White cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) was one of the staple food plants in ancient rural communities. It was not only the main ingredient of many dishes, but even a symbol of abundance. The high availability of this plant, both fresh and pickled, throughout the year, created great opportunities to use it not only as food but also as a medicinal plant. The aim of the study was to present the medicinal uses of raw materials obtained from white cabbage in Polish folk medicine. The available studies show that traditional Polish folk medicine not only used fresh cabbage leaves, but also fermented leaves or sauerkraut juice. Sometimes the use of seed, stalks and fresh leaf juice were recommended. Unlike most medicinal plants, dried raw material was used very rarely. The most commonly used raw materials were fresh or lacto-fermented without prior preparation, rarely before use they were crushed, roasted, made into infusions, boiled or soaked in vinegar. It was believed that cabbage provides health and strengthens the body, and children who eat cabbage grow quickly. For medicinal purposes, this plant was used for numerous ailments and parasites of the digestive tract: abdominal pain, constipation, stomach and liver diseases, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and hemorrhoids. It has also been used in dermatological problems and as an analgesic, e.g. for headaches and rheumatic pains. The properties of cabbage were also used in the treatment of female ailments related to pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding. The collected information indicates that white cabbage has been used in folk medicine in many ways, and its various applications should not escape the attention of modern medicine.
The food market of the XXI century is characterised by the mass production of highly processed and convenience foods, not always of good quality and usually of low price. Traditional and regional food is in contrast to mass food, offering a range of high quality products with unique properties and characteristics resulting from production in a traditional way. The subject of the study was the characterisation of the segment of fermented foods entered on the List of Traditional Products by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. The study presents fermented products registered as traditional products over the last 15 years, their characteristics, species diversity and exceptional quality, based on centuries-old traditions of preparation according to traditional recipes and original raw materials. In Poland, 34 fermented products are registered, mainly fermented cucumbers and sauerkraut, but also sour beetroot juice, mushrooms, asparagus and dogwood. The most traditional products come from the podlaskie and łódzkie voivodeships.
PL
Rynek produktów żywnościowych XXI wieku charakteryzuje się masową produkcją żywności wysoko przetworzonej i wygodnej, nie zawsze dobrej jakości i zazwyczaj o niskiej cenie. Żywność tradycyjna i regionalna jest w kontrze w stosunku do żywności masowej, oferuje gamę produktów wysokiej jakości, o wyjątkowych właściwościach i cechach wynikających z produkcji w tradycyjny sposób. Przedmiotem opracowania była charakterystyka segmentu żywności fermentowanej wpisanej na Listę Produktów Tradycyjnych przez Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi. W pracy przedstawiono produkty fermentowane zarejestrowane jako produkty tradycyjne w ciągu ostatnich 15 lat, ich charakterystykę, zróżnicowanie gatunkowe i wyjątkową jakość, opartą na wielowiekowej tradycji przygotowania według tradycyjnych receptur i oryginalnych surowców. W Polsce zarejestrowane są 34 produkty fermentowane, głównie ogórki kwaszone i kapusta kwaszona, ale również sok z kwaszonego buraka ćwikłowego, kiszone rydze, szparagi i owoce derenia. Najwięcej produktów tradycyjnych pochodzi z województwa podlaskiego i łódzkiego.
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