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Prawo
|
2015
|
issue 318
13 - 24
EN
Financial instruments belong to basic instruments of agricultural land and forests protection. In the Act on Protection of Agricultural Land and Forests, numerous financial mechanisms aimed at protection of agricultural land against its non-agrarian usage have been established. Among them there are mainly one-time charges and annual payments for the exclusion of land from agricultural production. Solutions suggested in the Act on Protection of Agricultural Land and Forests are not perfect and constitute a source of practical problems. Under the Act, the charge is to be decreased by the amount equal to the value of the ground, calculated on the basis of market prices applied in a given locality in the land trade, on the date of the actual exclusion of the land from production. In practice such a solution rarely obliges a party to the proceedings to make one-time payments. Exemptions from charges and annual payments due to the exclusion of land for the purposes of housing also cause several problems.
EN
The subject of the considerations presented in the article is the shape of modern regulations on the protection of agricultural land. The analysis is conducted primarily in the field of protective provisions regarding the so-called quantitative and qualitative protection of agricultural land, as well as economic instruments correlated with these provisions for the protection of agricultural land. Other regulatory areas, including predominantly the existing and discussed solutions of European Union law regarding closer linking of agricultural producer support instruments with requirements in the field of environmental protection, within the scope of the so-called conditionality and greening. The subject of the study is not only the analysis of traditional directions of agricultural land protection as a means of production in agriculture, but also an attempt to determine the areas and directions for further development of this regulation.
PL
Przedmiotem rozważań prezentowanych w artykule jest kształt współczesnej regulacji dotyczącej ochrony gruntów rolnych. Analiza prowadzona jest głównie w zakresie przepisów ochronnych dotyczących tzw. ochrony ilościowej i jakościowej gruntów rolnych, a także skorelowanych z tymi przepisami instrumentów ekonomicznych ochrony gruntów rolnych. Przedmiotem rozważań są również inne płaszczyzny regulacyjne, w tym przede wszystkim istniejące i dyskutowane rozwiązania prawa Unii Europejskiej dotyczące ściślejszego powiązania instrumentów wsparcia producentów rolnych z wymaganiami w zakresie ochrony środowiska naturalnego, w zakresie tzw. warunkowości i zazieleniania. Przedmiotem opracowania jest zarówno analiza tradycyjnych kierunków ochrony gruntów rolnych jako środka produkcji w rolnictwie, jak i próba określenia płaszczyzn dalszego rozwoju tej regulacji.
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