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1

Jaki kształt kary ograniczenia wolności?

100%
Szczygieł G. B.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2016
|
vol. 40
63-78
EN
The paper is analysis of restriction of liberty from the emergence of this remedy till the most recent, very far reaching changes. The concept of a work-based criminal remedy has been known in Polish criminal law for a long time. Successive forms of this remedy have yet to fulfil the expectations associated with it. If so far no form of this remedy, including its probational elements, has convinced the courts to opt for it more often, per­haps the catalogue of criminal remedies listed in Article 32 of the Criminal Code should be expanded to include “community work”. Some steps towards introducing such a pro­posal have already been taken; at the moment the duties of professional probation officers include organisation and control of sentence enforcement.
2

Wykonywanie kary ograniczenia wolności przez zawodowego kuratora sądowego — ewolucja czy rewolucja? Rozważania w świetle 20 lat obowiązywania kodeksu karnego wykonawczego

100%
Niewiadomska-Krawczyk M.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2019
|
vol. 54
183-200
EN
The study focuses on the issues of the professional participation of a court-appointed guardian for adults in the process of executing the penalty of restriction of liberty. The changes in the process of executing the penalty of restriction of liberty that have taken place over the last 20 years raise the following questions to which the answer should be found. How have the duties of a professional probation officer changed related to the execution of the penalty of restriction of liberty? What impact did the individual amendments to the Criminal Code and the Executive Penal Code of 1997 have on the tasks of a probation officer related to the execution of the restriction of liberty?
3

Wszczęcie i data zakończenia postępowania w przedmiocie wykonania kary ograniczenia wolności

100%
Kalisz T.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2016
|
vol. 40
11-23
EN
The paper focuses on the problems associated with the instigation and closure of enforcement proceedings concerning restriction of liberty. In the case of restriction of liberty, the moments in question are regulated by several separate provisions: Article 57a of the Criminal Enforcement Code, Article 64 of the Criminal Enforcement Code and Article 83 of the Criminal Code. The starting date of the restriction of liberty sentence period is by no means obvious and leads to very individual problems. Precise indication of this date is crucial to the determination of the date of the end of the sentence period as well as legal consequences associated with this date.
4

Z problematyki kary ograniczenia wolności w świetle nowelizacji kodeksu karnego

100%
Sienkiewicz Z.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2018
|
vol. 48
47-65
EN
In the present article the author examines the question of restriction of liberty in the light of the amended Criminal Code of 2015. In the new Civil Code restriction of liberty has become a means of a flexible response to a crime, making it possible to shape the severity of this penalty in a variety of ways. The amended provisions of the Criminal Code have considerably expanded the scope of its application, making it possible to impose this penalty not only in the case of petty and medium-severity but also serious offences. Restriction of liberty has become a penalty competing with fines and, above all, with suspended custodial sentence, the application of which, under the new provisions, should be considerably limited.
5
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Orzekanie kary ograniczenia wolności przez Kolegium do spraw wykroczeń przy Prezydencie miasta Elbląga w latach 1972-1974

88%
Zarębska E.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Kryminologicznego im. prof. Stanisława Batawii
|
2017
|
vol. 24
79-88
EN
The article is a concise presentation of assembled statistic data about predication restriction of liberty in Elblag in years 1972-1974. Data disclose, that restriction of liberty was rarely used and executing of this penalty elicit a lot of precariousness.
6

Odroczenie wykonania kary z zastosowaniem dozoru elektronicznego w świetle nowelizacji Kodeksu karnego wykonawczego z 20 lutego 2015 r.

88%
Mrozek K.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2015
|
vol. 37
157-166
EN
This article concentrates around the institution of deferral of the commencement of electronic monitoring. It is abrand new solution, introduced to the law order with the Act of 20th February 2015 amending the Act — Penal Code and other acts. In the scope of the author’s interest there is not only the punishment of restriction of liberty, mentioned in Art. 34 § 1a point 2 but also specified punitive as well as safeguard measures. In the deliberations on the subject particular attention has been paid to the basis for applying this institution and the means of the right conduct after the deadline for the total period of suspension of the execution of a sentence.
7

Kary sekwencyjne orzeczone na podstawie art. 37b k.k. — wybrane problemy związane z ich wykonaniem

75%
Raglewska J.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2019
|
vol. 54
201-222
EN
The article concerns problems with the execution of the sequence of two punishments: imprisonment and restriction of liberty, imposed on the basis of Art. 37b of the Penal Code. This paper begins with a review of the literature on terminology or the term: “mixed penalty.” We cannot discuss this problem without considering also concrete examples of aims and functions of the new institution. The author presents considerations regarding modifications of carrying out penalties, e.g. application of conditional release, serving a sentence in electronic supervision in the context of the author’s own research.
8

The substitute forms of primary penalties executions within petty offenses

75%
Liżyńska K.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2016
|
vol. 42
53-64
EN
A penalty is a reaction of the state on a prohibited act, with the help of which the legislator performs against the perpetrator of a criminal act the objectives of a general prevention, a special prevention, or an equitable retribution. To meet those objectives the penalty should be executed. It is impossible not to notice that the penalty initially meted out to the perpetrator may not always be executed. Therefore, implementation of the substitute forms of penalty, which on the one hand neutralize the effects of not execut­ing the original penalty, and on the other - they are a guarantee of a sense of punishing the perpetrators, as well as achieving the objectives of penalty, prove to be necessary. It should be considered whether current substitute forms of the fine penalty and restriction of liberty meet expected by the legislature goals.
9

Key problems relating to the enforcement of restriction of liberty in Poland. Remarks in the context of changes in criminal enforcement law

75%
Kwieciński A.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2015
|
vol. 38
105-114
EN
The legislator’s attempts to improve the existing legal regulations concerning the enforcement of restriction of liberty, attempts made since 1997, have so far failed to bring the expected results. Today, when on the eve of a major reform of criminal law this sanction has been assigned important tasks in the fight against petty and medium-severity crime, efficient mechanisms of its enforcement seem particularly essential. The present study is an attempt to show the evolution of enforcement proceedings in this respect, including the most recent amendments of February 2015.
10
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Orzekanie kary ograniczenia wolności przez Kolegium do spraw wykroczeń przy Prezydencie miasta Elbląga w latach 1972-1974

65%
Zarębska E.
Biuletyn Kryminologiczny
|
2017
|
issue 24
79-88
EN
The article is a concise presentation of assembled statistic data about predication restriction of liberty in Elblag in years 1972-1974. Data disclose, that restriction of liberty was rarely used and executing of this penalty elicit a lot of precariousness.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł jest zwięzłą analizą danych statystycznych dotyczących orzekania kary ograniczenia wolności za wykroczenia w Elblągu w pierwszych latach obowiązywania Kodeksu wykroczeń. Zostało to skonfrontowane z obecną praktyką orzeczniczą w Polsce. Celem tego opracowania jest ukazanie znaczenia kary ograniczenia wolności w polskim systemie karnym.   The article is a concise presentation of assembled statistic data about predication restriction of liberty in Elblag in years 1972-1974. Data disclose, that restriction of liberty was rarely used and executing of this penalty elicit a lot of precariousness.
11
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The Issue of the Execution of the Penalty of Restriction of Liberty in the Form of Deduction of Part of the Remuneration

63%
Baran-Wesołowska B.
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
|
2022
|
vol. 4(XXII)
195-207
PL
Artykuł przedstawia problematykę związaną z wykonaniem kary ograniczenia wolności w formie potrącenia z wynagrodzenia. Analizie został poddany aspekt pojęciowy, podmiotowy, a także problematyka wybranych zagadnień proceduralnych.
EN
The article presents the issues related to the execution of the penalty of restriction of liberty in the form of a deduction from the remuneration. The publication analyses the notional and subjective aspects, as well as selected procedural issues.
12
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Polityka karna sądów w sprawach o przestępstwa przeciwko rodzinie i opiece w latach 2008–2018

63%
Dajnowicz-Piesiecka D.
Forum Polityki Kryminalnej
|
2021
|
issue 1
1-11
EN
The article concerns the criminal policy of courts in cases concerning offenses against the family and guardianship in 2008–2018. The study presents the results of the analysis of statistical data illustrating the judicial tendencies of criminal courts in cases of offenses specified in Chapter XXVI of the Penal Code. The text tries to answer the question: did the changes in criminal law that took place in 2015 and 2017 influenced to some extent the jurisprudence on crime against the family and care? In the article, the amendments from these two years were analyzed with particular attention, as one of them was essential for the entire criminal law system in Poland, while the other was extremely important, especially in the context of crimes harmingthe welfare of the family and care.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy polityki karnej sądów w sprawach o przestępstwa przeciwko rodzinie i opiece w latach 2008–2018. W opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki analizy sądowych danych statystycznych obrazujących tendencje orzecznicze sądów karnych w sprawach o przestępstwa określone w XXVI rozdziale kodeksu karnego. W tekście starano się przede wszystkim odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy zmiany w prawie karnym, które miały miejsce w 2015 i 2017 r. – spośród których jedna miała istotne znaczenie dla całego systemu prawa karnego w Polsce, druga zaś okazała się niezwykle ważka zwłaszcza w kontekście przestępstw godzących w dobro rodziny i opieki – wpłynęły w jakimś zakresie na orzecznictwo skazujące sprawców przestępstw przeciwko rodzinie oraz opiece.
13
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Papieskie rozumienie wolności religijnej i godności osobistej więźniów

51%
Nikołajew J.
Nurt SVD
|
2014
|
issue 2
170-188
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest papieskie rozumienie wolności religijnej więźniów i ich godności osobistej. Autor analizuje najpierw stosunek Jana Pawła II do wolności, w tym także wolności religii i sumienia, a potem kwestię podejścia papieża do zagadnień kary (także kary śmierci). Autor zwrócił uwagę na fakt, że Jan Paweł II z godności osoby ludzkiej więźniów wyprowadził ich prawo do wolności religijnej, a karę, w tym karę pozbawienia wolności, uznał za dopuszczalną, jeśli wykonywana jest z uznaniem podmiotowości więźniów. Osobne rozważania poświęcone są papieskiemu nauczaniu adresowanemu do więźniów, zwłaszcza młodych wiekiem, i personelu więziennego. Papież z ojcowską troską traktował młodocianych przestępców, którym systemy wykonawstwa kary powinny umożliwić szansę powrotu do normalnego społeczeństwa. Całość artykułu kończą uwagi o ponadczasowym wymiarze papieskiego ujęcia wolności religijnej osób pozbawionych wolności.
EN
The present article is devoted to the subject of Pope’s understanding of freedom of religious prisoners and their personal dignity. The author first examines John Paul II’s relation towards freedom, including the freedom of religion and conscience, then the question of Pope’s approach towards the issues of punishment (including the death penalty). The present author drew attention to the fact that John Paul II from the human dignity of prisoners derived their right to religious freedom, whereas the punishment, including imprisonment, declared admissible if it is done with the recognition of prisoners’ subjectivity. Separate considerations are devoted to the Papal teaching addressed to prisoners, especially those young ones, and prison staffs. The Pope, with fatherly care, treated juvenile offenders to whom the penalty performance systems should allow a chance to return to normal society. The whole article is summarised by remarks on a timeless dimension of Papal recognition of the religious freedom of people who were deprived of their liberty.
14

Podstawy stosowania kar wolnościowych w kodeksie karnym z 1997 r. po nowelizacji z 20 lutego 2015 r.

51%
Kokot R.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2015
|
vol. 37
39-70
EN
The article is devoted to selected issues of the statutory principles of applying non- custodial penalties introduced into the Polish criminal law system by the amendment of 20th of February 2015. In the preliminary part of the article the basic assumptions of the directions of the reform are presented, together with the aims and the tasks that it is to accomplish.The expression of the essential revaluation in penal policy are regulations of Art. 37a c.c., Art. 37b c.c. and Art. 75a § 1 c.c. discussed in the paper, which in the science of law are believed to be the pillars of that reform and are, according to the legislator’s intentions, to realize the rule of the primacy of non-custodial penalties better than the previous normalizations. The author’s attention is drawn to the most arguable issues in the field of these regulations. Among those issues the most crucial seems to be the matter of their legal nature, the controversies and the doubts arising from the interpretation of the elements of their statutory structure, the premises of implementation and predictable results they can cause in the realm of the justice. The final part of the article comprises comments and reflections devoted to the evaluation of the introduced changes, their validity and purposefulness and to the perspectives of their functioning within the legal system.
15
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Gloss to the Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 11 June 2019 (P 20/17, OTK-A 2019, Item 29)

51%
Nowosad A.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
|
2020
|
vol. 29
|
issue 3
EN
The author agrees with the Constitutional Tribunal’s opinion that Article 87 § 1 of the Penal Code to the extent that it imposes an obligation on the court to combine imprisonment and restriction of liberty and to impose a total penalty of deprivation of liberty after converting the penalty of restriction of liberty into imprisonment is inconsistent with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. In addition, the author raised the problem of ratio legis of Article 87 of the Penal Code and indicated why the deficiencies in regulation were noticed so late in the case law.
PL
Autorka podziela stanowisko Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, że art. 87 § 1 k.k. w zakresie, w jakim nakłada na sąd obowiązek połączenia kar pozbawienia wolności i ograniczenia wolności oraz wymierzenia kary łącznej pozbawienia wolności po dokonaniu zamiany kary ograniczenia wolności na karę pozbawienia wolności, jest niezgodny z Konstytucją RP. Dodatkowo poruszono problem ratio legis art. 87 k.k. i wskazano, dlaczego tak późno w orzecznictwie zostały dostrzeżone mankamenty regulacji.
16
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On the Need to Repeal or Change Art. 87 of the Criminal Code

51%
Nowosad A.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
|
2017
|
vol. 26
|
issue 2
EN
The author postulates that as a consequence of introducing in the Act of 20 February 2015 the institution of simultaneous adjudication of imprisonment and restriction of liberty, the legislator should repeal Art. 87 of the Criminal Code. According to Art. 87 § 1 of the C.C., in the case of conviction for concurrent offences for penalties of deprivation of liberty and restriction of liberty, the court shall impose an aggregate penalty, assuming that one month of restriction of liberty is equal to 15 days of deprivation of liberty. The sequence of penalties introduced in Art. 37b of the C.C. undermines the purpose of Art. 87 § 1 of the C.C. Since the legislator introduced a new concept of sequential execution of penalties, he should not preserve the obligation to convert restriction of liberty into imprisonment.
PL
Wprowadzając reformą z dnia 20 lutego 2015 r. możliwość jednoczesnego orzeczenia kar ograniczenia wolności i pozbawienia wolności, ustawodawca powinien konsekwentnie uchylić art. 87 Kodeksu karnego nakazujący w razie skazania za zbiegające się przestępstwa na kary pozbawienia wolności i ograniczenia wolności wymierzenie obligatoryjnie kary łącznej pozbawienia wolności. Przewidziane w art. 37b k.k. sekwencyjne wykonanie kar dezaktualizuje ratio legis unormowania art. 87 § 1 k.k. Skoro bowiem ustawodawca uznał za słuszną ideę kolejnego wykonania obu kar, nie powinien utrzymywać obowiązku zamiany kary ograniczenia wolności na karę pozbawienia wolności przy karze łącznej.
17

Modyfikacja kary w postępowaniu wykonawczym

38%
Wiciński G.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2017
|
vol. 46
83-106
EN
According to the Corrections Code, execution of penalty or penal measure is subject to fulfillment of corrective and preventive goals. Since the 18th century, progressive tendencies regarding imprisonment indicated the need to corrective influence — motivating the perpetrator to exhibit socially-acceptable behavior in order to prevent his relapse into crime. The system of execution of deprivation of liberty (imprisonment) is called a system of slow progression, which means that the penalty can be modified in case of progress in social adaptation or lack of such. The modification process is related to many procedures during execution of penalty. Based on diverse character of such procedures, one can classify them as incidental or autonomous, the latter leading to modification of penalty, e.g. external or internal, permanent, episodic, conditional or unconditional and others, all of which optimize the possibility of fulfillment of the primary goal of the penalty, that is preventing of relapse into crime.
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