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EN
Homelessness is a social problem which in spite of its existence has not been successfully solved till today. It is very difficult for the scientific investigation and even dangerous for the researcher, also for practitioners who is involved in that problem. Therefore there is a postulate of the continuous searching for new solutions, and improving the existing ones. The subject of this article is the phenomenon of homelessness in Germany.
EN
The article deals with an issue of social consent for institutional social help activities in the functional area of the local community. When planning the development of social infrastruc-ture for social help purposes, it sometimes happens that some elements are not taken into ac-count such as the consent of town residents (neighbours) to the location of the infrastructure. Plans to create a social facility encounter resistance of residents who are concerned about their own safety. The source of such anxiety are clients of institutions, for whom the inhabitants have negative stereotypes. We experience then a conflict situation, social protests, referred to in the scientific literature as the NIMBY syndrome. We learn most about the local protests from the media, about the reasons for the protests, NIMBA actors. The article gives examples of such protests regarding the location of a social institution. Examples come from public sources – local and national newspapers, internet sources. The development of events is tracked by the media up to a certain point – for example, reaching consent or moving away from the intention to locate the institution. For social workers, this is a sufficient package of information to take into account the potential resistance of residents. In this light, it is possible to predict the lack of consent of the local community to the neighborhood with a specific cat-egory of clients of social institution. Therefore, an appropriate information campaign, ahead of the implementation of the project, can protect investors by confronting the inhabitants of the city, time-consuming and expensive procedures, and above all negative emotions. Thanks to that avoidances of hostility, aggression towards employees of institutions, clients of institu-tions and objects of this institution will be avoided.
EN
The article is an analysis of the condition of dependent people and their   carers. The first part of the text is based on research Socio-economic aspects of family care support functions in Wielkopolska, empirical study of the phenomenon. In it there are presented such issues as ways of performing the protective function, needs of families in performing the protective function and the level to meet those needs.The second part presents embedded in the social economy possible methods of social and professional activation of dependent people and their carers. Due to the nature of the case there are presented good practices within the two selected types of institutions - therapy workshops and clubs of social integration.
PL
Artykuł stanowi dwupłaszczyznową analizę kondycji osób niesamodzielnych i ich opiekunów. Pierwsza część tekstu to oparta na badaniach „Społeczno-ekonomiczne aspekty wsparcia funkcji opiekuńczej rodzin na terenie województwa wielkopolskiego” empiryczne studium zjawiska. Poruszone są w nim takie jego wymiary jak sposoby pełnienia funkcji opiekuńczej, potrzeby rodzin w pełnieniu funkcji opiekuńczej oraz poziom zaspokojenia tych potrzeb.W drugiej zaś części przedstawione zostały umocowane w przestrzeni ekonomii społecznej możliwe ścieżki aktywizacji społecznej i zawodowej osób niesamodzielnych i ich opiekunów. Ze względu na specyfikę przypadku zaprezentowane zostały dobre praktyki w ramach dwóch wybranych typów instytucji – warsztatów terapii zajęciowej oraz klubów integracji społecznej.
PL
W artykule poruszony został problem wykluczenia społecznego w kontekście powrotu na rynek pracy. Punktem wyjścia jest brak możliwości aktywizowania osób wykluczonych poprzez ofertę pomocy społecznej. Podkreśla się także skutki uboczne, których doświadczają jej podopieczni: bierność, dziedziczenie stylu życia z zasiłków socjalnych oraz brak motywacji do integra-cji ze środowiskiem lokalnym. Wytyczne co do kierunków polityk społecznych w ramach unijnego modelu rozwoju sprawiły, że polityka społeczna, a w szczególności tzw. polityka aktywizacji poszukuje metod przeciwdziałania tym patologiom. Poprzez włączenie podmiotów ekonomii społecznej i sektora pozarządowego do realizacji zadań na płaszczyźnie pomocy społecznej powstała szansa odejścia od traktowania jej jako instytucji transferów socjalnych. Powstała wielosektorowa pomoc społeczna oparta na trzech filarach: opiekuńczym (tradycyjnym), prozatrudnieniowym i reintegracyjnym, który realizowany jest poprzez tworzenie instytucji zatrudnienia socjalnego. Nowy system zakłada warunkowanie pomocy. W artykule zaprezentowano podstawowe dane dotyczące potencjału zatrudnienia socjalnego oraz beneficjentów korzystających z aktywizujących form wychodzenia z wykluczenia. Zwrócono uwagę, że podstawowym problemem w procesie aktywizacji osób długotrwale bezrobotnych jest bardzo niska skuteczność i bardzo znikomy efekt zatrudnieniowy po ukończeniu kursu. Kwestia ta ukazana jest z dwóch perspektyw: ilościowej – za pomocą wskaźników statystycznych i jakościowej – określenie motywacji do podejmowania aktywności. Obraz statystyczny dają wartości dwóch wskaźników: ukończenia zajęć reintegracji społeczno-zawodowej i ekonomicznego usamodzielnienia się. Perspektywa jakościowa opiera się na ukazaniu (na podstawie wyników badań sondażowych) postaw klientów pomocy społecznej wobec aktywizacji społeczno-zawodowej, motywów podejmowania działania oraz wizję podejmowanych w przyszłości form pracy zarobkowej.
EN
The article touched a problem of social exclusion in the context of the return to the labor market. The starting point is the lack of activation of people excluded by social assistance. It also stresses the side effects experienced by its protégés: passivity, inheritance lifestyle based on social benefits and lack of motivation to integrate with the local community. The guidelines for the directions of social policies within the EU development model meant that social policy, in particular the socalled activation policy seeks methods to counteract these pathologies. By incorporating social economy entities and non-governmental sector to carry out tasks at the level of social assistance it was given the chance to depart from treating social assistance as an institution of social transfers. Created multisectorial social assistance is based on three pillars: welfare (traditional), pro-employment and reintegration, which is implemented through the creation of social employment institutions. The new system involves conditioning aid. The article presents the basic data of the social employment and its beneficiaries. It should be noted that the main problem in the process of activation of the long-term unemployed is very low effectiveness and a very marginal effect of their employment after completing the course. This issue is shown from two perspectives: quantitative – with statistical indicators and qualitative – determination motivation to undertake the activity. There is a statistical picture of two indicators: the completion of training and economic independence. The qualitative perspective is based on the results of surveys dedicated to the theme of client’s attitudes to social and economic activation and their work in the future.
EN
Homelessness is a social problem which in spite of its prevalence has not been successfully solved till today. It poses many difficulties in scientific investigation and is even dangerous for researchers or practitioners involved in its prevention. Therefore, there is a postulate of a continuous search for new solutions and improvement of the existing ones. The subject of this article is the phenomenon of homelessness in Norway.
EN
The article will try to show and describe a social worker managing social help resources. In this context the author refers to terminology which includes: management, social help, social work. Then the author analyses the organisational structure of the institution of social help in which a social worker is of significant importance. Besides, the author shows also stages of management in social help. In the further part of the article the author describes the function of a social worker and their tasks in the context of modern social conditioning. Besides he describes the structure of organization of social help with the cooperation of a social worker and family assistant.
EN
Sources of caring for the poor in the Old Testament In ancient times, poverty was not an exceptional phenomenon. Diseases, wars, the collapse of the internal market and the international trade, high tax burdens or agricul- tural disasters have contributed to the ruin of not only families, but also villages, cities and even entire nations. The teachings and laws regarding the treatment of the poor are found in all parts of the Old Testament: the Pentateuch, the historical and prophetic books, and the wisdom literature. The legislation of the ancient Near East offers some parallels to the Old Testament law. Biblical authors in various stories and legal regulations express their position in the area of caring for the defenseless and the conviction that man should be a generous servant and keeper of material goods. The article discusses the terms defining various groups of the poor in biblical Hebrew and Greek texts and presents the main indications on social justice toward these groups contained in the biblical legislation and narratives.
EN
The article will try to show and describe a social worker managing social help resources. In this context the author refers to terminology which includes: management, social help, social work. Then the author analyses the organisational structure of the institution of social help in which a social worker is of significant importance. Besides, the author shows also stages of management in social help. In the further part of the article the author describes the function of a social worker and their tasks in the context of modern social conditioning. Besides he describes the structure of organization of social help with the cooperation of a social worker and family assistant.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje próbę ukazania i deskrypcji pracownika socjalnego zarządzającego zasobami pomocy społecznej. W tym kontekście autor odwołuje się do ustaleń terminologicznych, do których zalicza: zarządzanie, pomoc społeczna, praca socjalna. Następnie analizuje strukturę organizacyjną instytucji pomocy społecznej w której istotne znaczenie posiada pracownik socjalny. Ponadto autor wskazuje również na etapy zarządzania w pomocy społecznej. W dalszej części niniejszego artykułu dokonano opisu funkcji pracownika socjalnego oraz jego zadań w kontekście współczesnych uwarunkowań społecznych. Ponadto przedstawiono strukturę organizacji pomocy społecznej przy współpracy pracownika socjalnego i asystenta rodziny.
EN
This article concentrates on the institutions of continuous assistance, which in the past took form of total institutions which tended to take control over people in need, causing the degradation of their personality. Organizing and running these institutions has always been considered morally debatable. The major moral question involved is that of the limits of human freedom. How far can it be enjoyed by a person who is incapable of independent functioning in the society? And how far can an institution intervene in order to – seemingly – ensure undisturbed social functioning of such people, but at the same time imposing the restrictions on the inhabitants? Such difficult social conditions always lead to a divergence between the needs of the inhabitants of social assistance centres and the possibilities of their being satisfied by these institutions. The article makes reference to social assistance centres, which once betrayed the features of a total institution. However, the present-day situation of the inhabitants of these centres also makes the author ask if the total institutions of social assistance are really only the remnants of the past.
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