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Wahania koniunkturalne w województwie lubelskim

100%

Kowerski M.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

2009

vol. 233

issue 7-8

93-106

The paper examines business cycles in Poland’s Lublin province using quarterly business sentiment indicators calculated since the second quarter of 2001. Both composite and sector indicators are calculated on the basis of the results of quarterly surveys covering 320 companies and 350 households. Sector indicators are calculated as weighted arithmetic means of respondents’ assessment of their current condition and forecasts for the next quarter. Composite indicators are weighted averages of sector indicators, with the shares of individual sectors in gross value added generated in the province used as weights. Industry and construction in Lublin province began to slow down in the second quarter of 2007, according to Kowerski. By now the slowdown in these sectors has become evident. The slump in the service sector began in the first quarter of 2008, and consumers felt the downturn in the second quarter of 2008. The retail sector has yet to experience a downturn, according to Kowerski. The composite indicator of business sentiment began to deteriorate markedly in the second quarter of 2008. The research shows that the economy of the Lublin region began to slow down in the first half of 2008, though it is unclear if this trend can be called a recession, the author says.

Cross borders companies and worldwide industry management. Past, present, and future for businesses at time of slowbalization.

86%

Ditta G.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

2022

vol. 13

issue 26

78-92

Emerging markets are once again gaining the upper hand. According to the World Bank, current market trends indicate that emerging economies will account for more than 70% of global economic output by 2050. With the economic enigmas and the return of emerging economies, three billion new people have suddenly integrated into the global economy, all at once: one and a half billion Chinese, one billion Indians, and half a billion people from the former Soviet bloc. How then can the strategy that predominates in the internationalization of a company be identified? In this study we will define the necessary internal organization of a company and its activities and establish what changes must be made in the internal structure of employees regarding quantity, qualification, training and facilities for machines, technology, processes, and quality control. Before starting to promote the company internationally, it is advisable to check whether the brand can be used or whether it should be changed. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had profoundly affected international trade, investment and travel. The pandemic has slowed the physical movement of people, goods and services, which is also the slowbalization thesis, and this now deserves careful consideration. The goal of this paper is to examine the objective of internationalization and the international development of companies. In this study are introduced the theoretical basis and a discussion on how exporting companies need nowadays to ask the right questions and how the analysis of the economic management can help internationalize their business. The second part of the study includes the results and conclusions.

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1 Academicus. International Scientific Journal

1 Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

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1 Kowerski M.

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Wahania koniunkturalne w województwie lubelskim

Cross borders companies and worldwide industry management. Past, present, and future for businesses at time of slowbalization.