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EN
Research shows that although most children violate important behavioral norms at some point in time, it is possible to distinguish among them those who do so more intensely, engaging in physical and verbal aggression, abusing drugs, cigarettes and alcohol, stealing, committing acts of vandalism or failing to follow the rules set by adults. Not all of these behaviors are identified in time by the institutions of formal and informal social control, thus giving ground for their escalation. These behaviors, taking different form and level of representiality, disturb school order. The article refers to the data relating to the situation in American schools in the last decade of the 20th century and the two decades of the 21st century, and to the results of international surveys, which indicate a drop in the age of young people engaging in risky behaviour. Attention was also paid to changes in teenagers’ everyday activities, criminalization and the medicalisation of school discipline.
PL
Korzystanie z technologii informacyjnych staje się integralną częścią współczesnej edukacji. Artykuł ma na celu podkreślenie faktu, że technologie informatyczne mogą także stanowić zagrożenie, a zagadnienia związane ze środowiskiem cyfrowym, sieciami społecznymi i nowymi formami zachowań ryzykownych związanych z technologiami informacyjnymi to zjawiska kluczowe dla pedagogów i środowiska pedagogicznego. Artykuł przedstawia również praktyczne sposoby pracy pedagogicznej w zakresie profilaktyki skupionej na tych zjawiskach.
EN
The usage of information technologies is becoming an integral part of modern education. This text aims to highlight the fact that information technologies may also pose a threat. Phenomena of cyber-environment, social networks, and new forms of risk behaviour issues connected to information technologies are crucial for pedagogues and pedagogical environment. It is also introducing practical ways how to work with these phenomena in terms of prevention.
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EN
Objectives. The main aim of the study was to identify impact of impulsivity on adolescent risk behaviors. Sample and setting. Representative research sample consisted of 4,098 high school students of the Czech Republic. The basic set represents 348,678 adolescents, of which approximately 86,796 attend four-year, six-year and eight-year high schools. The research sample consists of approximately 5% of the basic set. Hypothesis. Based on previous findings, research hypothesis predicted impact of impulsivity on abuse of psychoactive substances, bullying and delinquency. Statistical analysis. Linear regression analysis (Enter) was used to determine impact of impulsivity (SIDS) on VRCHA questionnaire variables. Results. Impulsivity is a significant predictor of bullying (R2=0,059), abuse (R2=0,089), and delinquency (r2=0,137) among adolescents. Study limitation. The study operates exclusively with one variable as a predictor of risk behavior. For more complex investigations, other significant predictors need to be iduced into the model.
SK
Ciele. Hlavným cieľom práce bolo identifikovať mieru impulzívnych vplyvov na formy rizikového správania adolescentov. Vzorka. Reprezentatívna výskumná vzorka pozostávala z 4098 študentov z Českej republiky na osemročných, šesťročných a štvorročných gymnáziách. Základný súbor predstavuje 348 678 adolescentov, z toho 86 796 navštevuje štvorročné, šesťročné a osemročné gymnáziá. Vyýskumný súbor tvoril približne 5 % zo základného súboru. Hypotézy. Na základe predchádzajúcich zistení sa predpokladá kauzálna súvislosť medzi impulzívnosťou a zneužívaním psychoaktívnych látok, šikanovaním a delikvenciou. Štatistická analýza. Na zisťovanie vplyvu impulzivity (SIDŠ) na premenné dotazníka VRCHA bola použitá lineárna regresná analýza (Enter). Výsledky. Impulzivita sa prejavuje ako významný prediktor šikanovania (R2 = 0,059), abúzu (R2 = 0,089) a delikvencie (R2 = 0,137) u adolescentov. Limity št)die. Štúdia operuje výlučne s jednou premennou ako prediktorom rizikového správania. Pre komplexnejšie skúmanie je potrebné do modelu zahrnúť ďalšie významné prediktory.
EN
The report presents partial results of analysis of risk behaviour in adolescents. It focuses on the effect of selected characteristics of the family environment, such as conflicts with parents, addictive behaviour of the parents and family dysfunctions, on the development of risk behaviour. 1635 adolescents were included in the study. The results confirm the influence of some characteristics of the family environment on the development of risk behaviour, in particular direct influence of parental smoking on the child’s smoking behaviour. Indirect influences with the most distinct impact on risk behaviour include conflicts with parents and certain conditions that negatively influence opportunities for contacts of the child with the mother due to employment or hospitalisation.
CS
Příspěvek představuje dílčí výsledky analýzy rizikového chování u adolescentů. Zaměřuje se na vliv některých rodinných charakteristik (konflikty s rodiči, návykové chování rodičů, dysfunkce v rodině apod.) na rozvoj rizikového chování. Zkoumaný soubor tvoří 1635 adolescentů. Výsledky potvrzují vliv některých rodinných charakteristik na rozvoj rizikového chování. Jedná se především o přímý vliv kouření rodičů na kuřácké chování dítěte. Z nepřímých vlivů pak mají nejvýraznější efekt na rizikové chování dítěte konflikty s rodiči a konečně negativně působící okolnosti, vycházející ze snížení možností kontaktu dítěte s matkou vlivem zaměstnání nebo hospitalizace.
EN
The main aim of the work is to prove the existence of the relationship between school success and risk behavior amongst adolescent students of high schools in Zlín region. We have chosen a quantitative design for our research and for the collection of the data we used a questionnaire battery, which consisted of sociodemographic data, marks from selected subjects, a Self-efficacy Questionnaire (Jakešová, 2014) and questionnaire „Výskyt rizikového chování u adolescentů“ (Dolejš & Skopal, 2015). Two hundred students aged 15 to 19 took part in the survey. We examined the validity of the statistic hypothesis through the Spearman coefficient and linear regression. The study results suggest that the relationship between school success and risk behavior in adolescence really exists.
CS
Hlavním cílem práce je ověření existence vztahu mezi školní úspěšností a rizikovým chováním dospívajících studentů/studentek středních škol ve Zlínském kraji. Pro náš výzkum jsme zvolili kvantitativní design práce, kdy jsme ke sběru dat využili dotazníkovou baterii, která obsahovala sociodemografické údaje, známky z vybraných předmětů, Self-efficacy Questionnaire (Jakešová, 2014) a dotazník Výskyt rizikového chování u adolescentů (Dolejš & Skopal, 2015). Dotazníkového šetření se zúčastnilo 200 studentů a studentek ve věku od 15 do 19 let. Platnost statistických hypotéz jsme ověřovali pomocí Spearmanova korelačního koeficientu a lineární regrese. Výsledky výzkumu naznačují, že skutečně existuje vztah mezi školní úspěšností a rizikovým chováním dospívajících.
EN
The objective of the present article is to describe and evaluate a pilot traffic safety project, “Live to Be Twenty”, run by the Kolečko endowment fund and its partners. Targeted at students in the 17-19 age category, the project was carried out from September 2015 to June 2016 at selected secondary schools, including grammar schools, in the Central Bohemia and Ústí nad Labem regions. The paper provides an outline of the basic concepts concerning the raising of public awareness of traffic safety-related issues, particularly as regards adolescents’ risk-taking behaviour and their specific personality aspects and the ways in which the environment may influence their thinking and behaviour. General statistics showing the rates of injuries among children and adolescents are also provided. The main focus of the article is on prevention and traffic education, with a view to the secondary school context, and the young people’s readiness to provide first aid. In addition, the paper examines thoroughly the effectiveness of the project and the degree of its effect on its participants. It seeks to establish to what extent the project may have influenced the thinking, attitudes, and behaviour of the young people who participated in it. The evaluation study was intended to answer the questions of whether and to what extent the project had an impact on the students (and for how long). The results suggest that the project had a significant effect on the students’ attitudes and their readiness to provide first aid. However, this effect was short-lived: no effect was demonstrated at a three-month follow-up. In conclusion, the findings are, used to recommend changes for the future implementation of the project, including the better practical utilisation of the experience and results generated by the project and incorporating the project into a long-term and systematic policy covering the school-based prevention of risk behaviour.
EN
The purpose of this article is a review of studies on the personality factors in risky behaviors, susceptibility to fatigue and the rate of accidents in motor vehicle traffic. We are also attempting to frame these factors within the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits (CPM) model. A large number of studies and a variety of models and measures used made the integration of the gathered empirical data difficult. While it initially appeared that the Five Factor Model of personality (also known as the Big Five model) could be used as the synthetizing function, most recent studies and analyses indicate that its potential in that respect is limited, especially when compared to models taking into account higher order factors (metatraits) of personality. One of such models is CPM and the authors propose its use as an integrating model for the existing variety of studies on the personality factors in risky behaviors, fatigue and traffic accidents. The analyses presented in the article have shown that 3 metatraits are important in this context: Delta-minus/Sensation Seeking, Alpha-minus/Disinhibition and Gamma-minus/Disharmony. We also show that a predictive model based on these broad personality variables is both parsimonious and relevant. 
PL
Celem artykułu jest przegląd badań nad osobowościowymi uwarunkowaniami zachowań ryzykownych, podatności na zmęczenie oraz wypadkowości w ruchu drogowym, a dalej próba ujęcia tych uwarunkowań w ramach Kołowego Modelu Metacech Osobowości (KMMO). Dotychczasowe badania oraz różnorodność stosowanych w nich modeli teoretycznych i narzędzi pomiaru sprawiają istotne trudności w integracji zgromadzonych danych empirycznych. Wydawało się, że Pięcioczynnikowy Model Osobowości, zwany też modelem Wielkiej Piątki, mógł spełniać taką funkcję syntetyzującą, jednak najnowsze badania i analizy wskazują na ograniczony potencjał integracyjny i teoretyczny tego modelu, szczególnie w porównaniu z modelami uwzględniającymi tzw. czynniki wyższego rzędu lub metacechy osobowości. Jednym z takich modeli jest właśnie KMMO, stąd też autorzy artykułu proponują uwzględnienie go jako modelu integrującego dotychczasowe zróżnicowane wyniki badań empirycznych nad osobowościowymi uwarunkowaniami zachowań ryzykownych, zmęczenia oraz wypadkowości w ruchu drogowym. Przedstawione w artykule analizy wykazały, że w tym kontekście istotne są 3 metacechy: Delta-minus/ Poszukiwanie wrażeń, Alfa-minus/Rozhamowanie i Gamma-minus/Dysharmonia, a model predykcyjny oparty na tych szerokich zmiennych osobowościowych jest wartościowy w sensie oszczędności i trafności.  
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