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Impairment of pulmonary function and changes in the right cardiac structure of pneumoconiotic coal workers in China

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Bian L.-Q., Zhang Y., Jiang R., Mao L.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2015
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vol. 28
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issue 1
62-70
EN
Introduction: Information on the changes of pulmonary function and the right cardiac structure in patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis in China is very scarce. This study was performed to clarify the changes of pulmonary function and right cardiac structure in patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis in China. Material and methods: Pulmonary function, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and the right cardiac structure were evaluated by spirometry and color Doppler echocardiography. Results: The pulmonary artery systolic pressure of patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis was increased with disease severity. Patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis also exhibited an impaired pulmonary function and altered right cardiac structure compared with control subjects. A significant linear correlation of the variables of pulmonary ventilation and diffusion function with the indicators of the right cardiac structure was found in patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis in China. Conclusions: This study elucidated a deterioration of pulmonary function and right cardiac structure in patients with coal worker’s pneumoconiosis in China.
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Pulmonary function impairment and airway allergy among workers in traditional bakeries

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Fahim A. E., El-Prince M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2013
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vol. 26
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issue 2
214-219
EN
Objectives: To assess the effect of exposure to flour dust on pulmonary function tests, prevalence of symptoms (respiratory, allergic/irritating) and parameters of allergic sensitization in terms of skin prick test, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Material and Methods: 43 bakers (with at least 2 years of occupational exposure) working at different bakeries in Ismailia city, Egypt; and 64 control subjects of comparable socio demographic characteristics were compared. All participants were subjected to an interview questionnaire, clinical chest examination, skin prick test, bronchial hyper-responsiveness test and measurements of pulmonary function parameters. Results: All respiratory and allergic symptoms were more prevalent among bakers compared to the control group, with the highest odds ratio for allergic symptoms (OR = 6.9; p < 0.0001) and dyspnea (OR = 6.3; p = 0.0004). Bakers had a higher percentage of SPT positive results with statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.0001). Bakers had lower observed values compared to the control group with statistically significant difference for FVC, FEV₁/FVC ratio, $ \text{FEF}_\text{75%} $, and $ \text{FEF}_\text{25-75%} $ parameters. Conclusion: The present study suggested that occupational exposure to flour dust may affect respiratory irritation and sensitization, and reduce the pulmonary function tests such as FVC, FEV₁, and FEV₁/FVC ratio and $ \text{FEF}_\text{25-75%} $.
3
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Pulmonary function of jute mill workers from West Bengal, India

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Mandal(Majee) A., Majumder R.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2014
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vol. 4
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issue 1
7-17
EN
Background: Jute industry workers constantly exposed themselves to jute dust and are at risk of impairment of lung function. Investigation on various studies revealed the effects of exposure to jute dust but limited studies so far undertaken regarding its bearing on pulmonary function of jute workers of West Bengal,India. Purpose: To evaluate the respiratory status of jute mill workers of West Bengal exposed to occupational hazards. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 203 male jute mill workers of age range 18 – 60 yrs. from West Bengal and a control group of 141 men of similar age .Dynamic pulmonary function parameters were carried out including physical parameters, respiratory abnormalities, year of exposure and smoking history. Results: FVC, FEV1, FEF 200-1200 and PEFR values of higher age group non smoker of low dust zone were significantly higher in comparison to the non smoker of high dust zone. The prevalence of chest tightness was 33.49% and liver dysfunction was 41.9% in dusty zone workers of jute mill in comparison to less dusty zone. Again, incidence of chest tightness and cough was highest (35.44%) in higher age group workers and prevalence of byssinosis like symptoms and chronic bronchitis was 30- 37% after 10 – 30years of exposure. But occurrence of bronchial asthma was 11.9% in workers of greater than 20 years of exposure. Prevalence of all the above respiratory abnormalities was higher among smokers than non-smokers. Conclusions: Concentration of jute dust exposure had been associated with decrease in FVC, FEV1, and PEFR with a higher risk of developing chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms. This indicated high occupational health hazards which would create an alarming situation, if remained unchecked.
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Pneumoconiosis and respiratory problems in dental laboratory technicians: Analysis of 893 dental technicians

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Ergün D., Ergün R., Özdemir C., Öziş T. N., Yilmaz H., Akkurt İ.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2014
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vol. 27
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issue 5
785-796
EN
Objectives: To explore the rate of pneumoconiosis in dental technicians (DTP) and to evaluate the risk factors. Material and Methods: Data of 893 dental technicians, who were admitted to our hospital in the period January 2007–May 2012, from 170 dental laboratories were retrospectively examined. Demographic data, respiratory symptoms, smoking status, work duration, working fields, exposure to sandblasting, physical examination findings, chest radiographs, pulmonary function tests and high-resolution computed tomography results were evaluated. Results: Dental technicians’ pneumoconiosis rate was 10.1% among 893 cases. The disease was more common among males and in those exposed to sandblasting who had 77-fold higher risk of DTP. The highest profusion subcategory was 3/+ (according to the International Labour Organization (ILO) 2011 standards) and the large opacity rate was 13.3%. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, it was the largest DTP case series (N = 893/90) in the literature in English. Health screenings should be performed regularly for the early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, which is an important occupational disease for dental technicians.
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Assessment of pulmonary function of cement industry workers from West Bengal, India

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Mandal (Majee), A, Majumder R.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2013
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vol. 3
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issue 1
65-77
EN
Purpose: To evaluate the basic pulmonary function parameters of cement industry workers from West Bengal. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a cement factory at Durgapur, district Burdwan on male cement industry workers and a control group of office workers. Materials and methods: Ninety workers of different sections of cement industry and a control group of 141 office workers participated in this study. All the dynamic pulmonary function parameters were determined by spirometry. Number of years of exposure to cement dust, respiratory symptoms and smoking history if any were recorded. Results: Nineteen percent of higher age group and 28% of lower age group workers had restrictive pulmonary diseases but smokers showed higher percentage of restrictive and combined respiratory diseases. Prevalence of chest tightness and chronic bronchitis were highest in packing, loading and storage department workers (OR=5.09 and 6.4 respectively) followed by maintenance workers of the workshop (OR=4.41 and 2.59 respectively) and then the production department workers. Logistic regression analysis of prevalence of respiratory symptoms at the multivariate level indicated that year of smoking and dust concentration were significantly associated with chronic bronchitis but smoking habit was significantly associated with chest tightness. In addition, 46% and 20% of higher and lower age group workers from high dust zone suffered from the liver problems. Multiple regression equations of pulmonary function parameters on the basis of age, body height, year of dust exposure and duration of smoking had been established but the equations were significant for FVC, FEV1 and FEF 75-85%. Conclusions: This study demonstrated acute reduction of respiratory functions of cement industry workers from West Bengal. The work signified occupational health hazards of these cement industry workers which indicates an alarming situation if remain unchecked.
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Evaluation of differential serum expression of three factors and pulmonary function in patients with silicosis

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Zhu Y., Duan X. Y., Cheng Y. Q., Yao X. J., Xu H., Zhang K. S., Li F. S., Yang F., Liu L. H., Yuan X. J.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2021
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vol. 34
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issue 4
527-540
EN
ObjectivesSilicosis is a chronic occupational lung disease. As was previously found by the authors, some proteins increased in the lung tissue of activated rats, and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), factor B, and vaccinia-related kinase 1 (VRK1) showed highly differential expressions.Material and MethodsIn this study, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected from patients with silicosis and healthy people to verify the expression of PTPN2, factor B, and VRK1. The diagnostic value of differentially expressed proteins for silicosis was judged.ResultsThe expression levels of serum PTPN2, VRK1, and factor B in patients with silicosis were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.01). Higher serum PTPN2 and factor B concentrations significantly and negatively correlated with the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), maximum vital capacity (VCmax), FEV1, and FVC, suggesting that the high expression of PTPN2 and factor B is associated with decreased pulmonary ventilation function and restrictive ventilatory impairment in patients with silicosis. All area under curve (AUC) measurements generated from single detection events were >0.744, with PTPN2 reaching the highest value (0.858). The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for the combined diagnosis using factor B and PTPN2 were 0.907, 86.91% and 85.07%, respectively, for factor B and PTPN2. The 3 differentially expressed proteins are potential classes of predictive biomarkers for silicosis.ConclusionsRegarding the economy and test practicality, the best diagnostic combination is factor B and PTPN2 for the analysis of AUC, sensitivity and specificity.
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