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EN
Tourist ascents of mountain peaks before sunrise are increasingly popular. Babia Góra (Western Carpathians) is a peak on the Polish-Slovak border frequently visited by a great number of tourists at sunrise. The main objective of our research, based on the case study of Babia Gora, was to answer a more general question whether the sunrise can be considered a tourist attraction. The research included the observation and description of every sunrise at summer holiday weekends during 2012 from the peak of Babia Góra as well as the collection of data on the number of tourists and weather conditions. Survey interviews, using questionnaire, with randomly selected hikers present on the peak of Babia Góra at sunrise (269) were conducted. The investigation showed that during summer holiday sunrises there were a maximum of 130 people on the summit of Babia Góra at the same time. Most of the surveyed people (84%) agreed that the opportunity to observe the sunrise was one of the pull factors for them. This confirms the hypothesis that sunrise constitutes a tourist attraction.
EN
The article has several objectives. First, it aims to discuss, based on the international literature analysis, theoretical models and factors influencing early retirement decisions, and limiting work ability and employability of older people. Second, the concept of (and the factors related to) work ability as well as the role of age management in improving employability and sustaining work activity of older adults are analyzed against the backdrop of the Polish context. Cultural (ageism) and organizational (e.g., a lack of appropriate age management in companies) factors influencing work activity in the oldest age groups are taken into account. Third, the authors present some solutions and recommendations coming from the international Participation To Healthy Workplaces And inclusive Strategies in the Work Sector (PATHWAYS) project. Finally, theoretical models, concepts and solutions are integrated into a model elucidating the conditions (cultural, social, organizational, individual) influencing work ability of older adults. The model aims to take into account theories and factors identified in the literature review and grouped into several categories. The analysis highlights the role of appropriate age management in companies in the process of sustaining work ability of older employees.
Turyzm
|
2022
|
vol. 32
|
issue 1
185-217
PL
Związek między czynnikami push (pchania) i pull (przyciągania) z zamiarem ponownego odwiedzenia destynacji często był badany w kontekście turystyki ogólnej. Niewiele natomiast wiadomo na temat czynników wpływających na zamiary ponownej wizyty w miejscach docelowych MICE pomimo licznych korzyści społeczno-ekonomicznych, jakie wiele krajów uzyskało dzięki tej branży. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę wypełnienia luki w wiedzy za pomocą krytycznego przeglądu literatury przy użyciu zintegrowanego podejścia przeglądowego. Przegląd, krytyczna analiza i synteza głównej literatury pozwoliły ustalić, że dwa czynniki push, tj. tworzenie sieci kontaktów i możliwości edukacyjne, oraz cztery czynniki pull, tj. wizerunek miejsca docelowego, koszty podróży, atrakcyjność i dostępność, wpływają na zamiary ponownej wizyty w destynacji MICE. Następnie zaproponowano teoretyczny model relacji między tymi czynnikami a zamiarami ponownego odwiedzenia ośrodka MICE. 
EN
The relationship between push and pull factors with the intention to revisit a destination has often been investigated in the context of general tourism. Not much is known on the factors influencing MICE destination revisit intentions, despite the numerous socioeconomic benefits that many countries have received from the MICE tourism business. This article attempts to fill the gap of knowledge by critically reviewing the literature using the integrative review approach. By reviewing, critiquing and synthesizing major literature on the issue, two push factors i.e. networking and educational opportunities and four pull factors i.e. destination image, travel costs, attraction and accessibility are established as influencing revisit intentions to MICE destination. Then a theoretical model of relationship between those factors and MICE destination revisit intentions is proposed. 
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