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Ubóstwo emerytów w Polsce

100%
Kalinowski S.
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
|
2014
|
issue 1(1)
29-41
EN
Selected elements of research on factors affecting the level and quality of life of older people in Poland in comparison to other socio-economic groups are presented in the paper. The attention was focused on the level and diversification of pensioners’ household incomes. The author also referred to the structure and amount of expenditures on consumer goods. Greater flattening of incomes in the investigated group, which results, among others, from the roles taken by today’s seniors, was mentioned as well. The issue of poverty risk and the problem of subjective feeling of poverty were also discussed. It was noticed that the feeling concerning economic situation constituted the most important and the most democratic method of determination of the poor fraction. Therefore, the author referred to diverse questions, which aimed at the determination of the amount of people threatened by poverty and actually living in poverty. The questions that concerned the assessment of seniors’ own economic situation and satisfaction of needs as well as the ones which allowed to confront this situation with living conditions of other persons and social groups, were included in the survey. On this basis, it was noticed that the seniors’ assessments were less unambiguous and put them in position of people having average situation. Those questions were used to answer the problem and aim of research, namely if the seniors in Poland in fact lived on low level, both in objective and subjective dimension and, what influenced their poverty. On this basis, it was noticed that the situation of the investigated group was relatively better than the other professionally active groups. Paradoxes of income situation of pensioners’ households in Poland, which often are a source of livelihood or the situation improvement of entire families, particularly in agriculture and in rural areas, and not as they are commonly believed to be beneficiaries of the assistance only, were indicated. It was noticed that a favorable situation of seniors referred to persons who did not have health problems and did not need care. The unpublished data of the Central Statistical Office concerning budgets of households, which the author received in frames of the research project No UMO-2011/01/B/HS5/01034, financed by the National Science Centre, “Level of life of people with uncertain incomes in Poland” were used in the paper and constitute part of the project.
2
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Geographical mobility among retired US migrants living in the Northwestern region of Mexico bordering California, US

75%
Lardiés-Bosque R.
Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series
|
2016
|
vol. 32
|
issue 32
105-116
EN
Mexico has become a regular destination for retirees coming from the USA. To date certain aspects of this group of migrants have been analysed, but little is known about those who have changed their place of residence to the Mexico- US border. In this article, the geographical mobility among retired US migrants living in the coastal area of northern Baja California, Mexico, is analysed. Firstly, reasons for retirees moving from the USA to this area are considered, and secondly, the contacts and relationships maintained with the country of origin, measured by the mobility which takes place between both countries; attention will be given to the reasons for these frequent trips, their periodicity, the means of transport used and the impacts. The main source of analysis will be 29 in-depth interviews conducted in 2009 with pensioners living in coastal municipalities of this northern area of Mexico.
3

Metoda k-średnich w segmentacji emerytów na podstawie priorytetów życiowych

63%
Olejnik I., Skikiewicz R.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
|
2013
|
issue 916
83-94
PL
W artykule porównano wyniki segmentacji emerytów metodą k-średnich na podstawie zestawu zmiennych behawioralnych oraz zestawu zmiennych behawioralnych i demograficzno-ekonomicznych. Posługując się zestawem cech behawioralnych, otrzymano segmenty emerytów wykazujące znaczne różnice w zakresie priorytetów życiowych oraz stosunkowo niewielkie różnice w zakresie profili demograficzno-ekonomicznych. Z kolei w przypadku segmentacji opartej na połączonym zestawie zmiennych behawioralnych oraz demograficzno-ekonomicznych większy wpływ na ostateczny wynik grupowania wywierały cechy demograficzno-ekonomiczne. Segmenty emerytów stały się łatwiej identyfikowalne, jednak różnice w zakresie cech behawioralnych uległy zmniejszeniu.
EN
The article compares the results of the segmentation of retirees done using the k-means method on the basis of a set of behavioural variables and a combined set of behavioural, demographic and economic variables. On the basis of the behavioural set, segments of retirees which showed significant differences in the area of life priorities were obtained. Between these groups there were relatively small differences in their demographic and economic profile. In the case of the segmentation done on the basis of the combined set of variables, the results of segmentation were influenced to a greater extent by the demographic and economic variables. The segments of retirees became more easily identifiable, but the differences in the area of behavioural features decreased.
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