This paper examines the efficiency and public transport accessibility of indirect (devolved) state administration performed by municipalities with extended powers (hereinafter MEPs) in the Czech Republic. Our aim is to evaluate the efficiency of the revenues made by municipalities with extended powers, through performing powers delegated to them by the state administration, and those municipalities’ public transport accessibility as of 31 December, 2014. The rate of efficiency is tested on an output-oriented Free Disposable Hull model. One input variable is selected - the operating expenses of the municipal offices recalculated per inhabitant of the municipality’s administrative district - and two output variables are selected: contribution to the performance of state administration, recalculated per inhabitant of the municipality’s administrative district, and revenues from administrative fees per inhabitant of the municipality’s administrative district. The municipality’s offices’ transport accessibility is evaluated via network analysis using ArcGIS software. The article investigates the hypothesis that public administration deconcentration practices logically result in higher security costs and therefore inefficiency. The results reveal that only 66 of the country’s 205 MEPs are efficient and that operating expenses and state contributions for the performance of state administrative tasks play a significant role in these results. Efficiency is less significantly influenced by administrative fee revenues. Public transport accessibility is analyzed for two time intervals - 6:00 to 8:00 am and 1:00 to 2:00 pm - on Tuesdays. The degree of accessibility is defined using a six-point scale of accessibility. The results show that the best accessibility is in the morning hours, when the offices are accessible for 68.8% of the population aged 15+ in the Czech Republic; the worst accessibility is in the afternoon hours when only 2% of the population aged 15+ can access the offices.
The successes of reactivation or modernization of railway lines in Poland increase the interest of public opinion and politics in the subject. In 2019, two key decisions were taken for the development of the railway system in Greater Poland. The government adopted the assumptions of the “Railway Plus” program, planning the railway links to Śrem, Gostyń and Turek, and the voivodship authorities proceeded to update the transport plan assuming the restoration of traffic to Międzychód through Pniewy and through Sieraków, as well as to Czarnków. This paper presents selected transport conditions of these investments. In order for the investments to be successful, it is necessary to significantly increase the maximum speeds, in relation to historical parameters, and to adapt the station network to the settlement structure. The existing bus offer is designed to meet the demand for pupils and student transport. Therefore, railways can benefit people who use cars on a daily basis.
PL
Sukcesy reaktywacji czy modernizacji linii kolejowych w Polsce powodują wzrost zainteresowania opinii publicznej oraz świata polityki tym tematem. W 2019 r. podjęte zostały dwie kluczowe decyzje dla rozwoju systemu kolejowego w Wielkopolsce. Rząd przyjął założenia programu „Kolej Plus”, w ramach którego może dojść do podłączenia do sieci kolejowej Śremu, Gostynia i Turku, a władze województwa przystąpiły do aktualizacji planu transportowego zakładającego przywrócenie ruchu do Międzychodu przez Pniewy i przez Sieraków, a także przywrócenie ruchu do Czarnkowa. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane uwarunkowania transportowe tych inwestycji. Aby inwestycje odniosły sukces, konieczne jest znaczące podniesienie maksymalnych prędkości w stosunku do historycznych parametrów oraz dopasowanie sieci stacji i przystanków do struktury osadniczej. Istniejąca oferta autobusowa służy zaspokojeniu popytu na transport uczniów. Kolej może więc pozyskać osoby korzystające na co dzień z samochodów.
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