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EN
The submitted study focuses on the social position of village teachers and their relations to village local communities at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. It is based on large source study of school chronicles in five Moravian districts (Vsetín, Zlín, Uherské Hradiště, Znojmo, Žďár nad Sázavou). Based on the analysis of chronicle reports, the authors define the auto-image of a teacher and reconstruct the hetero-image: how a teacher viewed the community and mutual relations. The study analyses situations that used to be a matter of frequent disputes between a teacher on the one side, and church administration, municipality, and local inhabitants on the other (teacher’s salary, school attendance, construction of a new school building, relation to local priest). The teacher who entered the local community as a strange element was on the boundary between the internal and external world (he was a state administration representative) and he had to build-up and defend his position. By means of defined situation, the authors search for deeper factors affecting the relations of the teacher with other engaged parties. The study puts stress on the importance of school chronicles for the study of social culture of the country, as well as on their contribution for ethnology of the village at the end of the19th and the outset of the 20th century.
EN
The article concerns the press extracts printed in four chronicles of folk schools within the districts of Tczew, Starogard and Malbork. The author discusses the functions of extracts printed in the studied chronicles and carries out an ethnolinguistic analysis of the collected data. The subject matter of the chronicle articles, embracing the life of the school, the village, the commune, the nearest area, as well as the occurrences in Poland and in the world, enables to reconstruct the part of the depiction of the world seen from two perspectives – of the journalist, creator of the printed press article, and of the chronicle’s author.
PL
Artykuł zawiera analizę wycinków prasowych zamieszczonych w czterech kronikach szkół wiejskich powiatów tczewskiego, starogardzkiego i malborskiego. Autorka omawia funkcje wycinków zamieszczanych w badanych kronikach oraz przeprowadza etnolingwistyczną analizę zebranego materiału. Tematyka zamieszczanych w kronikach prasowych wypowiedzi (obejmująca życie szkoły, wsi, gminy, najbliższego regionu, ale też i wydarzenia o randze ogólnopolskiej i niekiedy światowej) pozwala odtworzyć fragment obrazu świata widziany z dwu perspektyw: dziennikarza, twórcy wklejonej wypowiedzi prasowej oraz autora kroniki.
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