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Au carrefour des points de vue sur le discours rapporté : à propos des théorisations du discours rapporté en français et en polonais

100%
Biardzka E., Komur-Thilloy G.
Orbis Linguarum
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2018
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issue 50
7–18
FR
At the crossroads of the approaches of reported speech : about the French and Polish theorising of reported speech This study presents the theoretical framework of a research project which, in a comparative perspective, deals with the linguistic and discursive question of reported speech in the Polish and French print media. The objective of this contribution is to discuss the fundamental theoretical points of this project, which are related firstly to the comparative approach, and secondly to the theorising of reported speech in grammars and linguistic studies, in order to show the differences in the treatment of reported speech in the French and Polish research.
2

Stratégie du discours rapporté dans la presse écrite polonaise dans une perspective comparative avec la presse écrite française. Cas du discours indirect

88%
Komur-Thilloy G.
Romanica Wratislaviensia
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2013
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vol. 60
25 – 33
EN
In this paper, we study the language conveyed by the Polish print media in a comparative perspective with the French print media. We ask ourselves how the speech of different speakers can be introduced by the journalist. In such a way, the forms of reported speech are the main object of our analysis. We focus on how journalists use formal and enunciative technics, first to protect themselves in terms of exactness of reported speech, second, to distance themselves from reported speech punctuality. We try to identify syntactic structures and mechanisms allowing journalists, entirely keeping impartiality, to guide the lecturer’s interpretation.
3
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Mowa niezależna w przekazie medialnym a podstawowe funkcje informacji dziennikarskiej (część 2)

88%
Grzelka M., Kula A.
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
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2011
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vol. 18
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issue 2
21-34
PL
This article reports part of a research project currently carried out by the authors devoted to the analysis of quoted speech used by Polish journalists in their discourse after 1989. The first part of the article was published in the previous volume of Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. The present part focuses on the characteristics of the participants (parties) in journalistic information. Prevailing and determining factors related to the number and the type of participants in journalistic information are presented, and fundamental functions of speech verbs (verba dicenti) are indicated. Citation is the most explicit form of inclusion of other-discourse in one’s discourse. The second part of the study provides more detailed analysis that includes the following categories: the category of witnesses, experts (practitioners) and that of experts (theoreticians). The third part of the article is due to be published soon.
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Embedded Inversion Worldwide

75%
Kolbe D., Sand A.
Linguaculture
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2010
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vol. 2010
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issue 1
25-42
EN
The inversion of (auxiliary) verb and subject in subordinate interrogative clauses (embedded inversion, or EI) is a feature that occurs in many non-standard varieties of English, especially in varieties that have developed in language contact situations, such as Irish English, East African English or Indian English. Various sources of origin have been proposed in previous research, among them substrate influence or transfer errors of learners in language contact situation. This paper introduces the phenomenon in question and provides an overview of previous research. Drawing on data of the International Corpus of English (ICE), it then presents the results of probabilistic statistic analyses (logistic regression) in order to identify which external and internal factors are strongest in elciting the inverted word order.
5
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Narrativity discovered and narrativity uncovered : narration and narrativisation in related political discourse

63%
Smith S.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2019
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vol. 80
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issue 2
83-104
EN
This paper provides fresh insights about media representations of political debates as highly agonistic environments, and in addition about narratively related (reported) speech as a transformative technique favoured by journalists to report on televised political debates in the next day’s newspaper. In doing so it also demonstrates a method (using the discourse analysis software Prospéro) for detecting and analysing formulaic semantico-discursive phrases that recur in large textual corpuses. Following a theoretical approach rooted in the ideas of polyphony and narrativisation as an act of translation, it describes two formulas with a strong narrative and argumentative dimension, X udělal B, když řekl A (In saying A, X did B) and Jak X řekl, … (As X said, …). I show how both are deployed to support the reporter’s rendition of the debates as ongoing argumentative contests, the first to “uncover” the drama behind what was said, the second to project a mission or scenario “discovered” in the words of an authority. A reporter who uses the phrase In saying A, X did B is performing narrativisation, whereas one who uses the phrase As X said, … is performing critical or apologetic co-narration.
CS
Studie nabízí nový pohled jednak na mediální reprezentaci politické debaty jako prostředí vysoce agonistického, jednak na narativně reprodukovanou řeč jako oblíbenou transformační techniku novinářů píšících o nedělních televizních politických debatách pro pondělní noviny. Zároveň představuje metodu detekce a analýzy sémanticko-diskurzivních řečových formulí ve velkých textových korpusech (pomocí diskurzněanalytického softwaru Prospéro). Studie vychází teoreticky z pojmů vícehlasí a narativizace chápané jako proces překladu, v němž se řečové akty proměňují v narativní fragmenty. Analýza se soustředí na dvě formule se silnou narativní i argumentační dimenzí: ‚X udělal B, když řekl A‘ a ‚Jak X řekl, …‘ Ukazuje, jak jsou obě formule používány, aby podpořily referujícím nabízenou verzi debaty jako pokračující soutěže argumentů: první „odhaluje“ v citovaných slovech dramatičnost, druhá předkládá misi nebo scénář, jež referující v citovaných slovech „objevuje“. Použije-li novinář formuli ‚X udělal B, když řekl A‘, citovanou událost narativizuje, zatímco použije-li formuli ‚Jak X řekl, …‘, účastní se kritické nebo apologetické ko-narace.
FR
Ce texte apporte un nouveau regard à la fois sur les représentations médiatiques des débats politiques vus comme des environnements hautement agonistiques, mais aussi sur le discours dit narrativisé en tant que technique de transformation en faveur chez les journalistes pour relater des débats télévisés dans les quotidiens du lendemain. Ce faisant, il établit également la démonstration d’une méthode (à l’aide du programme Prospéro) pour détecter et analyser des formules sémantico-discursives dans de grands corpus textuels. Partant d’un cadre théorique ancré dans les idées de la polyphonie et de la narrativisation comme acte de traduction, l’article prend deux formules comportant une forte dimension tant narrative que argumentative: ‹ X udělal B , když řekl A › (En disant A, X a fait B) et ‹ Jak X řekl, … › (Comme l’a dit X, …). Je montre comment celles-ci sont déployées pour soutenir des restitutions des débats construites par le journaliste comme des duels argumentatifs, la première afin de « dévoiler » le drame derrière ce qui a été dit, la deuxième afin de projeter une mission ou un scénario « découvert » dans les mots d’une autorité. Si un journaliste qui utilise la tournure ‹ En disant A, X a fait B › effectue une narrativisation, celui qui emploie ‹ Comme l’a dit X, … › réalise une co-narration critique ou apologétique.
6
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Prozodické aspekty reprodukované řeči v konverzačních příbězích

63%
Zaepernicková E., Havlík M.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
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2017
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vol. 8
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issue 2
36-62
EN
This article presents the findings of a study on the prosodic aspects of reported speech in informal conversations. The majority of the material was recorded by speakers themselves in the hope that this would eliminate the Observer’s Paradox. First, instances of reported speech were chosen and then prosodic differences between these instances and ambient speech were identified. The voice qualities used by the speakers to index different affective states and personal qualities of others were further examined, and an auditive as well as an instrumental analysis of the speech signal was performed. The findings suggest that the use of specific prosodic devices is not an individual matter but rather a conventionalized one. Changes in F0 level and level of intensity are the most frequent prosodic aspects. Strong rhythmicity of reported speech occurrences is also quite frequent. Prosodic features function mainly on the principle of contrast (i.e. in direct relation to non-reported speech) and are used in a complex manner. The same bundles of voice qualities are used by different speakers to construct almost stereotypical images of concrete personas.
7
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Syntax mluvené češtiny jako nástroj subjektivizašních postupů v prózách P. Soukupové

51%
Hoffmannová J.
Stylistyka
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2016
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vol. 25
229-252
EN
The first part of this study is an attempt to summarize Czech theories which develop the topic of reported speech (forms of presenting speech) and reported thought in literary works, that is, the use of direct speech/thought, indirect speech/thought, free direct speech/thought and free indirect speech/thought. Special attention is devoted to the internal monologue (the “reproduction” of unspoken utterances which only occurs as thoughts), most often based upon the alternation of free direct speech/thought and free indirect speech/thought, and how it is made into dialogue. This theoretical summary is based mainly on the works of L. Dole el, but on other authors as well (J. Haller, J. Hoffmannová, R. Adam, D. Hodrová, J. Koten and others). In the second part, these theories are applied in an analysis of texts by the young Czech author Petra Soukupová. In her individual works, we demonstrate coinciding as well as differing ways of subjectivizing the narrative: the narrator’s identification with the characters, the use of ich-forms, various forms of reproduction speech and thoughts (including hypothetical utterances) and the dialogized construction of internal monologues. The final part of the text focuses on the way in which typical elements of spoken Czech, above all syntactic ones, are utilized in the reproduction/reporting of the speech as well as the thoughts, reflections, and feelings of Petra Soukupová’s characters. On the one hand, there are linguistic means used to achieve reduction: the minimalization of expressions, concision and fragmentation (ellipsis, mainly the omission of the finite verb, parceling, in- dependent sentence elements, list structures, infinitive constructions). On the other hand, there is juxtaposition, which enables the free addition of syntactic units, which is often used for the associative construction of the internal monologue.
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