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1

Ewolucja metod badań zapachowych — początki osmologii w Polsce

100%
Duniewska M.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2015
|
vol. 35
155 - 167
EN
In the article the author presents the origins of osmology in Poland, which date back to the early 1990s and which are inseparably connected with the formulation of guidelines considering the protection, storage and identification of human scent traces by means of the “K’’ method being an integral part of bylaw no. 19/92 of the Chief Commandant of the Police of the 12th of October 1992 concerning police dog services. The author analyses the content of the above document which contains, inter alia, information on the requirements of premises where research was carried out as well as guidelines on collecting and protecting scent traces. In addition, the principles for techniques of training police dogs and their handlers as well as adetailed description of osmological research are also included in the text. The author points out the first court ruling based on research results of scent traces and also emphasises the significance of performing numerous experiments for the development of osmology. The above mentioned experiments confirmed the efficacy of this method. The research included, inter alia, proving of impact of vinegar scent, cigarette smoke and cosmetics scent on the final result of an osmological examination. Simultaneously, the author underlines the fact that osmological expertise has been revolutionised since the early 90s. The knowledge about it is continuously deepened and techniques of carrying out such research are permanently being enhanced.
2

Metodyka ekspertyzy osmologicznej

63%
Dzierżanowska J.
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
|
2016
|
vol. 26
|
issue 3
25-37
PL
Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie obowiązującej metodyki ekspertyzy osmologicznej, wprowadzonej 14 sierpnia 2013 r. przez Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji. Metodyka jest efektem wielu prac eksperymentalnych, zarówno krajowych, jak i zagranicznych, analizy praktyki oraz wypowiedzi przedstawicieli doktryny. Opracowanie wskazuje też na poprzednio obowiązujące metodyki badania osmologicznego, począwszy od pierwszych regulacji z 1992 r., które zapoczątkowały prace nad standaryzacją nowej metody badawczej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na kwestie związane z zabezpieczaniem materiału dowodowego, pobieraniem materiału porównawczego, materiałów kontrolnych i uzupełniających oraz przebiegiem badania śladów zapachowych. Artykuł zwraca również uwagę na aktualne dylematy związane z oceną dowodu z opinii osmologicznej.
XX
This article presents the current methodology of osmological (scent) examination, introduced on 14 August 2013 by the Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police. The methodology was developed on the basis of numerous experimental works, both Polish and foreign, the analysis of the practice, and the opinions of scholars. The article also indicates the previously applied methodology of osmological examination, starting with the first regulations of 1992, which marked the beginning of the standardisation of this novel test method. Particular attention was given to the issues concerning the preservation of evidence, the collection of reference material, and of control and supplementary material, and scrutiny of the scent-tracing procedure itself. The article also focuses on the still present dilemma of the treatment of evidence derived from osmological tests.
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