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Rocznik Lubuski
|
2011
|
vol. 37
|
issue 2
299-312
EN
The article presents the results of questionnaire studies performed on 986 students finishing first - and second - cycle studies in twenty two universities in Silesia province. The main objective of the studies was an attempt to answer the question how students see their chances to find a job, where and how they want to look for it and which skills or qualifications are, according to them, particularly desired by employers. Another aim of the research was to analyze the reasons for choosing university, area of study, virtual actions taken in case of becoming unemployed or even opinions on availability of guidance services. The research was co-financed with the resources of the European Social Fund.
2
100%
PL
Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie problematyki wizerunku nauczyciela w świadomości społeczeństwa polskiego. Rozważania zostaną zaprezentowane na bazie analizy wyników badań własnych w kontekście badań CBOS z 2012 r.
EN
The aim of the article is to present the problem of teacher's image in the consciousness of Polish society. The considerations will be presented on the basis of the analysis of own research results in the context of CBOS research from 2012.
EN
Higher education should enable students to raise their qualifications, and particularly acquire new knowledge, develop their interests, or learn to think critically. As for economics students, tertiary education should provide them with opportunity to find and follow their career path. Having this in mind, the author of the present paper discusses factors contributing to economics students' involvement in raising their qualifications. The main aim is to state why they have become less involved in doing so, and particularly in acquiring new knowledge.
EN
Higher education should enable students to raise their qualifications, and particularly acquire new knowledge, develop their interests, or learn to think critically. As for economics students, tertiary education should provide them with an opportunity to find and follow their career path. Having this in mind, the author of the present paper discusses factors contributing to economics students’ involvement in raising their qualifications. The main aim is to state why they have become less involved in doing so and particularly in acquiring new knowledge.
EN
The study objective was to research the impact of workers’ education and qualifications upon changes in the innovation level of economies.The professional literature often claims that knowledge translates into innovation. Higher levels of employees’ education generate more innovative ideas, which increases the general level of innovation.The spatial scope of analysis included the European Union countries during the 2004-2012 period. The paper consists of three parts. The first part explains the importance of human capital for the economy, and especially for its competitiveness and innovation. The second part presents a comparative analysis of the structure of employees in terms of the level of education and qualifications, in particular European Union states. The third part attempts to clarify the effect of the level of education of employees on the innovation of economy. The analysis has demonstrated that the level of innovation is determined by the level of both education and qualification of employees. From the point of view of the innovativeness of economy not only the post-level qualifications but also specialization is important. The qualification specialization is the type of necessary knowledge or skills of using specific devices and tools or materials or produced goods and services. The European Union countries considered to be the innovation leaders are characterized by a high proportion of highly qualified employees. Moreover, the percentage of specialists in employment is also very high. However, there is a group of countries where, despite the high proportion of specialists, innovation remains low. It seems it is due to the low „quality” employment specialists. From the point of view of innovation the participation of high-skilled workers in the total employment in the economy seems to be more important than the participation of professionals. This is due to the nature of today’s innovations that require the cooperation of employees from different disciplines and within multidisciplinary teams.
EN
The paper presents the problem of the current labour market, and the acquired qualifications in the light of real competences at the age of the requirements and expectations of the modern world. In addition, familiarizing with the mentioned in this article information, the authors indicate the reflection associated with getting by the young person’s skills of acquirying reliable professional competence resulting from the diversity of specializations in performing the intended work.
EN
In the article with the name „The pedagogical staff of the generally Schools in the district of Tczew on the documents of the School Tczew Inspection in the years 1935 – 1939” was described the problematic the work qualifications for the teachers of generally schools in the district of Tczew in addition to the new guidelines from the Religion und Education Ministry from the years 1934 – 1935. Really helpful while it was written, was the content of the personally teachers acts, which teachers were creating the team of the School Inspection in Tczew and were building a group in the Country Archive in Gdansk (APG). There were the qualifications cards und the observations sheets, including the evaluations and opinions, which were formed according to the new rules that were determined in the half thirties of 20th century. The Work is divided between four chapters. The first chapter describes the structure of the generally education in Pomerania, which was created as a result of the reform from year 1932. With reference to this conjuncture the new rules for the work qualifications were cleared, which were applied in the years 1934 – 1935.The second chapter presents the profiles of each education workers that were coming under the control by the school inspectors. It is indicated in this case to the affection the material und familiar situation of each teacher on his working results.The third chapter enters into the overview the results of didactical and educational work of these teachers. It describes also the aspects, which are related to the educational work of teachers for the students and their environment.The forth chapter shows the other forms of activation the teachers and increasing their own qualifications. At the end was presented the teachers’ evaluation as the conductors of schools.
EN
New education goals, a new teaching content requires from a teacher application of other, also more active teaching methods, and from students require a lot of commitment and increased independence. This paper shows selected conditions of vocational education, paying attention to the needs of acquiring new skills and the need for classification of occupations.
EN
Stable and permanent work is the cornerstone of the functioning of every person in the entire period of his adult life. Proper professional qualifications reinforce the area of employment, but their absence can contribute to the emergence of serious problems in finding a suitable job. Capitalist economy is mainly characterized by frequent changes in the labor market, but systematic education and normal development of man from an early age can contribute to the better functioning of adult in his professional life. The article is an attempt to present the results of the survey in students opinion of pedagogical studies of the Faculty of Education at the University of Rzeszów in Rzeszów city on the situation on the Polish labor market, about their career plans, about their activities in acquiring new skills, competencies, as well as the possibility of taking a new job or obtain a promotion during present employment.
EN
The article examines key competences in the lifelong learning process – as a European reference framework, taking into account legal, psychological and pedagogical aspects. The article contains an introduction and two subsections describing the concept and types of competences, and the second one examining the social competences in the Polish and European Qualifications Framework for lifelong learning.
PL
Artykuł analizuje kompetencje kluczowe w procesie uczenia się przez całe życie jako europejskie ramy odniesienia, uwzględniając aspekty prawne, psychologiczne i pedagogiczne. Artykuł zawiera wprowadzenie oraz dwa podrozdziały: pierwszy charakteryzujący pojęcie i rodzaje kompetencji oraz drugi analizujący pod względem prawnym kompetencje społeczne w Polskiej i Europejskiej Ramie Kwalifikacji dla uczenia się przez całe życie.
EN
Background. The aim of the study was to identify the organization of physical education in the new core curriculum. The research material consists of the professional qualifications of 32 physical education teachers, the sports infrastructure and the method of the physical education implementation were diagnosed. Material and methods. The primary research method was a diagnostic survey and survey technique. Moreover, a teacher personal questionnaire of physical culture and a questionnaire to assess working conditions for the implementation of school physical education were applied. To identify how to implement physical education classes in schools and how to offer a variety of classes for the students to choose from, a personal questionnaire (RZWF) was used. It was created independently on the basis of the Decree of the Minister of National Education of 23 December 2008 on the core curriculum and general education in particular types of schools. Results. The study which diagnosed the professional qualifications of the physical education teachers showed that all of them graduated from the University School of Physical Education, and the highest percentage of the teachers have been working for over 21 years. Half of the diagnosed teachers have a chartered teacher status. Half of the teachers have at least an instructor certificate in a single discipline. Among those teachers, most people have a coach or instructor licence to conduct classes in basketball, volleyball, swimming, soccer and downhill skiing. The study on the diagnosis of the ways of implementing physical education classes showed that five secondary schools implemented a traditional classroom- lesson system, and four schools – a mixed system (classes in the classroom-lesson system, and activities to be chosen by a student). Conclusions. The research has shown that in more than half of the diagnosed secondary schools in Wroclaw some new opportunities for the organization of physical education have been introduced.
EN
Forming one of the priority areas o the Czech Republic’s strategy is the activity of companies from the Czech Republic on international markets. Not all areas hold the same level of interest for Czech companies doing business internationally. Lately the opinion has prevailed that in their international enterprising, companies should be concentrating more on the markets of Eastern Europe and Russia, which seem to present a significant opportunity for them. One of the major barriers to this activity is mainly the lack of tech- nical expertise of companies. This concerns the lack of knowledge of the local customers relating to real and financial management, corporate culture, conditions for doing business, tax requirements and problems and implemen- tation of business activities. The aim of this article is to define the theoretic basis of the culturological concept of a company, to draw attention to certain basic differences in approaches of countries of Eastern Europe and Russia, which seem to be important for Czech entrepreneurs to realize business con- tacts. The methodology of the solution is founded on background research of key theoretical sources and practical experience and outputs gained within the framework of international contacts with these countries. The research and conclusions relate to resolution of a project resolved through the pro- gram “Human Resources Development” with the priority “Development o Life-long earning”, the aim o which is to increase quali ication o academic and research workers in the area of business management, and to conse- quently introduce this information into practice. This article was created within the framework of the ESF project entitled “Management in Conditions o the Countries in Eastern Europe and Russia” with identification number CZ.1/4/03/2/3/15.2/0257.
EN
The mandatory authorities – the municipal office and the mayor of the municipality – play an irreplaceable role at the municipal level. Both bodies are elected. These authorities influence the direction of municipal development in the upcoming term of office, the municipal representatives’ protection of citizens’ needs and interests as well as fulfilment of the tasks and obligations imposed by the law. The main aim of the article is to clarify the importance and seriousness of the mayor as the highest representative of the municipal government in the Slovak Republic. Another aim is to present new realities connected with the mayor’s office as well as new requirements associated with it.
EN
The increasing number of cases of social disapproval of the employment in public offices and institutions with a violation of the existing regulations, especially in the recent years, as well as appointing to the highest positions people whose qualifications are far from desirable, make one think why this is the case in a democratic state of law and what should be done to change it. It is clear that an adequate selection of personnel and implementation of statutory responsibilities depend on their strict compliance with pre-employment regulations. Due to the fact that ensuring equal access to employment is both a constitutional and Labour Code requirement, the regulations relating to qualification procedures should be subject to statutory standards. PIP (National Labour Inspectorate) legislator passed on standardization of these matters to the General Labour Inspector in a decree issued by him, which does not fit in the generally binding system of law. The decree on this subject published by GIP (General Labour Inspectorate) contains numerous inaccuracies resulting in the lack of reliability of recruitment. There is also a shortage of regulations ensuring the right selection for the highest positions in the inspection, which results in appointing to these positions people who do not always meet the desired criteria. In this situation a statutory regulation of the recruitment procedure is necessary for persons to be employed in PIP including management positions with the possibility of questioning the qualification procedure and having control over it. PIP as a supervision and control authority in the area of labor law subordinate to the Parliament should be a model for other employers. Otherwise, its credibility will cause a lot of reservations.
15
75%
EN
Aim of his article is to present the Project “New qualifications – more certain future of Nowa Sól district residents” co-financed from European Union funds from European Social Fund of Operational Programme Human Resources Development 2007 -2013, Priority VIII – regional economy personnel, that was implemented as an answer to the needs of Nowa Sól disctrict residents regarding acquiring new, completing or improving qualifications and professional skills through courses and trainings undertaken on their own initiative by working adults.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu będzie przedstawienie projektu „Nowe kwalifikacje – pewniejsza przyszłość mieszkańców Powiatu Nowosolskiego” współfinansowanego ze środków Unii Europejskiej z Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego Programu Operacyjnego Kapitał Ludzki 2007-2013, Priorytet VIII – Regionalne kadry gospodarki, który był realizowany w odpowiedzi na zapotrzebowanie mieszkańców Powiatu Nowosolskiego odnośnie nabywania nowych, uzupełniania lub podwyższania swoich kwalifikacji i umiejętności zawodowych poprzez kursy i szkolenia podejmowane z własnej inicjatywy przez pracujące osoby dorosłe.
EN
Systemic tools, such as the standards of professional competences and qualifications, the description of which enables them to be assigned the level of the national qualifications framework, function in the national qualifications systems as collections of information on competences important from the point of view of the labour market and educational system.It is important to recognise the potential of the relationship between the standards of professional competences and qualifications, described in accordance to the Act on ZSK, given the fact that they coexist under the Polish Integrated Qualification System.
EN
Forming one of the priority areas of the Czech Republic’s strategy is the activity of companies from the Czech Republic on international markets. Not all areas hold the same level of interest for Czech companies doing business internationally. Lately the opinion has prevailed that in their international enterprising, companies should be concentrating more on the markets of Eastern Europe and Russia, which seem to present a significant opportunity for them. One of the major barriers to this activity is mainly the lack of technical expertise of companies. This concerns the lack of knowledge of the local customers relating to real and financial management, corporate culture, conditions for doing business, tax requirements and problems and implementation of business activities. The aim of this article is to define the theoretic basis of the culturological concept of a company, to draw attention to certain basic differences in approaches of countries of Eastern Europe and Russia, which seem to be important for Czech entrepreneurs to realize business contacts. The methodology of the solution is founded on background research of key theoretical sources and practical experience and outputs gained within the framework of international contacts with these countries. The research and conclusions relate to resolution of a project resolved through the program “Human Resources Development” with the priority “Development of Life-long Learning”, the aim of which is to increase qualification of academic and research workers in the area of business management, and to consequently introduce this information into practice. This article was created within the framework of the ESF project entitled “Management in Conditions of the Countries in Eastern Europe and Russia” with identification number CZ.1/4/03/2/3/15.2/0257.
EN
In the article a presentation of the qualifications and competence that graduates of higher education institutions possess and which are expected by employers of Masovia. For that purpose the results of the quality survey were used, precisely 45 deepened individual interviews (IDI) with the heads and owners of companies (small, average and big) in the region. In the course of the survey identified and described were mechanisms and procedures applied in companies in order to assess the degree of adaptation of the qualifications and competence with which graduates are equipped by the college to the ones expected by the market, as well as the process of recruitment and the system of evaluations and verification of the qualifications, and action taken by employers in case of discrepancies between requirements of the job and competence of the employee. It turned out, that selection criteria adopted by employers, i.e. legal form, size of the company and area of its activity, are evidently diversifying recruitment procedures applied by them (recruitment, evaluation and verification of qualifications, training, adaptive). In the article these differences were also shown. Since the issue causing many emotions and discussion is the adaptation, or rather the maladjustment of the directional structure of higher education to the needs of the labor market and since there is a lack of information about these needs, it was also attempted to find a reply to the question put in the title of article.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę kwalifikacji i kompetencji, jakie absolwenci szkół wyższych posiadają i jakie są oczekiwane przez pracodawców Mazowsza. Wykorzystano w tym celu wyniki badania jakościowego, a dokładnie 45 pogłębionych wywiadów indywidualnych (IDI) z szefami i właścicielami firm (małych, średnich i dużych) regionu. W trakcie badania zostały m.in. zidentyfikowane i opisane stosowane w firmach mechanizmy i procedury, które umożliwiają ocenę stopnia dostosowania kwalifikacji i kompetencji, w które wyposaża absolwentów uczelnia do tych, których oczekuje rynek, a także proces rekrutacji oraz system ocen i weryfikacji kwalifikacji oraz podejmowane przez pracodawców działania w przypadku zaistnienia rozbieżności między wymaganiami pracy a kompetencjami pracownika. Okazało się, że przyjęte kryteria doboru pracodawców, tj. forma prawna, wielkość firmy i obszar jej działania, różnicują w sposób widoczny stosowane przez nich procedury (rekrutacyjne, oceny i weryfikacji kwalifikacji, szkoleniowe, adaptacyjne). W artykule pokazano także te różnice. Ponieważ kwestią, która wywołuje wiele emocji i dyskusji, jest dostosowanie, a raczej niedostosowanie struktury kierunkowej szkolnictwa wyższego do potrzeb rynku pracy i ponieważ brak jest informacji o tych potrzebach, podjęto w nim również próbę odpowiedzi na postawione w tytule artykułu pytanie.
PL
Kwalifikacyjną strukturę popytu na pracę najczęściej opisuje się poprzez kategorie z klasyfikacji zawodów – powszechnie stosowane w publicznym pośrednictwie pracy. Nie mają one jednak bezpośredniego przełożenia na system edukacji, a jednocześnie są mało intuicyjne dla pracodawców. Celem artykułu jest opisanie popytu na pracę poprzez identyfikację profili kompetencyjnych pożądanych przez pracodawców. Ich analiza pozwala ustalić, które kompetencje stanowią ogólny, a które specyficzny kapitał ludzki, a także sformułować wnioski dla systemu kształcenia. W badaniu wykorzystano dane dotyczące pomorskiego rynku pracy i posłużono się analizą skupień oraz analizą współczynnika zmienności częstości zgłoszeń zapotrzebowania na zdefiniowane cechy osobowe, kompetencje kluczowe i kwalifikacje zawodowe. Wyniki wskazują m.in. na konieczność zwiększenia nacisku na kształtowanie cech osobowych we wczesnych latach edukacji szkolnej oraz w kształceniu zawodowym, a także na konieczność większego udziału kształcenia kompetencji kluczowych w szkolnictwie wyższym.
EN
The qualification structure of the labour market is usually described by the categories of the classification of occupations which is widely used in the public employment services. This structure however is not directly linked to the education system, and is not intuitive for employers in its application. The purpose of this article is to describe labour demand by identifying the competency profiles desired by employers. Their analysis allows determination of which skills are general and which are specific human capital and to formulate recommendations for the education system. The study uses data from the Pomeranian labour market. It applies cluster analysis and the analysis of the coefficient of variation of the frequency of demand for each of the predefined personal characteristics, key competencies and occupational qualifications. The results highlight the need to increase emphasis on the formation of personal qualities in the early years of education and the need for a greater role for key competence training in higher education.
20
63%
EN
In the era of globalisation, there is a need of transparency of workers qualifications. EC is looking at the qualification frameworks in third countries like Australia and at new apprenticeshiporiented VET systems (China). Such solutions were implemented on the basis of “German dual system”. It seems, that not always implementing countries use all needed standards which leads to low quality apprenticeships and – in the wider horizon – development of apprenticeship’s bad image (without proper standards system will not be able to help combating youth unemployment). During my research I’ve made comparison among third countries with newly modernized VET system. Effects have showed, that countries apprenticeship system develop according to their cultural habits (Egypt). Common challenge for Europe is weak perception of VET and insufficient career guidance. Below mentioned conclusions should help in discussion on further development of apprenticeship in Poland.
PL
W erze globalizacji pojawiła się potrzeba przejrzystości pracowniczych kwalifikacji. Komisja Europejska przygląda się ramom kwalifikacyjnym państw trzecich, takich jak Australia i nowym, zorientowanym na przygotowanie zawodowe (Chiny). Takie rozwiązania wprowadzano na bazie niemieckiego systemu dualnego. Nie zawsze kraje wdrażające używają obowiązujących standardów. Może to przyczynić się do stworzenia słabych jakościowo systemów, a w szerszej perspektywie pogorszyć wizerunek przygotowania zawodowego (bez odpowiednich standardów system nie będzie w stanie zwalczać bezrobocia młodych). W artykule pokazano porównanie wśród państw trzecich modernizujących swoje systemy edukacji zawodowej. Rezultaty wskazały na duży wpływ tradycji kulturowych na tworzone systemy (Egipt). Wspólnym wyzwaniem stał się słaby obraz kształcenia zawodowego i niedostatecznie rozwinięte doradztwo zawodowe. Konkluzje te powinny pomóc w dyskusjach nad rozwojem „naszego” przygotowania zawodowego.
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