic determinants of teachers burnout has been analysed. Teaching profession, as one of the professions related to social services, is exposed to various stress factors. One of the most dangerous consequences of these factors is professional burnout which can lead to many diseases, subjective treatment of students and ultimately, make teachers resign from their work.
EN
The article is devoted to revealing the key aspects of professional burnout as obstacles to cognitive and creative self-realization of teachers. The first place among great numbers of published researches on the issue of burnout, takes up the articles relating to teachers’ work. Burnout syndrome as a result of job stress has been extensively studied for over 30 years in the foreign psychology. In Ukrainian science the great interest to it has arisen recently, that is why this subject has not received appropriate consideration. The following methods of research were used: system-structural and functional analysis, theoretical analysis of Ukrainian, Russian and foreign scientific sources. In the context of our research we consider it necessary to review the concept of creativity. Analysis of psychological and educational research indicates that the problem of creativity is considered in the following aspects: philosophical, psychological and pedagogical. The subject of creativity is a human. The most important characteristics of educational creativity are: a high level of social and moral consciousness; search and problematic way of thinking; developed intellectual and logical abilities; vision problem; creative imagination, developed imagination; specific personal qualities; specific leading motives. Creatively working teacher could provide self-realization of his/her own personal creativity and create conditions for active students’ learning. But the problem of burnout appears. Burnout syndrome is one of the phenomena of personal deformation. There are three factors of professional burnout: personal, role and organizational. Personal factor includes motivation, variants of stress reaction and other personal features. Role factor is connected with role conflicts and role uncertainty. Organizational factor includes characteristics of professional tasks, type of leading, level of responsibility. So we got a theoretical justification for increased attention to the issue of prevention of burnout, because it reduces the creative self-realization, and has negative impact on the human psyche, which could cause further psychological disorders. The perspective of further research is to develop training programs for teachers to maintain and strengthen the mental health.
EN
Objectives The aim of the study was to analyze the long-term burnout levels of healthcare professionals (HCPs) working in Slovenian nursing homes during the fifth wave of the pandemic; to compare the results of similar facilities in 2020 and 2013; and to examine the correlation between demographics and burnout and fatigue among HCPs. Material and methods The study used a descriptive, correlational cross-sectional method. Results In the fifth wave, HCPs suffered more from emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment than in the first wave of the pandemic and in the spring of 2013. The HCPs caring for COVID-19 patients and younger women had higher rates of burnout and fatigue than other occupational groups. There is a strong positive correlation between burnout and fatigue. Conclusions There is an urgent need to address the problem of fatigue and burnout with administrative measures.
EN
One of the professions whose representatives are mostly exposed to professional burnout is teaching. This article is dedicated to the problem of professional burnout among Polish teachers of state schools after the reform in the Polish system of education when gymnasiums (junior high schools) were introduced. A group of primary school, junior high school and high school teachers are analyzed in terms of three dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced sense of personal accomplishment.
EN
The article discusses the problem of professional burnout among occupational therapists working with people with intellectual disabilities. Important from the point of view of various scientific disciplines, including special pedagogy, psychology, medicine or social prevention.The research was carried out in occupational therapy workshops using the diagnostic survey method and the questionnaire technique. The research allowed to determine individual, environmental and organizational threats of professional burnout. They pointed out the most common components of burnout. They outlined measures to prevent the phenomenon of professional burnout.
PL
Artykuł porusza problem zagrożenia wypaleniem zawodowym w środowisku terapeutów zajęciowych pracujących z osobami z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Ważny z punktu widzenia różnych dyscyplin naukowych, między innymi pedagogiki specjalnej, psychologii, medycyny czy profilaktyki społecznej. Opisane w artykule badania przeprowadzono w warsztatach terapii zajęciowej, wykorzystując metodę sondażu diagnostycznego i technikę ankiety. Badania pozwoliły na określenie indywidualnych, środowiskowych i organizacyjnych zagrożeń wypaleniem zawodowym. Wskazały na najczęściej występujące składniki wypalenia zawodowego. Nakreśliły kierunki indywidualnych działań zapobiegających zjawisku wypalenia zawodowego.
EN
This text analyzes selected psychological and pedagogical literatureon professional burnout of teachers and the lesser-known scholarly burnout of pupils.The analysis of theoretical assumptions and the results of empirical studies made itpossible to indicate similarities and differences in the essence, manifestations, causesand effects of the phenomenon. In addition, it provided an opportunity to thinkabout ways to support both groups affected by burnout syndrome.
PL
Celem prezentowanego tekstu było przeanalizowanie wybranej literatury psychologicznej i pedagogicznej na temat wypalenia zawodowego nauczycieli i mniej znanego w opracowaniach naukowych wypalenia szkolnego uczniów. Analiza i interpretacja różnych koncepcji naukowych pozwoliła dostrzec podobieństwa i różnice w istocie, przejawach, przyczynach i skutkach omawianego zjawiska. Ponadto dała okazję do namysłu nad sposobami wsparcia dla obu grup dotkniętych syndromem wypalenia.
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