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The “New Image” of Indo-European and the Nostratic Hypothesis: a possible reconciliation of reconstructions

100%
Shields K.
Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia
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2011
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vol. 16
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issue 1
129-139
EN
According to what Adrados (1992: 1) calls the “new image” of Indo-European, the proto-language originally lacked the inflectional complexities associated with traditional Brugmannian reconstruction. Such complexities were acquired only at later stages of development, including the immediately predialectal period. On the basis of this perspective, I argue in Shields (2001) that there exists an incompatibility between reconstructions proposed by Nostraticists and by those espousing the “new image” of Indo-European. However, in this brief paper, I present a possible means of reconciling the two theoretical viewpoints.
2
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A contemporary look at language origins

75%
Wacewicz S.
Avant
|
2016
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vol. 7
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issue 2
EN
Why is language unique? How did language come about? When did this happen? These questions, although quite emblematic of the Western intellectual tradition since its ancient beginnings, so far have not found satisfying answers. Indeed, many still question the very possibility of addressing these basic problems of the origins of language with proper scientific rigor (see e.g. Hauser et al. 2014). However, an emerging consensus is that current research in the field of language evolution is in fact bearing fruit, making it at least possible to judge in an informed manner which of these competing scenarios are far more or less probable. In what follows, I guide the reader through some of this research and some of these scenarios; for more details, I refer the reader to a recent book (Żywiczyński & Wacewicz 2015), which is the first monograph that presents this developing field of language evolution research to the Polish reader.
3

A Discussion of Some Possible Stages in the Evolution of Syntax

75%
Krzek M.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
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2013
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vol. 61
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issue 6: Językoznawstwo
EN
This paper provides an overview of some possible stages in the evolution of syntax. It is argued, following Heine & Kuteva (2007), Jackendoff (1999), Johansson (2005), and Burling (2002), that syntax developed gradually through clearly identifiable developmental stages, not as maintained by Bickerton (1990) in one fell swoop.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł zawiera przegląd możliwych etapów w ewolucji syntaksy. Autorka twierdzi, opierając się m.in. na badaniach takich uczonych, jak: Heine & Kuteva (2007), Jackendoff (1999), Johansson (2005) i Burling (2002), że syntaksa rozwijała się stopniowo, a nie jak utrzymuje Bickerton (1990) za jednym zamachem.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

A contemporary look at language origins

75%
Wacewicz S.
Avant
|
2016
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
EN
Why is language unique? How did language come about? When did this happen? These questions, although quite emblematic of the Western intellectual tradition since its ancient beginnings, so far have not found satisfying answers. Indeed, many still question the very possibility of addressing these basic problems of the origins of language with proper scientific rigor (see e.g. Hauser et al. 2014). However, an emerging consensus is that current research in the field of language evolution is in fact bearing fruit, making it at least possible to judge in an informed manner which of these competing scenarios are far more or less probable. In what follows, I guide the reader through some of this research and some of these scenarios; for more details, I refer the reader to a recent book (Żywiczyński & Wacewicz 2015), which is the first monograph that presents this developing field of language evolution research to the Polish reader.
5

PROTOLINGUISTIC FOSSILS IN APHASIC SPEECH PRODUCTION

75%
Ladányi E.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 2
357-367
EN
There is a generally accepted view in evolutionary linguistics that our modern language was preceded by a protolanguage. Its characteristics can be inferred from contemporary use of language. This method is based on the assumption that preceding states of language has fossils in modern language, especially in its disrupted (pidgin speakers, feral children, aphasics) or undeveloped (early child language, human language learnt by apes) forms. In my review I present aphasic symptoms which can be handled as fossils of earlier linguistic stages. Before that I introduce the two main theories about protolanguage: the synthetic and the holistic views. Then I will explore the question what aphasic phenomena these theories regard as protolinguistic fossils. I will emphasize the neurological aspects of the problem.
6

Human Honest Signalling and Nonverbal Communication

63%
Wacewicz S., Żywiczyński P.
Psychology of Language and Communication
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2012
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vol. 16
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issue 2
113-130
EN
The issue of signal reliability (‘honesty’) is widely recognised in language evolution research as one of the most fundamental problems concerning the evolutionary emergence of protolanguage, i.e. early language-like communication. We propose that nonverbal communication is likely to have played an important but underestimated role in language evolution: not directly in the transfer of message contents, but rather in stabilising the emerging protolanguage. We single out one subset of nonverbal cues - nonvocal nonverbal paralinguistic adaptors (NNPAs) - based on their role as indicators of reliability in present-day communication of humans. We suggest that the relatively involuntary and therefore reliable NNPAs might have served to stabilise more volitionally controlled, and therefore less reliable, verbal communication at the initial, bootstrapping stages of its phylogenetic development.
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