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EN
The goal of this article is to show how the history of Polish-Russian relations was presented in textbooks on the national history of the Russian Empire written by Moisey Ostrogorsky (1854-1921). To this end, a textual analysis was carried out.
EN
Polish-Russian relations seem to be heavily burdened by historical experience. History in- fluences the present not only indirectly, via historical facts, but also via the ways of commem- orating them. Referring to their memories, social groups strengthen the sense of their own uniqueness and cultural identity. One of the ways to commemorate events are anniversary celebrations accompanied by a certain political rhetoric. The author analyzes the texts, press releases, commentaries and an- niversary speeches given by politicians to commemorate the Katyñ massacre published by the „Gazeta Wyborcza” and „Rzeczpospolita” daily in April 1990, 2000 and 2010. Among the figures of memory identified in the analyzed texts which are typical of the Pol- ish-Russian dialogue concerning the Katyñ issue over the period of 1990–2010, there prevails a certain group of topoi appropriated by the language of politics from Christianity, and pre- cisely from the sacrament of confession. These topoi are based on reconciliation and compen- sation. Other topoi involve those of a victim, righteous Russian or a common field of memory.
EN
The objective of the article is a qualitative analysis of the results of interviews conducted with representatives of political parties from the Warmia-Mazury Region as concerns Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation and Polish-Russian relations in the platforms of political parties. The study demonstrated that the representatives of all political parties interviewed acknowledge the importance of Polish-Russian relations, both in their party platforms and in the political life of the Warmia-Mazury Region. Party representatives emphasize the importance of Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation for the functioning of the regional political scene. Most respondents believe that inhabitants of the region have a positive attitude to Russia and the idea of cross-border cooperation.
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza jakościowa wyników wywiadów, przeprowadzonych z przedstawicielami ugrupowań politycznych z województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego pod kątem miejsca polsko-rosyjskiej współpracy transgranicznej oraz relacji polsko-rosyjskich w programach partii politycznych. Przeprowadzone badanie udowodniło, iż przedstawiciele wszystkich partii politycznych, uwzględnionych w wywiadzie, dostrzegają istotne miejsce relacji polsko-rosyjskich tak w programach swoich partii, jak i w życiu politycznym województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego. Przedstawiciele partii podkreślają znaczenie polsko-rosyjskiej współpracy transgranicznej dla funkcjonowania regionalnej sceny politycznej. Większość respondentów ocenia, iż stosunek mieszkańców regionu do Rosji i idei współpracy transgranicznej jest pozytywny.
RU
Публикация Дневников Виктора Ворошильского заставляет заново перечитать его произведения и посмотреть на его переводческие опыты и достижения в более широком контексте. Поводом для этого являются описанные им в дневнике столкновения с цензурой, постоянные уловки, стратегии, но также и компромиссы, на которые ему приходилось идти, что влияло на итоговый вид и сроки публикации, например, Антологии современной русской поэзии 1880-1967 годов. Особенное внимание в настоящей статье уделено русской литературе и многочисленным переводам писателя, т.е. той сфере творческой деятельности, которая лишь на первый взгляд казалась удобным способом продолжать печататься. Читая дневниковые записи, мы убеждаемся, что иногда не имело значения, кого именно Ворошильский переводил: отказ от публикации вызывала сама его фамилия. В статье автор касается не только дневниковых «кулис» создания литературных биографий и переводов, но и лекций о русской литературе, которые Ворошильский читал в Обществе научных курсов, и встречи польских и русских писателей в Радзеевицях.
EN
The publication of Wiktor Woroszylski’s Dzienniki (Diaries) encourages one to reread his pieces, but also to present a wider, contextual depiction of his undertakings and translational accomplishments. In respect of this, the pretext are the struggles with censorship as recorded in the diaries, the everyday evasions and strategies, but also the compromises which one had to make, all of which had a direct influence on the final form and timing of publication of, for example, "Antologia nowoczesnej poezji rosyjskiej 1880-1967" [An Anthology of Modern Russian Poetry 1880-1967]. An area of special interest in the present article is Russian literature and numerous translations, that is those areas of creative endeavour which only seemingly appeared to be comfortable ways of remaining within the publishing circuits. Upon reading the diary notes we realise that, with time, it no longer matters who Woroszylski is translating – just his surname is significant enough that it predetermines a refusal to publish. In the present article, the author relates not only to the behind-the-scenes of the origins of literary biographies and translations based on the diaries. The author also refers to the lectures on Russian literature given as part of the Towarzystwo Kursów Naukowych [The Academic Courses Association], as well as the meetings of Polish and Russian writers in Radziejowice.
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