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1
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Polskie analizy strategiczne – przegląd 2015 roku

100%
Wiśniewski R.
Przegląd Strategiczny
|
2016
|
issue 9
395-410
PL
The article constitutes a review o f selected articles published in 2015 by leading Polish scientific journals dealing with international security („Bellona”, „Bezpieczeństwo Narodowe” [„National Security”], „Rocznik Strategiczny” [„Strategic Yearbook”] and „Stosunki Międzynarodowe” [„International Relations”]). It aims to highlight main directions o f research conducted in the previous year by the Polish strategic studies community. The author presents the most important and interesting arguments in main debates undertaken on the pages o f reviewed publications adding his own analytical commentary.
2

Zadania Państwowej Straży Pożarnej wobec zagrożenia terroryzmem w Polsce

80%
Kopa D., Imielski T.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
|
2015
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vol. 37
|
issue 4
31 - 50
EN
The article examines the tasks of the State Fire Service in the face of terrorist threats in Poland. The State Fire Service is an important component of the national security system. As a well-trained and well-equipped country-wide agency with a well-developed organisational structure on the three administrative levels — subregional, regional and national — it can carry out tasks in an emergency, all-day, all-year-round mode within the territory of Poland, tasks relating to broadly defi ned rescue operations, including recognition of threats and rescue operations necessitated by acts of terrorism, despite the fact that in this case it is only an auxiliary service helping the agencies designated by law to combat such threats. The need for rescue services, security services and investigation services to collaborate in the case of a terrorist threat or suspicion of a terrorist threat has greatly expanded the operational possibilities of the State Fire Service, especially with regard to specialist rescue operations.
3
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MILITARY APPROACH TO THE CONTEMPORARY SECURITY THREATS

80%
Spilý P.
Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje
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2014
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vol. 15(15)
269-277
EN
The current security environment is characterized by dynamic development, complexity, instability and uncertainty of development. Security threats affect the environment both in terms of geographic as well as from the perspective of actors in this environment. Military forces are important actor involved in order to address security crises. The article is focused on the military perception of security threats and challenges and the changes in the deployment of military capabilities, which are reflected in the period from the end of the Cold War.
4

Przestępstwo o charakterze terrorystycznym z punktu widzenia obrońcy

80%
Czarny B.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
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issue 4
61 - 72
EN
The article focuses on the problem of terrorist offences. The author examines the topic not from the point of view of the doctrine, but from the point of view of practical considerations, especially the application of regulations in judicial practice. He discusses the basic problems that can arise in connection with judicial practice in terrorism-related cases, taking into account the views expressed so far by scholars in the literature referred to in the article.
5

Terroryzm w obliczu bezpieczeństwa państwa

80%
Dukiewicz T.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
|
2018
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vol. 40
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issue 1
19-26
EN
The article focuses on the issue of the threat of terrorism. Terrorism plays a vital role in the environment, gradually becoming a major threat to any conflict affecting the functioning of the state. Experience has shown that in the fight against terrorism, the key to victory is the exchange of intelligence and new techniques and procedures for action. Anti-terrorism methods are continually evolving as a result of new trends and ways in which terrorist activities are carried out.
6

Contemporary threats to state security - an overview of the issues

80%
Ciupka S., Sanetra-Półgrabi S.
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej
|
2020
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issue 4
9-13
EN
At the end of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first century, significant changes in the environment of international and state security have taken place and are continuing. These changes are both qualitative and quantitative. We are observing the collapse of the bipolar division of the world in terms of security, and at the same time new threats of military and non-military nature appear. The fascinating development of the scientific and technical revolution, the development of the global information network has caused the world to shrink and time has become of strategic importance. Security threats on a global scale, caused by the arms race, both in weapons of mass destruction and conventional weapons, have intensified, international terrorism, genocide, mass migration, pandemics, conflict between Western civilization and the world of Islam. The article will address some issues of security threats, especially from the point of view of the state, as well as attempts to oppose these negative security threats.
7

Charakterystyka współczesnego terroryzmu

80%
Antonów R.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
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issue 4
73 - 79
EN
Contemporary terrorism is one of the most serious threats to the world today. Since the second half of the 20th century it has evolved, adapting its aspirations, needs and capabilities to the scientific, technological and informational development of the world today as well as the geopolitical situation and specifi city. Thus contemporary terrorism is a dynamic process and rarely, or increasingly rarely, a state that remains unchanged. The essence of terrorism today lies the fact that it is commonly regarded as a threat not only to national security (security within one state) but, above all, to international security in view of the globalisation of terrorism. Contemporary terrorism has four basic features. First of all, it is inspired by religion. Secondly, the perpetrators do not reveal their identity, remaining in hiding and preparing new attacks. Thirdly, the actions of terrorists are much more deadly than ever before and, finally, terrorism is global. In addition, terrorism today is linked to actions focused on producing victims on a mass scale. This may suggest a development of genocidal terrorism which will be particularly evident in any future ethnic conflicts. A permanent characteristic feature of terrorism, including contemporary terrorism, is its objectives: to attract attention, generate publicity, justify its actions, win social consent and, finally, seize power. Preventing and combating contemporary terrorism requires not only the work of institution and agencies established for that purpose, but also responsible functioning of every individual in society. Thus creating security today requires collaboration of all people.
8

Zagrożenie terroryzmem a bezpieczeństwo przemysłu chemicznego w Polsce na przykładzie zakładów chemicznych PCC Rokita SA

80%
Malarz T., Grobelny P.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
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issue 3
105 - 111
EN
The article discusses the problem of the security of the chemical industry in Poland as exemplified by the chemical company PCC Rokita SA in the context of terrorist threats. Terrorist threats concern all buildings and facilities: public, private, business-related, especially critical infrastructure facilities, including chemical plants. In the case of chemical plants terrorist threats are twofold. Firstly, terrorists may become interested in attacking a chemical plant owing to the fact that the warehouse of such a plant contains substances, products and components used by terrorists to produce their weapons. Secondly, terrorists may become interested in attacking a chemical plant owing to the fact that chemical plants are part of the critical infrastructure.
9
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Testing the efficiency of laser technology to destroy the rogue drones

70%
Chaari M. Z., Al-Maadeed S.
Security and Defence Quarterly
|
2020
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vol. 32
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issue 5
31-38
EN
A large body of research shows the increasing numbers of drones attacks despite RF jammer systems and other technologies. This incredible increase in drone attacks means that the existing solutions are not enough to stop it. The objective of the article is to present a study on the combination of a laser beam with an optical focusing system to create a new cannon to crush rogue drones. The experimental method relies on an innovative design incorporating a laser module and groups of optical lenses to focus the power in one point to carbonize any target. Specifically, it is the laser with an adjustable lens position from 477mm to 617mm to focus the laser beam on the desired distant object. We measured the necessary time to burnt acrylic plastic, wood, and hard carton from a distance of 55 metres. It was noticed that the laser efficiency is proportional to the laser power and time the cannon is turned on. Tests on the laser cannon revealed that laser burner technology can destroy illegal drones. However, it was found that the laser is affected by adverse weather conditions, such as fog, rain, and clouds. Apart from that, the frailty of this technique is connected with the stabilizing system requirements, energy, overheating, and the time needed to destroy an object. Regardless of the drawbacks of the technique, the laser is the only solution with high efficiency that can ruin or intercept autonomously programmed drones, as this cannot be achieved by the RF jammer or any other solutions. The procedure can be repeated with new changeables to achieve a postive result, specifically, the use CO2 laser tube with a high-efficiency chiller to increase the laser power.
10
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Pozamilitarne aspekty bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego – kryzys migracyjny 2015–2016

70%
Potyrała A.
Przegląd Strategiczny
|
2016
|
issue 9
295-313
PL
In the article, an attempt to characterize migration movements observed in the beginning of the second decade of the XXI century is made. The aim is to present challenges and threats for security o f the EU region and member states, caused by massive migration flows. A debate within the European Union on possible solutions of the problem is analyzed. Differences in the approach to the migration crisis are taken into account, motivated on one hand by the desire to guarantee protection to refugees and persons in a refugee-like situation, on the other - to preserve security of EU citizens, member states and the organization.
11

Zadania policji w zakresie przeciwdziałania terroryzmowi

70%
Otczyk R.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
|
issue 3
47 - 53
EN
The article discusses the remit of the police with regard to counteracting terrorism. There are four directions (areas) in which police forces operate to counteract terrorism. These are: first — prevention, education and cooperation; second — recognition and information processing; third — police negotiations; fourth — physical fight against terrorism. With regard to that last issue it must be noted that tasks associated with physical elimination of terrorism fall within the remit of special anti-terrorist units of the police.
12
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INTERNAL SECURITY — DEFINITION DILEMMAS IN THE CONTEXT OF EVOLUTIONARY CHANGES AND THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE

70%
Furgała A.
Przegląd Policyjny
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2020
|
vol. 139(3)
204-222
EN
The article attempts to fi nd an answer as to what internal security is today and how it can be defi ned and placed in the conceptual framework of other types of security, such as external and national security. As the article underlines, the era of separating the concepts of internal and external security has become out of date, which is due to the fact that security is in a process of constant evolution, alongside with its defi nitional scope. Over the years, the process of the evolution of internal security in Poland has involved the change of both the very institutional system, understood as the administrative apparatus of internal security, and the phenomenon of internal security itself, which has been and still is being infl uenced by the changing nature of security threats. The article describes the process of the evolution of internal security in Poland, conditioned both by the socio-economic development and by the transformation of the political system. Attention is also drawn to the technological and information revolution in the context of its huge impact on subsequent changes in the so-called phenomenon of internal security globalisation, which creates a system of interdependencies in the area of security, including international security.
13

Rola i zadania Służby Celnej w systemie bezpieczeństwa publicznego i przeciwdziałaniu terroryzmowi

70%
Staniów D.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
|
issue 4
5 - 8
EN
The article examines the role and tasks of the Customs Service in the public security system and combating terrorism. Given the increasing globalisation of social and economic processes, in modern societies the question of ensuring security and maximum protection of the social order does not concern just one agency — even if it is exceptionally well-equipped and competent. The constantly growing economic freedom and constitutional guarantees of civil rights force state administrations — faced with a radicalisation of terrorist groups — to built a system of safeguards based on cooperation of various agencies and efficient information exchange between them. One of such agencies is the Customs Service. It contributes to the state protection system, influencing the level of citizen security. As a protection-focused institution, the Customs Service may also use physical coercion and firearms. The head of the Customs Service is a permanent member of the Task Force for Combating Terrorist Threats.
14

Prawnokarne instrumenty zapobiegania i zwalczania terroryzmu w polskim prawodawstwie

70%
Śledź M.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
|
issue 4
51 - 60
EN
The article examines the instruments for preventing and combating terrorism in Polish criminal law. The Act of 16 April 2004 amending the Criminal Code and other acts of parliament introduced a definition of terrorist offence into the Polish Criminal Code. According to this definition, “A terrorist offence is a prohibited act punishable by a maximum custodial sentence of at least 5 years committed in order to: 1) seriously intimidate many persons, 2) compel a public authority of the Republic of Poland or of another state or an agency of an international organisation to perform or abstain from performing certain acts, 3) cause serious destabilisation in the political system or economy of the Republic of Poland, another state or international organisation. A threat to commit such an act should also be considered a terrorist offence.”
15
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The Determinants of the Israeli Strategic Culture

61%
Kopeć R.
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities
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2016
|
issue 6
135–146
EN
Pojęcie kultury strategicznej koncentruje się na pozamaterialnych czynnikach kształtujących funkcjonowanie państw w sferze polityki zagranicznej i bezpieczeństwa Artykuł prezentuje determinanty izraelskiej kultury strategicznej, poszukując ich zarówno w uwarunkowaniach geopolitycznych Izraela, jak i w czynnikach kształtujących społeczny krajobraz tego państwa.
16

Kompetencje i zadania wojewody w zakresie przeciwdziałania zagrożeniom terrorystycznym na przykładzie województwa dolnośląskiego

61%
Czudiak J.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
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2015
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vol. 37
|
issue 4
9 - 15
EN
The article examines the powers and tasks of governors in preventing terrorist threats as exemplified by the Lower Silesian Province. Every governor is a representative of the Council of Ministers in a given province. He or she is responsible for implementing government programmes in the region and for supervising government institutions operating in the region. An important area in which the governors carry out their tasks is broadly defined national security. In this respect the governors operate with the help of organisational units responsible for crisis management (established at the provincial offi ces), provincial crisis management centres as well as advisory bodies, i.e. crisis management task forces. Prevention of terrorist threats is an element of the state’s internal security and the legislator has took this element into account in crisis management and assigned specific tasks to governors. Under the provisions of the Crisis Management Act the governors prevent, counteract and eliminate the effects of terrorist incidents, and cooperate in this respect with the head of the Internal Security Agency. Thus the governors are the authority which, in addition to various agencies and other institutions, are obliged to carry out specific tasks relating to terrorism prevention.
17

Zagrożenie terroryzmem oraz aspekt militarny w jego zwalczaniu

61%
Dukiewicz T.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
|
2015
|
vol. 37
|
issue 4
17 - 29
EN
In his article the author examines the problem of terrorist threats. Terrorism, playing an important role in the military environment, increasingly becomes the main threat in any conflict, influencing the functioning of the state. The methods of combating terrorism employed by NATO forces and the EU security system add another dimension to military operations. Experience (from Iraq or Afghanistan) indicates that in combating terrorism the key to victory lies primarily in intelligence information exchange as well as new operational techniques and procedures. Methods of fighting terrorism constantly evolve as a result of new trends and ways of operating used by terrorists.
18

Udział Wojewody Dolnośląskiego w kształtowaniu bezpieczeństwa państwa i porządku publicznego w związku z migracją cudzoziemców

61%
Bruder T.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
|
2015
|
vol. 37
|
issue 3
55 - 68
EN
The article focuses on the contribution of the Governor of the Lower Silesian Province to national security and public order in connection with migrations of foreigners. It must be noted that the governor, as a representative of the Council of Ministers in the region, is responsible for national security and public order policies, especially with regard to the dynamically evolving social phenomenon of entry into, stay in and departure from the territory of Poland of foreigners as well as citizens of EU member states. Within a short period of time Poland has become a transit or target country for some categories of migrants and nationalities, which is why the governor can effectively shape national security and public order only by cooperating with other public administration bodies. In this respect the governor collaborates with many institutions, most important among them being the Office for Foreigners, Border Guard and other governors. The most crucial element in the process is quick and effective information transfer, which in practice makes it possible to prevent abuses on the part of migrants or abuses in which migrants are the victims.
19
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Security and its Political Threats in a Theoretical Perspective

61%
Chałupczak H.
Facta Simonidis
|
2020
|
issue 13
31-44
EN
The article is an attempt of presentation of leading theoretical approaches to the issues of security present in current studies in Poland. The article refers to the most characteristic definitions and typologies of such research categories as: security, typologies of security, political security, dangers, threats of political security. In the analyses the author assumed the perspective proper for, first of all, such scientific disciplines as the science of politics and administration and science of security. Theoretical, model, and academic perspectives of the essence of security and the most important research views in the literature on the subject were referred to. Where necessary, the author tried to present his own approach to the discussed categories. The presented deliberations refer also to the present state of research, completed by an attempt of the author’s commentary.
PL
Artykuł jest próbą prezentacji wiodących ujęć teoretycznych problematyki bezpieczeństwa, obecnych we współczesnych badaniach w Polsce. W rozważaniach odwołano się do najbardziej charakterystycznych definicji i typologii takich kategorii badawczych jak: bezpieczeństwo, typologie bezpieczeństwa, bezpieczeństwo polityczne, zagrożenia, zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa politycznego. W analizach przyjęto perspektywę właściwą przede wszystkim dla takich dyscyplin naukowych jak nauki o polityce i administracji oraz nauki o bezpieczeństwie. Sięgnięto do teoretycznych, modelowych oraz podręcznikowych ujęć istoty bezpieczeństwa oraz najważniejszych stanowisk badawczych występujących w literaturze przedmiotu. Starano się też, tam gdzie to wskazane, zaprezentować autorskie ujęcia omawianych kategorii. Zaprezentowane rozważania odnoszą się również do stanu badań, uzupełnionych próbą autorskiego komentarza.
20

Rola Agencji Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego w zwalczaniu zagrożeń terrorystycznych na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

61%
Guź J.
Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem
|
2015
|
vol. 37
|
issue 3
69 - 82
EN
The article examines the role of the Internal Security Agency in fighting terrorist threats within he territory of the Republic of Poland. The Internal Security Agency was established by the Act of 24 May 2002 on the Internal Security Agency and the Foreign Intelligence Agency. The Internal Security Agency is one of Poland’s five security services with the broadest remit and responsibilities, some of which — like civilian counterintelligence, fighting terrorism in Poland, counteracting proliferation and protecting non-public information — are the exclusive domain of this institution. The legislator has imposed on the Internal Security Agency the duty to protect internal security and constitutional order of the Republic of Poland. The tasks of the Internal Security Agency also include actions aimed at informing citizens of potential terrorist threats within the territory of the Republic of Poland. In 2010 the Agency — in collaboration with the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration — launched the antyterroryzm.gov.pl portal, a government website the objective of which is to provide citizens with up-to-date information about how to react to terrorist threats and about the level of these threats in Poland.
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