Search results

1

PRZEMOC PSYCHICZNA W RODZINIE – GLOBALNE WYZWANIE ZRÓWNOWAŻONEGO ROZWOJU

100%

Mikielewicz M.

Eunomia – Rozwój Zrównoważony – Sustainable Development

|

2018

|

issue 1(94)

169-176

EN

The author's goal is to present the problem of psychological violence in the family as a global challenge of sustainable development. Starting from the explanation of the concept of psychological violence, the author goes on to discuss the role and ways of preventing psychological violence by undertaking effective preventive actions. Particular emphasis is placed on the functions of state aid. The author discusses the social problem of psychological violence in the family along with the concept of taking action, indicating potential difficulties in identifying psychological violence in the home environment. In summary, the author emphasizes the importance of the sense of family security in the modern world, which favors creating the desired mental and physical development of a human being.

2

Zagadnienia kulturowe w ekonomii

100%

Kostro K.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

|

2009

|

vol. 230

|

issue 3

27-59

EN

The paper examines the role of cultural factors in economic analyses. It aims to identify and examine areas in which economic analysis takes into account cultural factors that play a role in business. The first part of the paper lists arguments on why economic research should be more sensitive to cultural factors. This primarily results from the fact that economics, like all other areas of human endeavor, is part of global culture, Kostra writes. The second part of the article describes the aspects of culture that are closely related to socioeconomic life. It discusses the idea of economic culture, or value systems linked with business, knowledge and models of behavior. The author also reviews research achievements in this area. The analysis takes into account the results of studies carried out by researchers such as Geert Hofstede, Richard Gesteland, Lawrence Harrison, and Mariano Grondona. Another related notion that is examined in this part of the paper is organizational culture. The third part of the paper deals with the achievements of institutional economics and shows links and relationships between cultural and social institutions. The author sets out to determine if the role of cultural factors in economic processes will decrease as globalization gains momentum. He concludes that despite the convergence of economic systems around the world, based on the emergence of a universal system of values, beliefs and attitudes, cultural differences continue to exist. This largely explains why some countries still hold an advantage over others, Kostro notes.

3

Institutional Transformation in the Agricultural Sector of the former Soviet Bloc

100%

Visser O., Schoenmaker L.

Eastern European Countryside

|

2011

|

vol. 17

21-53

EN

This article discusses popular explanations for the demise of farm enterprises in Mongolia, such as: reduced state funding, corrupt and self-interested rural elites, and the (supposed) drastic central privatisation policy. It argues that these factors are insufficient to explain the collectives' demise, as they are largely true also for Russia, where no widespread break-up of farm enterprises took place. Farm enterprises in Russia, despite financial difficulties, show remarkable resilience as large-scale units. A tendency which can be observed in general, as well as in most of the regions bordering Mongolia with a similar type of (semi) - pastoralist livestock farming, Therefore, this article takes a look at the level of the Mongolian farm enterprise, and considers the socio-economic specifics of these enterprises to discover the incentives for employees and managers to disband (or leave) these enterprises. In doing so it pays attention to formal structures and informal social structures related to property and production, within a tentative comparison with Russia.

4

Challenges of modernity and the influence of mass culture on the quality of education (based on the results of sociological research in the sphere of education)

86%

Lipai T., Zhogol-Labzeeva I.

Podstawy Edukacji

|

2020

|

vol. 13

197-204

EN

Education is one of the most important social institutions that ensure the socialization of the younger generation: the interiorization of social values, norms, behavior patterns that characterize the basic culture of a society, the formation of life skills and competencies necessary for successful adaptation, personal and social development in current socio-economic, political and socio-cultural conditions. The results of sociological research carried out within the framework of the republican monitoring of the quality of education are analyzed.

5

“Social Embeddedness” Viewed from an Institutional Perspective Revision of a Core Principle of New Economic Sociology with Special Regard to Max Weber

86%

Maurer A.

Polish Sociological Review

|

2013

|

vol. 180

|

issue 4

475-496

EN

Starting by the very fact that Mark Granovetter’s notion of “social embeddedness” became very successful by establishing new economic sociology in the 1980s yet it is argued that current economic sociology needs to work on a stronger connection to institutional arguments. It is shown that this can be based on new theoretical developments by linking micro and macro level. This article reconstructs Granovetter’s attempt of working within an action-based framework that has strong ties to the work of MaxWeber as well as to some parts of new institutionalism. The particularity of Granovetter’s approach is seen in his assumption that individuals’ interests as well as their economic actions are socially embedded in “networks of social interactions” that influence the economic outcome. With regard to Max Weber and new institutionalism, it is then argued that Mark Granovetter omits to carefully consider both firstly how mutual expectations defined within social relations are affected by more general social expectations (the institutional framework) and secondly what kind of coordination problems are precisely solved by social relations through information or expectation. But this would be important for a more complex and more realistic picture of economy. Therefore, it is recommended to analyze the interplay of different social mechanisms-social capital, trust, legitimacy, hierarchy, social entrepreneurs-that work either through information in a network, group norms or generalized expectations in an wider institutional framework. In conclusion, a methodological suggestion is made by combining historical-empirical work with theoretical arguments.

6

Co się działo we wsi Chorzów przed plebiscytem? Kościół – przemysł – rolnictwo w perspektywie socjologii wizualnej

86%

Nowak J., Wróblewski P.

Rocznik Muzeum "Górnośląski Park Etnograficzny w Chorzowie"

|

2019

|

vol. 7

|

issue 7

9-29

PL

Autorzy artykułu podejmują próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: co działo się we wsi Chorzów przed plebiscytem z 21 marca 1920 roku, który zgodnie z traktatem wersalskim kończącym I wojnę światową miał zadecydować o przynależności tej części Górnego Śląska do państwa niemieckiego lub polskiego. Głosowanie przeprowadzono w przeważającej części terenów prowincji górnośląskiej i małej części prowincji dolnośląskiej (gmina Namysłów). Jacek Nowak i Piotr Wróblewski opisują życie codzienne i odświętne mieszkańców wsi, analizując wizualne dane jakościowe: fotografie, karty pocztowe oraz druki okolicznościowe. Poza tym poddają wtórnej analizie prace historyczne poświęcone Chorzowowi autorstwa Tomasza Klenczara, ks. Jana Machy i Ludwika Musioła. Autorzy dochodzą do wniosku, że życie we wsi Chorzów (obecnie dzielnicy miasta Chorzów nazwanej Chorzów Stary) toczyło się i toczy nadal zgodnie z tradycyjnymi śląskimi wzorami kulturowymi.

EN

Authors of the article attempt to answer the question on what was happening in the Chorzów village before held on 21st March 1920 the Upper Silesia plebiscite that according to ending the World War I the Versailles Treaty was to decide about this region’s affiliation to Germany or Poland. Voting was conducted in the Province of Upper Silesia as well as in a small part of the Province of Lower Silesia (Namysłów County). Jacek Nowak and Piotr Wróblewski describe everyday and ceremonial life of the village’s inhabitants, analyzing visual data – photographs, postcards and occasional prints. Furthermore, they also re-study historic works by Tomasz Klenczar, Rev. Jan Macha and Ludwik Musioł. Authors conclude that life in the Chorzów village (that is now a district of the city of Chorzów called Stary Chorzów [the Old Chorzów]) has been still going on according to the traditional Silesian cultural patterns.

7

The Philosophical Anthropology of Arnold Gehlen as a Critique of the Age of Technology

72%

Czerniak S.

Dialogue and Universalism

|

2018

|

issue 4

75-93

EN

The author distinguishes three main interpretations of the concept, as well as the developmental trends in philosophical anthropology, and reflects on their relationship with critical social philosophy. Consequently, he follows up with an explication of the main assumptions of Arnold Gehlen’s philosophical anthropology and seeks to find out how they influenced the categorical particularity of his critique of postmodern society, labeled as “the crisis of institutions.” The author provides more detailed reflection in references to Gehlen’s Die Seele im technischen Zeitalter (published in English as Man in the Age of Technology), and its analysis of the so-called new subjectivism. The article ends with a critical conclusion, in which the author makes note of certain ideological incongruities in Gehlen’s philosophical standpoint.

8

Dostrzegać szersze związki. O Filozofii społecznej Stanisława Janeczka i Anny Starościc

72%

Hułas M.

Roczniki Nauk Społecznych

|

2023

|

vol. 51

|

issue 4

203-219

EN

Social Philosophy fills the niche of the “academic market” with champions league scholarship and sets the lens for the accurate perception of socio-institutional order that is anchored to the tradition, which reflects the contemporary and is acceptingly open to the future. And this is due to the realism of the Christian philosophical tradition and to the paradigm of truth adopted in it, as measures for correct perceiving and reasoning. They help organize the diversified positions taken respectively by the authors and make it clear, that no matter how hard attempts are being made to produce truths by means of miscellaneous agreements, there is still such a thing as truth independent of consensus. Abolishing the latter, brings about axiological disorientation and eventuates in degenerating institutions viewed as accomplishments of Western civilization. Social Philosophy encapsulates the complex reality of social institutions in terms of the ends they are to fulfill; it informs not only about their nature and how they are to operate, but it embeds them in the wider contexts and their genealogical continuities.

PL

Filozofia społeczna wypełnia niszę „rynku akademickiego” pierwszoligową naukowością i ustawia soczewki oglądu porządku społeczno-instytucjonalnego, który jest zakorzeniony w tradycji, odzwierciedla teraźniejszość i jest akceptująco otwarty na przyszłość. A wszystko dzięki realizmowi chrześcijańskiej tradycji filozofii i paradygmatowi prawdy przyjętym jako miary poprawnego widzenia i wnioskowania. Porządkują one zróżnicowane stanowiska autorów, przypominając, że bez względu na to, jak bardzo usiłuje się ustalać prawdziwości na drodze różnego rodzaju porozumień, istnieje coś takiego jak prawda niezależna od konsensów. Jej negowanie dezorientuje aksjologicznie społeczeństwa i prowadzi do degeneracji instytucji będących cywilizacyjnymi osiągnięciami Zachodu. Filozofia społeczna integralnie ujmuje złożoną rzeczywistość instytucji w perspektywie ich inherentnych celów; nie tylko przypomina, czym są i jak funkcjonują, ale też osadza je w ich szerszych kontekstach i genealogicznych ciągłościach.

9

Granice reformy więziennictwa

62%

Porowski M., Rzepliński A.

Archiwum Kryminologii

|

1986

|

issue XIII

141-172

EN

A reform consists in the intention to introduce changes into a given system of social institutions which would not be aimed at its radical and qualitative transformation but would resolve themselves into improvement or rationalization. The reformatory thought may be inspired by conservative, liberal or radical attitudes which determine the motives, limits and profoundness of the changes. In the present paper, a conception of a reform of the prison system has been presented which would assimilate its contents to the substance of punishment, i.e. retribution in its humanistic interpretation and the values that come to the foreground of the axiological system of our times. These values are included in the notion of the dignity of a human being which results from treating man as the aim in itself and a being endowed with free will. The authors have assumed in the present paper that when reforming the prison system, all of its elements can be manipulated with the following exceptions: deprivation of the isolated person of his right to decide about his place of abode, and his duty to stay in a place determined by the authority which executes the penalty. Therefore, the following things can be changed: the ideological grounds of the system, i.e. its aims, functions and the role it plays in the global system of interests; external organization of the system, i.e. its -management regulation of interactions between the isolated and the isolating communities, organization the staff; material equipment of the system, i.e. buildings and their architecture, the arrangements concerning security, economy nd production. The authors oppose the conception which has been called here the reason of humanized retribution to the two contemporary variants of the prison policy. Ideologists of the first of them (the variant oriented at a psycho-social corrective treatment) model prisons having in view the future law abiding functioning of the offender in the society. An individual is here but a ,.human material" which is to undergo transformation as a result of the application of adequate measures. Ideologists of the second variant (one oriented at education through work) emphasize the social needs not connected with the prisoner who is treated as a quantum of man power that can be used. Retribution is inherent in the prison policy irrespective of the intention of its promotors and executors. After all it is one of the elements of the execution of penalty. The moral value of retribution resulting from a just punishment was recognized in the philosophy and dogmatic assumptions of pastoral theology. Recognizing punishment to be the offender’s personal right, we at the same time recognize his dignity due to a rational person. Therefore, punishment based on retribution certifying to the subjectivity and dignity of an human being, is tantamount to the humane attitude. To render possible the realization of the reason of humanized retribution, definite conditions have to emerge. These are: consistently grounding the punishment on the responsibility for the commission of a given act: this excludes the use of the perpetrator’s way of life, state or personality, and opinions as the essential criteria for meeting out punishment, and leads to the imposition of prison sentences for the most serious crimes only; stopping both the building of new prisons an the artificial increase of the capacity of the existing ones; overcoming the barrier of functional connections between prisons and state enterprises which use the immates cheap and first of all easily disposable man power. The reform of the prison policy inspired by the reason of humanized retribution can be expressed in three fundamental postulates which are: (i) the principle of the rule of law and that of mutual respect for the legel status of the prison staff and of the inmates; (ii) the principle of respect for the prisoners dignity; (iii) and the principle of minimalization of isolation of the prison system and of increasing its integration with the outside social environment. The rule of law which is the content of the first principle is the order not only of an absolute observance of the law, but also of the consistence of its contents with the achievements of civilization and morals of the global , society. Thus, on the one hand, the importance of the law as an instrument to eliminate arbitrariness of decisions from the process of execution of penalty is emphasized here, and, on the other hand, the postulate acquires justification that the prisoners' rights - instead of resulting from discretional decisions - be the articulation of the socially accepted values and their realization in accordance with the spirit of times. Thus the prisoners rights become the content and at the same time the safeguard of an humane attitude towards him. The recognition of the rule of law as the central principle of the prison policy is justified by the very reason of humanized retribution. According to this principle. the process of execution of the deprivation o [ liberty is treated as a sui generis legal relationship between the prison management and the prisoner. the safeguard o[ which is the principle of mutual respect for the both parties legal positions. The construction of a definite catalogue of these rights is the task of the legislation. In any case, the prisoner retains his rights to the extent appropriate of any citizen in barracks. The only thing the penal isolation eliminates is the personal participation in the outside social life. A specific prison right is the inmates' right to use the period of isolation in the way that would be most helpful for their evelopment, which means, among other things the opportunity to participate in treatment alternatives offerred to them, or the conditions for individual development. For the principle of mutual respect of legal statuses to be realized, the prisoner should be equipped with effective means of execution of his rights. This is dictated by two reasons. Firstly, the conception of the process of execution of the penalty of deprivation of liberty as a legal relationship between the prisoner and the management naturally brings the normative factor. to the fore; secondly, prison-as an extremely dense social environment-releases tensions increased by the particural susceptibility to aggression on the part of both of its communities. The prison policy is a negation of the principle of respect for the prisoner’s human dignity in the present interpretation, its contents being adjusted to the Spartan attitude towards men in which an human being has an instrumental Value only. Therefore, he may be modeled after a freely chosen pattern by means of open repression, behavioural conditioning and other kinds of manipulation. On the other hand, the opposite Socratean model of influencing the individual is consistent with the authors assumptions. According to this model, the principal means of the so-called prisoners resocialization are discussed in the paper (work, education, access to culture, as well as punishment and award), in the effort to define them in such a way as never to disturb the ideological contents of the Socratean attitude towards the development of the individual. Prisons are social institutions for which everybody is responsible, though to a varying degree. This gives significance to the principle of minimum of isolation and integration of the prison with the outside social milieu. In this connection, a detailed discussion has been included in the present paper of the forms of isolation (internal, external), the effects of its accomplishment (material and social), and the effects of alienation of penal institutions ( totalitarization, prisonization, exlusion of social control, strict control of contacts with the outside social milieu). To sum up, the approach presented in the present paper is aimed at overcoming the stereotype that consist in a critical analysis of the separate elements of the prison system without a comprehensive appraisal of its theoretical and practical values. This stereotype does nothing but consolidate the system the value of which has never been verified, and results in the prison policy becoming more and more eclectic.

10

Czynniki kryminogenne przestępczości socjalnej

58%

Kukuła Z.

Ubezpieczenia Społeczne. Teoria i praktyka

|

2018

|

issue 4/2018

29-46

PL

Problematyka związana z badaniem przyczyn przestępczości socjalnej jest wciąż mało znana tak w nauce prawa karnego, jak i w samych instytucjach socjalnych. Tymczasem znajomość przyczyn odpowiedzialnych za występowanie przestępstw jest niewątpliwie znaczącym narzędziem przeciwdziałającym występowaniu tego niekorzystnego zjawiska w przestrzeni społecznej. Zadanie ich rozpoznania i opracowania spoczywa w przeważającej mierze na kryminologii, nauce pomocniczej prawa karnego. Podjęto pierwsze wysiłki, aby osiągnąć ten cel, zwieńczone pewnym sukcesem zarówno gdy chodzi o ich teoretyczne zdiagnozowanie, jak i weryfikację pod postacią przeprowadzonych badań. Przynoszą one interesujące ustalenia, które pozwalają na klasyfikację istniejących czynników kryminogennych przestępczości socjalnej do czterech grup. Można z dużą pewnością przyjąć, że podstawowym motywem popychającym sprawców do popełniania tego rodzaju czynów jest chęć zdobycia dodatkowego, nielegalnego dochodu. Poza tym za pozostałe czynniki kryminogenne można uznać wadliwość obowiązujących przepisów, brak środków do życia oraz bezrobocie. Należy z całą stanowczością zaznaczyć, że proces badania potencjalnych czynników kryminogennych przestępczości socjalnej został dopiero rozpoczęty, a nauka ma na tym polu jeszcze wiele zadań do wykonania.

EN

The issues related to the study of the causes of social crime are still little known both in the science of criminal law and in the social institutions themselves. Meanwhile, knowledge of the causes responsible for the occurrence of crimes is undoubtedly a significant tool counteracting the occurrence of this unfavorable phenomenon within the social space. The task of their recognition and development rests predominantly on criminology and auxiliary criminal law. The first efforts were made to achieve this goal, crowned with some success, both in terms of their theoretical diagnosis and verification in the form of conducted research. They bring interesting findings, allowing for a classification of existing criminogenic factors in social crime within four groups. One can assume with a high degree of certainty that the basic motive for pushing offenders to commit such acts is the desire to gain an additional, illegal income. Apart from that, the other criminogenic factors may be considered to be the defective nature of existing regulations, a lack of livelihood and unemployment. It should be noted with full certainty that the process of investigating the potential criminogenic factors of social crime has only just begun, and science has much to do in this field.

11

Antropologia filozoficzna Arnolda Gehlena jako model krytyki społeczeństwa

58%

Czerniak S.

Filozofia i Nauka

|

2015

|

vol. 3

57-75

EN

The author distinguishes three notions of philosophical anthropology and at the same time three developmental streams of this domain. He considers the relations linking philosophical anthropology with critical social philosophy. Next, he explicates the main assumptions of Arnold Gehlen’s philosophical anthropology, and searches for an answer to the following question: how those assumptions influence the categorical specificity of Gehlen’s critique of the postmodern society embraced in the notion of contemporary institutions crisis. The author elaborates those analyses by referring to Gehlen’s work Die Seele im technischen Zeitalter and to the carried out there analyses of the so called new subjectivism. The article is concluded by critical investigations on some ideational inconsistencies of Gehlen’s philosophical position.

PL

Autor wyróżnia trzy różne wykładnie pojęcia i zarazem nurty rozwojowe antropologii filozoficznej oraz zastanawia się nad relacjami łączącymi je z krytyczną filozofią społeczną. Przechodzi następnie do eksplikacji głównych założeń antropologii filozoficznej Arnolda Gehlena i szuka odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jaki sposób rzutowały one na kategorialną swoistość jego krytyki społeczeństwa ponowożytnego pod pojęciowym szyldem współczesnego „kryzysu instytucji”. Autor uszczegóławia te analizy odwołując się do pracy Gehlena Die Seele im technischen Zeitalter oraz do przeprowadzonych w niej analiz tzw. nowego subiektywizmu. Artykuł kończy krytyczna konkluzja, w której rozważane są pewne ideowe niespójności stanowiska filozoficznego Gehlena.

Refine search results

PRZEMOC PSYCHICZNA W RODZINIE – GLOBALNE WYZWANIE ZRÓWNOWAŻONEGO ROZWOJU

Zagadnienia kulturowe w ekonomii

Institutional Transformation in the Agricultural Sector of the former Soviet Bloc

Challenges of modernity and the influence of mass culture on the quality of education (based on the results of sociological research in the sphere of education)

“Social Embeddedness” Viewed from an Institutional Perspective Revision of a Core Principle of New Economic Sociology with Special Regard to Max Weber

Co się działo we wsi Chorzów przed plebiscytem? Kościół – przemysł – rolnictwo w perspektywie socjologii wizualnej

The Philosophical Anthropology of Arnold Gehlen as a Critique of the Age of Technology

Dostrzegać szersze związki. O Filozofii społecznej Stanisława Janeczka i Anny Starościc

Granice reformy więziennictwa

Czynniki kryminogenne przestępczości socjalnej

Antropologia filozoficzna Arnolda Gehlena jako model krytyki społeczeństwa