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Towards the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the European Union and United States

100%
Puślecki Z. W.
Przegląd Politologiczny
|
2018
|
issue 1
83-102
EN
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the activity towards the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) between the European Union and United States. It has been emphasized that the talks will reduce regulatory barriers. New agreements to remove trade barriers aim at reducing dead-weight costs and at increasing net social gains from international trade. The article examines the impact of free trade agreements like TTIP and, in particular, investor-state dispute resolution mechanisms in reducing the power of national governments to regulate and eliminate market inequality. The article offers examples of successful regulatory cooperation efforts in the hope that it will shed light on possible approaches to addressing regulatory divergences. Ideally, the best way to address problems arising from regulatory divergence would be on a multilateral basis, while taking into account the relations of the EU and the US with other countries. The main aim of the article is the presentation of the challenges for TTIP negotiations. The particular objective of the research task is the regulatory trade barriers in US-EU foreign trade policy, the nature and the promoters of TTIP, the interrelationship between regulatory standards and international cooperation in TTIP. The general theoretical approach will be of broad interest to economists interested in international questions, especially transatlantic cooperation, as well as to political scientists. The main methods applied in this research were the institutional method, comparative method, documentation method and statistical methods. Additionally, the methods of deductive and inductive forecasting were applied.
2
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Importance and motives of preferential trade agreements in the eU's external trade

75%
Kawecka-Wyrzykowska E.
Economics and Business Review
|
2020
|
vol. 6(20)
|
issue 3
3-22
EN
As a result of previous multilateral negotiations tarif rates are generally low and cannot explain the reasons for recent proliferation of preferential trade agreements (PTAs). The aim of the paper is to look for other motivations of EU PTAs and to assess their importance for the EU. The main research methods are statistical, review and assessment of WTO documents and critical analysis of literature. First, the present level of tarif protection on selected import markets was estimated. This level illustrates the scale of countries' interest in their elimination of the existing tarifs. Also the share of preferential imports in the EU extra-trade was calculated and compared with trade on MFN basis. Next, reasons for PTAs were identified. eTh conclusions prove that 21st century PTAs are mainly motivated not by a reduction of tarifs but by the willingness to reduce the regulatory barriers (contained in rules on public procurement, environmental protection, etc.). The most dynamic trade nowadays involves flows of accessories and services. In this situation the importance of PTAs results from the fact that they serve as instruments eliminating national regulatory barriers faced by exporters of goods and resources on foreign markets. Thus PTAs support production and sales abroad. In the EU political motivations of PTAs are important as well.
3
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Implikacje TTIP dla Chin

54%
Puślecki Z. W.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
|
2016
|
issue 3
7-39
EN
In this research paper, the author focuses on the analysis of the implicationsof the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) for China. In the recently launched TTIP negotiations between the USA and the European Union, it has been emphasized that the talks will make reducing regulatory barriers a signature issue. The emphasis on overcoming these barriers has generated some excitement, with large figures being offered as estimates of the resulting economic gains. New agreements to remove trade barriers aim at reducing dead-weight costs and increasing net social gains from international trade. This paper examines the problem of regulatory barriers and offers an assessment of what can be achieved. Ideally, the best way to address problems arising from regulatory divergence would be to take into account the relations of the EU and USA with China in terms of multilateral collaboration. The main aim of the paper is the presentation of the TTIP’s implications for China. The particular objective of the research task here is the regulatory trade barriers in the USA-EU foreign trade policy, the nature and the promoters of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), interrelationship between regulatory standards and international cooperation in the TTIP, and TTIP’s impact on China.
PL
W niniejszym artykule Autor koncentruje się na analizie implikacji Transatlantyckiego Partnerstwa Handlowego i Inwestycjnego (TTIP) dla Chin. W ostatnim czasie w związku z negocjacjami w sprawie owego TTIP między USA a Unią Europejską, podkreślano, że rozmowy te mają doprowadzić do redukcji barier regulacyjnych, a to z kolei miało doprowadzić do istotnych korzyści ekonomicznych. W niniejszym artykule analizuje się problem barier regulacyjnych i dokonuje się oceny tego, co może zostać w związku z tym osiągnięte. Idealnie, najlepszym sposobem, aby rozwiązać problemy wynikające z rozbieżności regulacyjnych byłoby, na zasadzie wielostronnej współpracy, również uwzględniać stosunki UE i USA z Chinami. Głównym celem artykułu jest prezentacja implikacji TTIP dla Chin. W szczególności celem badawczym pozostają m.in. regulacyjne bariery handlowe polityki handlu zagranicznego w stosunkach transatlantyckich USA–UE, oraz specyfiki TTIP.
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