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Habitat Models and Social Systems in Middle Bronze Age central north-western Transylvania. State of research

100%
Molnár Z., Nagy J.-G.
Acta Archaeologica Carpathica
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2013
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vol. XLVIII
5-86
EN
The existence of fortifications is attached to the emergence of formalized territorial units of a quasi-political nature. The current paper examines Middle Bronze Age settlement sites, metal finds and natural resources of Central north-western Transylvania. Our aim is to investigate the differences, transformations and the dynamics of settlement systems in the study area during the Middle Bronze Age using cartographic documents and data relating to the landscape around the sites (using satellite images, aerial photographs and geophysical measurements) stored in a geographic information system (GIS). The research also draws on macro-regional palaeoenvironmental data on Central north-western Romania. Modelling the territories of Transylvanian prehistoric communities provides information about the division of space and possible land use strategies. A uniformly general model cannot be applied in case of the Transylvanian Middle Bronze Age settlement system. The settlement founding culture’s different characteristics, the special topographical and ecological conditions of the distribution areas determined the quality of the established settlement network. There is evidence that Middle Bronze Age chiefdoms form peer polities controlling territories of different size along one or a larger number of river valleys. Our approach reflects the current stage of research of the subject; the future field research is expected to bring in new, more conclusive evidence in this matter.
2
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Newcomers and autochthons. The 2016–2017 UGZAR survey in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq. Settlement pattern in the Ninevite 5 period (2012–2017)

100%
Ławecka D.
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
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2018
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vol. 27(1)
417-427
EN
The paper presents the results of the last two field campaigns (autumn seasons of 2016 and 2017) of the “Newcomers and autochthons” project, conducted since 2013 within the framework of the UGZAR (Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance) project in the upper Greater Zab area of the Kurdistan Autonomous Region of Iraq. A short preliminary account on the sites found during this period is followed by an overview of the Ninevite 5 settlement pattern based on data gathered over the course of six seasons of prospection within the research area.
3

The spatial and functional structure of the settlement from the Early Iron Ag e in Milejowice, site 19, district Wrocław, in the social aspect

86%
Buchner A., Bugaj E.
Przegląd Archeologiczny
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2020
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vol. 68
73-98
EN
In this paper the authors present the results of spatial analyses performed using GIS tools which were used to recognize the spatial and functional structure of the settlement in Milejowice, site 19, dating back to the Early Iron Age. The aim of the study was to more precisely define the function of the discovered complexes with pole construction buildings arranged around an empty area and to make another attempt at gaining insight into the structure of the society that lived in the settlement. The acquired results allowed a discussion on the earlier interpretations of the settlement in Milejowice, according to which a part of the site functioned as a seat of the elite who distinguished their place of residence with circular fences. The results of GIS analyses did not make it possible to precisely determine the character of the society that inhabited the site. However, in the opinion of the authors, the specific organization of spatial development in Milejowice, taking into account the distribution of different kinds of artifacts within its area, may indicate social stratification among the inhabitants. The basis of the stratification was, above all, access to prestige goods and the division of social roles connected with particular economic or professional activity.
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The application ofa modified Monte Carlo method in the simulation of settlement pattern’s spatial development in the example of Mstów (Śląskie voivodship, Poland)

86%
Wolski O.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2016
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vol. 20
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issue 3
19-31
EN
The first aim of the article is to propose the simulation of the settlement patterns development as an element of spatial planning methodology. In order to conduct such a simulation, a modified Monte Carlo method can be used. It approximates the spatial distribution of a studied phenomenon based on numerical calculations and implemented variables. Referring to previous works in which the method was applied, the author tested it on the village of Mstów. It was assumed that this method could highlight land features that are unreachable using traditional approaches in complex systems analyses. The second aim was to investigate some of the determinants of contemporary spatial development. The conducted simulation demonstrated features of Mstów settlement pattern and proved determinants in its future development, including: the existence of areas especially predisposed for building, the decreasing number of new buildings being built, the decreasing importance of factors that were relevant in the past, and a significant relevance of the human factor. It was also proven that land development may occur on areas less predisposed to building.
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