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1

The teenager as the patient: influence of social factors on medical activity of teenagers in the field of reproductive health

100%
Surmach M.
Progress in Health Sciences
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2012
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vol. 2
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issue 2
43-51
EN
Background: Teenagers tend to abandon the programs of preventive and therapeutic medical care established for them in infancy by their pediatricians and parents. Purpose: To assess the influence of social factors on the health behaviours of Belarusian teenagers in the field of reproductive health. Material and methods: We analyzed the medical activity of Belarusian teenagers ages 15 to 18 during (March through June 2010) using a questionnaire. The sample of 463 females and 486 males representatively reflects the set of teenagers of Belarus. Results: In the group of adolescents interviewed, it was revealed that medical activity was insufficient; medical knowledge is mismatched with their requirements for health. Among social factors, such as accommodation, education of parents, socioeconomic status, and family structure, the last one appeared to be the most significant. Within families, teenagers more often received information concerning reproductive health from their mothers. Problems related to reproductive health were ranked differently depending on the age and gender of the teenagers. A positive dependence on timely reference for medical aid based on the educational level of parents was found. Conclusions: The medical activity of teenagers is insufficient, and their health care knowledge in the field of reproductive health does not align with their requirements for health
2
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Salivary microbial diversity – an investigation on possible biomarkers for polycystic ovarian syndrome from eastern India

88%
Ghosh K., Chakraborty S., Chatterjee D., Ratan Bandyopadhyay A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2023
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issue 4
736-741
EN
Introduction and aim. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the major reproductive health issues, thought to be multifactorial, needs serious attention as a dual burden (health and economic) mainly for developing countries like India, due to its rapid rise (30%) in the last couple of years. Therefore, widespread and liberal screening for this disorder towards prognosis, diagnosis and intervention seems to be an urgent area of research. In this background, the present study attempts to unravel the association of salivary microbial diversity and PCOS. Material and methods. To achieve the purpose 100 clinically diagnosed PCOS individuals and 110 age matched non-PCOS participants from Bengalee Hindu caste population, West Bengal, India was considered. Obtained salivary samples were identified with 16S rDNA amplification and microbial diversity were determined by Alu I restriction enzyme digestion. Results. The present study revealed an explicit pattern of DNA fragment lengths varied between 200 bp and 225 bp in PCOs in comparison to the non-PCOS group. Conclusion. The cardinal feature of the present study as the first attempt from India envisaged, utilization of salivary microbial diversity as an additional potential and economizing biomarker for PCOS that stimulate new horizon of research in 21st century’s anthropology – the anthropology of microbes.
3
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“Gender troubled” – from the production and reproduction of masculinity to the forms of overcrossing gender: Masculinity, sexuality and procreation. Reproductive rights and health as not only women’s issue

75%
Dzwonkowska-Godula K.
Miscellanea Anthropologica et Sociologica
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2017
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vol. 18(2)
144-167
EN
The aim of the article is to investigate men’s reproductive rights and reproductive health. I want to answer questions concerning men’s freedom and autonomy in decisions about their own sexuality and fertility and about restrictions imposed on them by the society through informal and formal social norms. The research refers to such fields of reproductive rights as sex education, fertility and reproductive health control and are based on the analysis of secondary data (publications, law regulations, results of social research, media coverage, websites) related to male sexuality and procreation. In the first part of the paper the model of hegemonic masculinity is presented, with particular emphasis on the elements relating to sexuality and procreation. The second part of the article refers to the impact of this model on the implementation of reproductive rights of Polish men in three mentioned above areas of reproductive rights. The analysis of the results of the previous research and literature on the subject resulted in formulating a hypothesis that male reproductive rights are limited not by formal, legal norms (as is the case of women, for example access to contraception or abortion), but by cultural norms – patriarchal, hegemonic concept of masculinity and male sexuality.
4
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Air pollution and semen parameters in men seeking fertility treatment for the first time

75%
Wdowiak A., Wdowiak E., Bień A., Bojar I., Iwanowicz-Palus G., Raczkiewicz D.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2019
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vol. 32
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issue 3
387-399
EN
Objectives The purpose of this paper was to analyze the relationship between the selected chemical air pollutants found in the Lublin Province and the semen parameters of men seeking fertility treatment for the first time. Material and Methods The study involved an analysis of semen sample test results obtained from male patients first reporting for fertility treatment in reproductive health centers in the Lublin Province, Poland. The data set comprises semen parameters of 13 148 men, and the number of samples in the reference period was 255–769 annually. Data on air pollution were obtained from the website of the Polish General Environmental Inspectorate and included selected chemical air pollutant levels, i.e., NO₂, SO₂, O₃, and PM₁₀. Results The mean PM₁₀ levels in the air increased, on average, by 0.65 μg/m₃ annually in 2000–2015 (p = 0.029); the mean levels of O₃, NO₂, SO₂ did not change significantly in the analyzed period. There were increasing trends in the mean sperm density and total sperm count of the subjects in 1992–2015 (p < 0.001). The mean percentage of sperm with normal morphology significantly decreased in the subsequent analysis periods: 1992–1998 (p = 0.001); 1999–2009 (p < 0.001); 2010–2015 (p = 0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between the ozone levels in the air in the Lublin Province and the percentage of sperm with normal morphology (r = –0.8311, p = 0.040). Conclusions Exposure to ozone in the air contributes to decreased percentages of sperm with normal sperm morphology. Over the years, there was an increasing trend in sperm density in the men first reporting for fertility treatment, and a decreasing trend in the percentage of sperm with normal morphology. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(3):387–99
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The investigation of the impact of education on sexual health/ reproductive health knowledge levels of nurses and midwives in extraordinary situations – evidence from Turkey

75%
Cirban Ekrem E., Kuş T., Erkmen E., Dursun N.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2023
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issue 4
802-811
EN
Introduction and aim. In extraordinary situations, sexual/reproductive health services are very important for the health of the whole society, especially women and children. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of training provided on sexual health/reproductive health during extraordinary situations on the knowledge levels of nurses and midwives. Material and methods. The research was conducted using a single-group pre-test-post-test follow-up test measurement quasi-experimental design. It was completed between November 2021–June 2022 with 140 participants working in a province in Turkey. The data were collected with the “Descriptive Information Form” and the “Sexual Health and Reproductive Health Knowledge Assessment Form for Extraordinary Situations”. Training was given with the Sexual Health/Reproductive Health Training Booklet for Extraordinary Situations. Results. It was found that the participants scored 20.82±4.47 on the Sexual Health and Reproductive Health Knowledge Assessment Form for Extraordinary Situations in the pre-test, 27.63±2.67 in the post-test, and 27.07±3.46 in the follow-up test. As a result of the training, it was determined that the difference between the scores they got from the Sexual Health and Reproductive Health Knowledge Assessment Form for Extraordinary Situations was due to the pre-test (p<0.05). Conclusion. In the study, the participants scored above the average in the pre-test, while they achieved significantly higher scores in the post-test and follow-up test. This shows that the training given to nurses and midwives is effective.
6
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Wiedza i opinie studentów kierunków medycznych wobec wybranych kwestii zdrowia seksualnego osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną

51%
Parchomiuk (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-4242); M., Trojanowska (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4021-7509); A.
Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo
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2018
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issue 4(42)
67-87
PL
Osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną potrzebują opieki i edukacji w zakresie zdrowia seksualnego i kontroli płodności. Zamierzeniem badań było poznanie wiedzy i opinii studentów kierunków medycznych na temat wybranych aspektów zdrowia seksualnego osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Badania ankietowe przeprowadzono wśród 140 studentów (średnia wieku 25,6 ± 5,5 lat) lubelskich uczelni kierunków: lekarskiego, pielęgniarstwa i położnictwa. Wiedza i opinie studentów kierunków medycznych na temat przejawów seksualności osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną, czy jej realizacji w związkach partnerskich, są zróżnicowane. Studenci w większości uznają potrzeby seksualne osób z niepełnosprawnością i to, że są one zdolne do małżeństwa i prokreacji. Uznają też ich prawo do profilaktyki zaburzeń zdrowia seksualnego. Ponadto studenci dostrzegają potrzebę poprawy komunikacji i opieki medycznej nad osobami z niepełnosprawnością. Kierunek kształcenia różnicuje postawy tylko w nielicznych kwestiach, np. sterylizacji osób niepełnosprawnych czy przygotowania niepełnosprawnych kobiet do okresu menopauzy. Stwierdzono bardzo niski poziom udziału badanych w edukacji akademickiej obejmującej problemy zdrowia seksualnego osób z niepełnosprawnością czy zagadnienia samej niepełnosprawności. W przyszłości może to stanowić czynnik ryzyka dla dyskryminacji i przedmiotowego traktowania osób z niepełnosprawnością ze strony praktykujących specjalistów. Istnieje zatem konieczność intensyfikacji działań edukacyjnych w tym zakresie jeszcze w toku studiów.
EN
People with intellectual disabilities need care and education in the field of sexual health and fertility control. The intention of the research was to learn about the knowledge and opinions of medical students about the selected aspects of the sexual health of people with intellectual disabilities. The survey was conducted among 140 students (average age 25.6 ± 5.5 years) of Lublin universities of medical, nursing and midwifery courses. The knowledge and opinions of medical students about manifestations of sexuality of people with intellectual disabilities (or its implementation in partner relationships) are diverse. Most students accept the sexual needs of people with disabilities and the fact that they are capable of marriage and procreation. They also recognize their right to prevent sexual health disorders. What is more, the students recognize the need to improve communication and medical care for people with disabilities. The direction of education differentiates the attitudes concerning only a few issues, e.g. sterilization of disabled people or preparation of disabled women for the period of menopause. A very low level of participation of respondents in academic education concerning problems of sexual health of disabled people or the issue of disability itself was found. In the future, this might become a risk factor for discrimination against disabled people as well as treating them as objects by practicing specialists. Thus there is the need to intensify education in this area early during the studies.
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Problemy zdrowia reprodukcyjnego kobiet z niepełnosprawnością

51%
Parchomiuk (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0756-4242); M.
Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo
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2019
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issue 2(44)
83-98
PL
Przedmiotem opracowania są zagadnienia zdrowia reprodukcyjnego kobiet z niepełnosprawnością. Na podstawie literatury przedmiotu dokonano ogólnej analizy problemów, które mogą wystąpić w tym zakresie w związku z niepełnosprawnością fizyczną (ruchową i sensoryczną) oraz intelektualną. Zwrócono uwagę na takie kwestie, jak biologiczne podstawy płodności, przebieg menstruacji, ciąża i poród, przebieg reakcji seksualnych, antykoncepcja, menopauza, udział w badaniach. W opracowaniu poddano również analizie doświadczenia kobiet z różnym rodzajem niepełnosprawności związane z dostępem i jakością usług zdrowotnych w obszarze zdrowia reprodukcyjnego. Szczególnym źródłem takich doświadczeń, zebranych w toku licznych eksploracji, są relacje ze specjalistami. W wyniku analizy przeglądowej wyłoniono znaczące kategorie doświadczeń oraz dokonano ich zilustrowania. W zakończeniu artykułu, nawiązując do postulatów formułowanych przez kobiety, określono ogólne wskazania praktyczne, istotne dla jakości realizacji potrzeb zdrowotnych niepełnosprawnych.
EN
The subject of this article is the reproductive health of women with disabilities. Based on the literature of the subject, a general analysis of problems that may occur in this area in relation to physical (motor and sensory) and intellectual disability has been made. Issues such as; the biological basis of fertility, the course of menstruation, pregnancy and childbirth, the process of sexual reactions, contraception, menopause, as well as participation in examinations are discussed. The authors also point to difficulties and disorders, explaining their possible, mostly biological, causes. The article also analyzes experiences of women with various disabilities related to the access andquality of health services in the field of reproductive health. A special source of such experiences, obtained in the course of numerous explorations, is the relationship with specialists. Significant categories of experiences were selected and illustrated as a result of review analysis. At the end of the work referring to the postulates formulated by women, general practical implications have been presented, which are important for the quality of meeting health needs of people with disability.
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