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EN
Research on the relationship between sense of coherence according to Aaron Antonovsky’ theory of the sense of coherence and process of professional burning out is situated in the field of personal resources engaged in coping with organizational stress in helping proffessions. Two methods were used: The Maslach Burnout Inventory for educators and The scale of Sense of Coherence (SOC) by Antonovsky. MBI allows to measure three components of burn-out syndrome: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and the lack of personal accomplishment. SOC investigates three components of sense of coherence: sense of comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfullness. Statistical analysis of results was proceeded (analysis of correlations, variance and regression). Obtained results point on significant dependence of susceptibility for professional burning out (particularly emotional exhaustion) from components of sense of coherence. However the most interesting are results concerning the dependency between typological dynamics of coherence and professional burn-out.
EN
The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and life satisfaction in retired men and women, who stopped working. 120 retirees (60 men, 60 women) were examined using following techniques: The Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC- 29) by A. Antonovsky, The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) by Diener et al. and The Scale “Emotions” by Wojciszke et al. The results point on differences between retired men and woman in the level of life satisfaction and sense of coherence (in favor of men). Moreover the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and life satisfaction was found in both groups. But the results suggest, that this relationship looks different in retired men then women.
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Zmysel pre integritu a vzťahová väzba u adolescentov

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EN
The paper deals with the concept of a sense of integrity as one of the important characteristics of resilience in relation to perceived attachment to parents and peers. The 254 adolescents aged 15-18 years Antonovsky's Life orientation questionnaire and Armsden and Greenberg's Emotional ties questionnaire were applied. Correlation analysis showed a significant association between sense of coherence and perceived quality of relationships with parents and peers. The findings emphasize the importance and significance of the life orientation of adolescents.
EN
The purpose of this project was to determine the relationships between the sense of coherence and paramedics’ coping with stress styles. Owning such resources as high sense of coherence or task-oriented coping with stress style does not imply triggering them in encountering a critical situation. However, if triggered, they become an important variable acting as an intermediary between stressful events and coping. Two concepts serve as a theoretical basis: R. Lazarus’ transactional theory of stress and Antonovsky’s salutogenic theory.
EN
The subject of the study is the analysis of relations between the sense of coherence (SOC) in adolescents and their perception of parental attitudes and support received from both parents. The dependence between the level of SOC in adolescents and parents’ education and material status of the family have also been taken into account. The study group consisted of 105 people aged 17–18, boys and girls – secondary school pupils. The obtained results confirm a considerable part of the assumptions included in the hypotheses indicating the existence of a significant dependence between the rejection attitude of both parents and SOC, demanding an attitude of both parents and a protective attitude of father and SOC. The dependence between global, information and instrumental support received from mothers and SOC and between emotional support from fathers and SOC were confirmed. However, it turned out that loving and liberal attitudes of both parents do not show any relation with SOC. No dependence was found between evaluative support and the level of the sense of coherence in adolescents. The study shows that the education of both parents and the material status of the family are of significant importance in forming the level of SOC.
EN
Objectives: Sense of coherence (SOC) is an individual characteristic related to a positive life orientation, leading to effective coping. Little is known about the relationship between SOC and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This cross-sectional study aimed at testing the hypothesis that workers with a strong SOC have fewer atherosclerotic risk factors, including MetS, and healthier lifestyle behaviors. Material and Methods: One hundred and sixty-seven computer software workers aged 20–64 years underwent a periodical health examination including assessment of body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels and lifestyle behaviors (walking duration, smoking status, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and sleep duration). During this period, the participants also completed a 29-item questionnaire of SOC and the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire to assess job stressors such as job strain and workplace social support. Results: Our results showed that the participants with a stronger SOC were likely to walk for at least 1 h a day, to eat slowly or at a moderate speed, and to sleep for at least 6 h. Compared with the participants with the weakest SOC, those with the strongest SOC had a significantly lower odds ratio (OR) for being overweight (OR = 0.31; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.11–0.81), and having higher FBS levels (OR = 0.11; 95% CI: 0.02–0.54), dyslipidemia (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.84), and MetS (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.02–0.63), even after adjusting for age, gender and job stressors. Conclusions: High SOC is associated with a healthy lifestyle and fewer atherosclerotic risk factors, including MetS.
EN
Introduction: The article concerns sense of coherence and styles of coping with stress in group of adolescents brought up in children’s homes and in family homes. Short characteristic of functioning of youth from educational care facilities was presented in the first part of the text. The functions of children’s homes and family homes are described. Concept of sense of coherence and coping with stress in in research on youth was discussed. Method: The level of sense of coherence and styles of coping with stress in youth brought up in educational care facilities and in family homes were compared. A group of 90 teenagers aged 15-19 was examined using the SOC-29 and CISS questionnaires. The analyzed group consisted of 40 adolescents brought up in children’s homes and 50 adolescents brought up in family homes. Results: In the group of youth brought up in children’s homes negative correlations between the sense of comprehensibility and the style focused on avoiding and seeking social contacts were observed. In the group of youth brought up in family homes negative correlations between the sense of coherence, the sense of comprehensibility, resourcefulness and the style focused on emotions and a positive relationship between the sense of comprehensibility and the style focused on task was observed. The level of resourcefulness was significantly higher in the group of youth brought up in family homes, compared to adolescents brought up in children’s homes. Youth brought up in family homes significantly more often than their peers from children’s homes uses task-focused strategies. Youth growing up in children’s homes and having contact with their own families significantly more often, compared to teenagers growing up in children’s homes and not having contact with their own families, uses strategies focused on avoiding and seeking social contacts. Conclusions: There are differences in the intensity of sense of coherence and the use of adaptive strategies related to coping with stress in the group of youth from children’s homes and family homes. Contact with the family of origin causes the increase in the frequency of using dysfunctional strategies of coping with stress in youth from children’s homes.
PL
Celem pracy było przedstawienie salutogenetycznego modelu zdrowia (SOC) wg Arona Antonovsky’ego i jego wyznacznika – poczucia koherencji wraz z jego składowymi oraz zastosowanie kwestionariusza orientacji życiowej SOC- 29 w badaniach klinicznych i populacyjnych. Przedstawiono wyniki badań autorów oceniających poziom poczucia koherencji w różnych grupach pacjentów oraz u osób z wykształceniem medycznym. Na podstawie analizy wyników badań na temat znaczenia poczucia koherencji i stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem stwierdzono, że edukacja zdrowotna chorych w celu podwyższenia poziomu poczucia koherencji stanowi ważny element terapii. Natomiast badanie poziomu SOC u osób aktywnych zawodowo może pomóc w przewidywaniu zachowań antyzdrowotnych i tendencji do wypalenia zawodowego.
EN
The aim of the work was to present the Aaron Antonovsky’s salutogenic health model and its determinant – the sense of coherence – together with its components as well as the application of the life orientation questionnaire SOC-29 in clinical trial and field studies. The work presents the results and observations of the authors studying the level of the sense of coherence in various groups of patients and among people with medical education. On the basis of numerous researches on the meaning of the sense of coherence and ways of coping with stress a conclusion has been drawn that educating patients in order to raise the level of the sense of coherence is a significant element of the therapy. On the other hand, the study of the SOC level among working population can help predict unhealthy behaviours and tendency toward professional burnout.
EN
Objectives: The study investigated associations between workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress symptoms as compared to and controlled for associations between the latter and other psychosocial stress factors at work and in everyday life. The study employed a representative sample of Lithuanian family physicians, hence investigated a particularly resourceful occupational group in a geographical region earlier found to have a high risk context for exposure to bullying at work. Material and Methods: With a response rate of 89.2%, a total of 323 family physicians filled in an anonymous questionnaire on workplace bullying, post-traumatic symptomatology (IES-R), other psychosocial stressors at work and in everyday life, personal health resources (sense of coherence), behavioral characteristics and demographic variables. The statistical software SPSS 14.0, Windows was used in the analysis. Associations were tested using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A high prevalence of bullying was found among family physicians in Lithuania, with 13% of them experiencing severe workplace bullying and 17.3% experiencing more occasional incidents of bullying. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms was also high with 15.8% scoring above the standardized cut-off thresholds for post-traumatic stress disorder. The odds ratio (OR) of severe bullying for post-traumatic stress after adjustment for age and gender was 8.05 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 3.80–17.04). In the fully adjusted model it increased to 13.88 (95% CI: 4.68–41.13) indicating cumulative effects of all the investigated stressors. Conclusions: Workplace bullying is particularly prevalent among Lithuanian family physicians, as are the symptoms of post-traumatic distress. Strong associations between post-traumatic stress and exposure to severe bullying indicate that bullying is a significant source of mental health.
EN
The sense of coherence, as a personality variable, affects an individual’s functioning in its various areas. Some researchers find links between the world of values to life as a mental resource and the sense of coherence. Perceiving the world as reasonable and orderly may be related to the emergence of life aspirations. A group of 162 young adults were surveyed (101 women and 61 men), aged 21–33 (M=22.52; SD=1.85). The survey was based on a questionnaire with the use of the Sense of Coherence Scale and the Life Aspirations Index. The statistical analyses performed revealed positive links between life aspirations and the sense of coherence. In addition, significant statistical differences were identified between the employed and unemployed in the level of sense of coherence and the preferences of individual life goals. The obtained results may be useful in the process of career counselling and human resources management addressed to young adults.
PL
Poczucie koherencji jako zmienna osobowościowa wpływa na funkcjonowanie człowieka w różnych jego obszarach. Niektórzy badacze odnajdują związki między światem wyznawanych wartości jako psychicznych zasobów a poczuciem koherencji. Spostrzeganie świata jako sensownego i uporządkowanego może być związane z ujawnianiem się aspiracji życiowych. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone na grupie 162 młodych dorosłych (101 kobiet i 61 mężczyzn) w wieku 21–33 lat (M=22,52; SD=1,85). Miało ono charakter kwestionariuszowy – wykorzystano w nim Kwestionariusz Orientacji Życiowej oraz Indeks Aspiracji Życiowych. Przeprowadzone analizy statystyczne wskazały pozytywne związki aspiracji życiowych z poczuciem koherencji. Dodatkowo wykazano istotne statystyczne różnice między studentami pracującymi i nieposiadającymi zatrudnienia w nasileniu poczucia koherencji oraz preferencji poszczególnych celów życiowych. Otrzymane wyniki mogą być użyteczne w procesie poradnictwa kariery i zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi skierowanymi do tej grupy młodych dorosłych.
EN
Helping professions are at a higher risk of burnout which has a negative impact not only on their professional performance but also on the overall quality of their life. In this research study we examined the effect of psychosocial training on the level of the burnout syndrome and the levels of personality factors that are supposed to have a protective function with regard to burnout (self-esteem, sense of coherence) in students of helping professions. A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design was used in this study. A total of 111 university students divided into an experimental and a control group were included in the research (age 20.7, ±2.8; 86.1 % females). The experimental group participated in a six-month psychosocial training program. Standardized questionnaires were used as measuring instruments, SBI (School Burnout Inventory) to assess the level of burnout, SOC questionnaire (Sense of Coherence) for measuring the sense of integrity and Rosenberg selfesteem scale. Linear regression and analysis of variance were applied to the statistical analysis of data. The results show that psychosocial training had a positive impact on the level of burnout, as well as on personality predictors of burnout. After completing the training, the level of burnout in the experimental group decreased significantly (95 % confidence interval: 0.93, 9.25), while in the control group no significant change was observed. On the other hand, sense of coherence in the research group has increased (95 % confidence interval: -9.11, 2.64). No significant changes were found in the self-esteem levels in either group. Psychosocial training proved to be an effective supportive method positively influencing burnout in students of helping professions. Since coping strategies used during the study tend to be associated significantly with the strategies applied later in professional practice, this method can be considered to be an effective supportive tool in the prevention of burnout in helping professions.
SK
Pomáhajúce profesie sú vo zvýšenej miere vystavené riziku syndrómu vyhorenia, ktorý má negatívny dopad nielen na pracovnú oblasť, ale aj na celkovú kvalitu života. V tejto štúdii sme u študentov pomáhajúcich profesií skúmali vplyv sociálno-psychologického výcviku na úroveň syndrómu vyhorenia a takisto na úroveň osobnostných faktorov, ktoré sa vo vzťahu k vyhoreniu považujú za protektívne (sebaúcta, zmysel pre integritu). V štúdii bol využitý kvázi experimentálny pre- test post- test výskumný dizajn, výskumu sa zúčastnilo 111 VŠ študentov psychológie a ošetrovateľstva rozdelených do experimentálnej a kontrolnej skupiny (priemerný vek 20,7; ±2,8; 86,1 % žien). Experimentálna skupina sa zúčastnila sociálno-psychologického tréningu v trvaní 6 mesiacov. Ako meracie nástroje boli použité štandardizované dotazníky SBI (School Burnout Inventory) pre hodnotenie úrovne vyhorenia, dotazník SOC (Sense of Coherence) merajúci zmysel pre integritu, a Rosenbergova škála sebaúcty (Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale). Na štatistické spracovanie sa aplikovala lineárna regresia a analýza rozptylu. Výsledky ukázali, že sociálno-psychologický tréning mal pozitívny vplyv tak na úroveň vyhorenia, ako aj na úroveň osobnostných prediktorov syndrómu vyhorenia. Po absolvovaní tréningu sa úroveň vyhorenia v experimentálnej skupine významne znížila (95 % konfidenčný interval: 0,93, 9,25), zatiaľ čo v kontrolnej skupine nebola zaznamenaná zmena. Naopak zmysel pre integritu sa vo výskumnej skupine zvýšil (95 % konfidenčný interval: -9,11, -2,64). V prípade úrovne sebaúcty nebola zaznamenaná zmena ani vo výskumnej, ani v kontrolnej skupine. Sociálno-psychologický výcvik sa ukázal ako účinná podporná metóda pozitívne ovplyvňujúca syndróm vyhorenia u študentov. Keďže mechanizmy zvládania záťaže využívané počas štúdia súvisia s copingovými stratégiami neskôr uplatňovanými v profesionálnej praxi, možno považovať túto metódu aj za účinný podporný nástroj prevencie vyhorenia pracovníkov pomáhajúcich profesií.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie refleksji na temat pedagogicznych możliwości kształtowania poczucia koherencji. Opierając się na dokonanej analizie badań dotyczących uwarunkowania rozwoju poczucia koherencji, które znajdują się w bazach (Ebsco, Web of Science, Google Scholar) oraz polskich zasobach bibliotecznych, wskazano jak można kształtować poczucie koherencji, odnosząc się do założeń pedagogiki personalistycznej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz można stwierdzić, że w procesie wychowania kształtowanie cech życia osobowego, takich jak poznanie, miłość, wolność czy religijność może służyć rozwojowi poczucia koherencji. Pomocą w formowaniu silnego poczucia koherencji mogą być metody zadaniowe. Wydaje się, że proponują one taki rodzaj oddziaływania na wychowanka, który służy kształtowaniu doświadczeń życiowych ważnych w rozwoju poczucia koherencji, jednocześnie też uwzględnia przywołane założenia pedagogiki personalistycznej.
EN
The aim of the article is to present reflections on the pedagogical possibilities of shaping the sense of coherence. Based on the analysis of research on the determinants of the development of the sense of coherence, which can be found in databases (Ebsco, Web of Science, Google Scholar) and Polish library resources, I point out how the sense of coherence can be shaped, referring to the assumptions of personalistic pedagogy. Based on the analyses that were carried out, it can be said that in the process of upbringing, shaping the characteristics of personal life such as cognition, love, freedom, and religiousness can serve the development of the sense of coherence. Task-oriented methods may be helpful in forming a strong sense of coherence. It seems that those methods suggest the kind of influence on a pupil that is used to shape life experiences important in the development of the sense of coherence, at the same time taking into account the above-mentioned assumptions of personalistic pedagogy.
PL
Przeprowadzone badania mieszczą się w nurcie badań nad rodzinnymi uwarunkowaniami kształtowania się poczucia koherencji (SOC) w okresie adolescencji. Celem badań było określenie, czy i które postawy rodzicielskie stanowiły czynniki ryzyka i ochrony dla poziomu SOC u osób w okresie od wczesnej do późnej adolescencji. W badaniach wykorzystano Skalę Postaw Rodzicielskich w opracowaniu Mieczysława Plopy (2005), która uwzględnia pięć kategorii postaw rodzicielskich: akceptacja–odrzucenie, autonomia, nadmierne ochranianie, nadmierne wymaganie oraz niekonsekwencja. Do pomiaru poczucia koherencji dorastających użyto kwestionariusza SOC-13M w adaptacji Marka Zwolińskiego, Ireny Jelonkiewicz i Katarzyny Kosińskiej-Dec (2001). W badaniach wzięło udział łącznie 215 dorastających w wieku od 13. do 17. roku życia. Wyniki badań wskazują, że postawa niekonsekwencji matki i ojca stanowi czynnik ryzyka dla poziomu poczucia koherencji dorastających. Ponadto stwierdzono, że jedynym czynnikiem ochrony dla poczucia koherencji dorastających była postawa akceptacji, ale tylko ze strony matki. Uzyskane wyniki stały się punktem wyjścia do rozważań na temat socjalizacyjnych uwarunkowań kształtowania się poczucia koherencji z uwzględnieniem różnic, jakie wynikają z odmiennej roli matki i ojca w formowaniu SOC dorastających.
EN
The research conducted falls into the stream of research on family factors that influence the development of the sense of coherence in adolescence. The research aimed to find out if and which parental attitudes were risk and protective factors for the level of the sense of coherence in early through late adolescence. In the research, the Parental Attitudes Scale by Mieczysław Plopa (2005) was used, which takes into consideration five categories of parental attitudes: acceptancerejection, autonomy, overprotection, overdemandingness and inconsistency. To measure the adolescents’ sense of coherence, the SOC-13M scale adapted by Marek Zwoliński, Irena Jelonkiewicz and Katarzyna Kosińska-Dec (2001) was used. In total, 215 adolescents aged 13 through 17 took part in the research. The research findings showed that the mother’s and the father’s attitude of inconsistency was a risk factor for the sense of coherence in the adolescents. Moreover, it was found that the only protective factor for the adolescents’ sense of coherence was the attitude of acceptance but only the mother’s attitude of acceptance. The research findings became a starting point for deliberations on socialization determinants that influence the development of the sense of coherence, taking into account differences that arise from the different roles of the mother and the father in forming adolescents’ sense of coherence.
PL
Wyjaśnienie, dlaczego pacjentki z rakiem pozostające w związku małżeńskim charakteryzują się lepszym przystosowaniem do choroby niż pacjentki niezamężne, nie jest w pełni zrozumiałe. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie równoległego efektu mediacji poczucia sensu życia i poczucia koherencji w związku wsparcia małżeńskiego i akceptacji choroby u pacjentek z rakiem piersi. W badaniu wzięło udział 213 kobiet. Zastosowano Berlińską Skalę Wsparcia Społecznego, Profil Znaczenia Osobistego, Skalę Poczucia Koherencji oraz Skalę Akceptacji Życia z Chorobą. Przeprowadzono analizę współczynnika korelacji Pearsona oraz analizę mediacji. Wyniki wykazały istotne korelacje pomiędzy wsparciem małżeńskim, poczuciem sensu życia, poczuciem koherencji i akceptacją choroby. Z wyjątkiem buforującego wsparcia ochronnego, poczucie sensu życia pośredniczyło we wpływie wsparcia współmałżonka na akceptację choroby. Poczucie koherencji pośredniczyło w relacjach między postrzeganym dostępnym wsparciem, faktycznie otrzymywanym wsparciem i buforującym wsparciem ochronnym w zakresie akceptacji choroby. Zasoby oparte na znaczeniach odgrywają istotną rolę w akceptacji negatywnych psychicznych i fizycznych konsekwencji raka piersi. Lekarze mogą zatem z powodzeniem włączyć te zasoby do programów rehabilitacyjnych w celu poprawy przystosowania do choroby nowotworowej.
EN
The explanation as to why married cancer patients are characterised by better adjustment to illness than unmarried patients is not fully understood. This article aims to investigate a parallel mediation effect of meaning in life and sense of coherence in the relationship of spousal support and illness acceptance in breast cancer patients. A total of 213 women were included in this study. The Berlin Social Support Scales, the Personal Meaning Profile, the Sense of Coherence Scale, and the Acceptance of Life with the Disease Scale were used. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and mediation analysis were performed. The results showed significant correlations between spousal support, meaning in life, sense of coherence, and illness acceptance. Except for protective buffering support, meaning in life mediated spousal supports’ effect on illness acceptance. A sense of coherence mediated the relationship of perceived available support, actually received support, and protective buffering support in terms of illness acceptance. Meaning-based resources play a significant role in accepting the detrimental mental and physical consequences of breast cancer. Therefore, practitioners can incorporate these resources into rehabilitation programmes to improve adjustment to cancer.
EN
The main aim of researches was designation the level of sense of coherence (SOC) of women with anorexia and bulimia, by using Questionnaire of Life Orientated A. Antonovsky SOC – 29 (TheSense of Coherence Questionnaire – SOC). This scale consist with 29 position and give the possibility to estimate sense of coherence and its three components: understanding, resourcefulness and sensibility. The analyses was made by group of 40 women with anorexia, 40 women with bulimia (DSM – IV criteria) and 40 women without any bad eating habits. Women with bad eating habits have a lover sense of coherence (SOC) and its components, which is not good for pro‑health behaviors and can made worst health and disturb the process of treatment. The lover value in the group of women with bad eating habits gets sensibility, which shows emotional and motivational part of sense of coherence. There are not any differences in components of sense of coherence between women with anorexia and bulimia, which shows that all women from this groups have similar resources in area of resistance and adaptation capability.
PL
Celem pracy było określenie poziomu poczucia koherencji (SOC) dziewcząt z anoreksją i bulimią psychiczną z wykorzystaniem Kwestionariusza Orientacji Życiowej A. Antonovsky’ego SOC-29 (The Sense of Coherence Questionnaire – SOC). Skala składa się z 29 pozycji i pozwala oszacować ogólne poczucie koherencji oraz trzy jego komponenty: zrozumiałość, zaradność i sensowność. Przebadano 40 dziewcząt z rozpoznaniem anoreksja psychiczna oraz 40 dziewcząt z rozpoznaniem bulimia psychiczna, według kryterium DSM‑IV, tworzących podstawową grupę badawczą. Dla porównania przebadano też grupę składającą się z dziewcząt bez zaburzeń odżywiania. Dziewczęta z zaburzeniami odżywiania wykazały zdecydowanie niższe poczucie koherencji (SOC) oraz jej składowych, co nie sprzyja zachowaniom prozdrowotnym, a tym samym może powodować pogorszenie stanu zdrowia i utrudniać proces leczenia. Najniższą wartość u dziewcząt z zaburzeniami odżywiania osiągnęła składowa sensowność, która wyraża emocjonalno‑motywacyjną stronę poczucia koherencji. Nie stwierdzono różnic w natężeniu składowych poczucia koherencji w podgrupach dziewcząt z zaburzeniami odżywiania, co oznacza, że dziewczęta z anoreksją i bulimią psychiczną charakteryzowały sięzbliżonymi zasobami odpornościowymi i możliwościami adaptacyjnymi.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia związki między etyką pracy i poczuciem koherencji a zadowoleniem z pracy. Przyjmując, że etyka pracy jest systemem postaw i przekonań wobec pracy zawodowej, a poczucie koherencji systemem postaw i przekonań wobec całości życia, a dokładniej wobec sytuacji trudnych, przeprowadzono analizy regresji, w których składniki poczucia koherencji oraz wymiary etyki pracy były predyktorami zadowolenia z pracy. Badania przeprowadzone z użyciem Kwestionariusza Orientacji Życiowej, Wielowymiarowego Profilu Etyki Pracy oraz Skali Satysfakcji z Pracy objęły próbę 300 pracowników różnych organizacji. Wieloraka hierarchiczna analiza regresji i analiza dominacji pokazały, że istotnymi predyktorami zadowolenia z pracy są: poczucie sensowności, poczucie zaradności, spostrzeganie pracy jako wartości centralnej oraz wartościowanie ciężkiej pracy. Badania pozwalają przypuszczać, że związane ze sobą - będące źródłem zdrowia – poczucie koherencji oraz etyka pracy są źródłem zadowolenia z pracy.
EN
The article describes the connections between the work ethic, sense of coherence and job satisfaction. Assuming that the work ethic is a system of attitudes and beliefs regarding the professional work and that the sense of coherence is a system of beliefs regarding the entire life, or more precisely, beliefs regarding difficult situations, a regression analysis was carried out in which the two constituents; the sense of coherence and work ethics were predictors of the job satisfaction. The research was carried out by means of the Life Orientation Questionnaire, Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile and Scale of Job Satisfaction and included 300 employees from varied organizations. The multiple hierarchical regression analysis and the analysis of dominance have shown that the essential predictors of job satisfaction are: the sense of meaningfulness, sense of resourcefulness, perception of work as a central value and the valuation of hard work. The above studies suggest that the connected with each other - and being the source of one’s well-being – the sense of coherence and work ethic are the source of job satisfaction.
EN
Objectives: The present study examined the relationship between medical student fatigue with psychological variables: emotional intelligence (EI), sense of coherence (SoC) (comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness), quality of life (QoL), stress, and satisfaction with studying medicine. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 566 medical students from the Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland. The instruments used were the Chalder Fatigue Scale, Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test, Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, and a questionnaire designed by the authors, comprised questions relating to the quality of life, stress levels, and satisfaction with studying medicine. Results: The results show that fatigue was negatively related to the ability to use emotions effectively in the management of one’s activities (EI), 1 aspect of SoC – a level of comprehensibility, QoL, and satisfaction with studying medicine. Fatigue is positively related to the ability to recognize, understand, and control emotions (EI) and stress connected with studying medicine. Conclusions: The outcomes of the study afford a better understanding of the relationship between selected variables in the field of individual differences in the context of fatigue in the medical student population. It may help medical educators and authorities to have a better understanding of the phenomenon of building resilience and increasing abilities to cope with the negative effects of chronic stress such as fatigue in the population of medical students. Early recognition of specific psychological features in medical students, such as misunderstanding emotions and their perception of environments as unstructured, would make it possible to prepare early support and development programmes.
EN
Objectives Universities played a significant role in meeting the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, with both students and staff having to identify and use available coping resources. The main aim of the study was to describe the academic community’s experiences of the pandemic and their impact on health and wellbeing. Related variables were also explored, such as sense of coherence (SOC), gratitude, and subjective health assessment (SHA). Material and Methods During the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire was sent to the community of the Medical University of Lodz. It included 4 open-ended questions on ways to remain healthy during the pandemic. The responses (N = 144) were analyzed using a general inductive approach. For the purpose of this study, the resource utilization rate (RUR) was defined and calculated based on the number of categories with responses indicating resource usage. Additionally, a Polish adaptation of the 29-item Sense of Coherence scale (SOC-29), the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6), and subjective health assessment were measured. Correlations between variables were calculated. Results The main areas of resource identification and utilization were interpersonal relationships, views of reality, physical activity, pleasure activities, social contacts, and healthy diet. Physical activity has been found to be the most commonly-reported strategy of taking care of both health and emotional state more frequently among students than employees (p < 0.01). The RUR was strongly associated with SOC in male employees (ρ = 0.7, p < 0.05) and with GQ-6 in both male and female student groups (ρ = 0.56, p < 0.05 and ρ = 0.28, p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusions Relationships between RUR and SOC seem to be gender- and age-related. The relationships between health and resource utilization are worth exploring in the university setting.
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2019
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vol. XXI
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issue (2/2019)
189-212
EN
Aim. The article contains reflections on modern parenting, awareness, and responsibility in education. Educational awareness precedes the awareness of responsibility for creating a family, its climate, and living conditions for all household members. Education carried out in a conscious manner, leading to the achievement of intended effects requires fulfillment of certain conditions. Educational impacts are subject to specific laws and rules. Respecting them largely determines the course of the educational process. Responsibility for upbringing is closely linked to parental responsibility, the basic feature of which is totality manifesting itself in all aspects of the child’s life. Parenthood is also a concern for the child’s proper social development and social skills. In the article, I referred to the concept of A. Antonovsky’s sense of coherence, which can be successfully transferred to pedagogy and also applied to the process of education. Materials and methods. Review and analysis of the literature on the subject. Conclusions. The analysis of the subject literature and the research to date allows for the conclusion that the concept of Anthonovsky’s coherence can be considered from the pedagogical perspective and applied in relation to the educational process, enabling greater effectiveness of educational interactions.
PL
Cel. W artykule zawarto rozważania nad współczesnym rodzicielstwem, świadomością i odpowiedzialnością w wychowaniu. Świadomość wychowawczą poprzedza świadomość odpowiedzialności za tworzenie rodziny, jej klimatu i warunków życia dla wszystkich domowników. Wychowanie realizowane w sposób świadomy, prowadzące do osiągnięcia zamierzonych skutków, wymaga spełnienia określonych warunków. Oddziaływania wychowawcze podlegają określonym prawom i regułom, których respektowanie w znacznym stopniu decyduje o przebiegu procesu wychowania. Odpowiedzialność za wychowanie jest ściśle powiązana z odpowiedzialnością rodzicielską, której podstawową cechę stanowi totalność przejawiająca się we wszystkich aspektach życia dziecka. Rodzicielstwo to także troska o właściwy rozwój społeczny dziecka i posiadanie przez nie umiejętności społecznych. W artykule odniesiono się do koncepcji poczucia koherencji A. Antonovsky’ego, którą można z powodzeniem przenieść na grunt pedagogiki i zastosować również w odniesieniu do procesu wychowania. Materiały i metody. Przegląd i analiza literatury przedmiotu. Wnioski. Analiza literatury i dotychczasowych badań pozwala na stwierdzenie, że koncepcja koherencji Anthonovsky’ego może być rozpatrywana z perspektywy pedagogicznej i zastosowana w odniesieniu do procesu wychowawczego, umożliwiając większą skuteczność oddziaływań wychowawczych.
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