Search results

1

Theoretical and methodological discussion on social and cultural memory in international perspective

100%

Nycz G.

Central European Papers

|

2020

|

vol. 8

|

issue 2

45-64

EN

The following text is centered on theory and methodology of memory studies in international perspective. The text explains the differences between focus and scope of various approaches to memory studies, those relying mostly on collective experience, those discovering cultural memory and the approach centered on the social dimension of the latter. The aim of the paper is to give a short introduction to key research accomplishments in the area of memory studies and to present short account on the critically disputed important international cases of high importance of memory in world politics. The paper presents various methodological paths to study memory as a part of social, cultural and collective experience, focusing on current international discussions regarding how past may impact present global relations. The presented methodological orientations are both contributing to better understanding of the construction of the past in public/ social area and to the knowledge on conscious efforts of controlling the selected chapters of history to serve the national (or ideological) purpose.

2

Od/budowa Zamku Królewskiego w Poznaniu i spory o poznańską pamięć społeczną

100%

Skoczylas Ł.

Przegląd Zachodni

|

2014

|

issue 2(351)

286-298

EN

In 2010 began the re/building of the Royal Castle in Poznań, which was demolished in 1796. The process, which was initiated by the Committee for the Rebuilding of the Royal Castle arouses strong controversy. The builders of the castle are accused of falsifying history and destroying the original remains of the old castle. However, the committee was able to reach both political and social support for the rebuilding and collect money for this aim. Due to a very long absence of the castle in the urban space and lack of any certainty as to its original outlook, the object which is being built can be called an implant of social memory. An implant of memory is an object, whose function is to construct a particular knowledge of the past, becoming the carrier of this knowledge through its own form – imitating the forms of ancient objects, buildings etc. The article focuses on the national motivations of the people who take part in the reconstruction process (members of the committee and people who support it) and also on the national motivation of the opponents of the re/building. It turns out that both parties use arguments based on the complex history of the city of Poznań and the rivalry between the Polish and the German national identification. To one party the castle is a symbol of Polishness while to the other – of Germanness. The motivation of the creators is largely connected with social memory whereas the motivation of the opponents with history understood as an academic discipline.

3

HISTORIA – PAMIĘĆ – LITERATURA.O KILKU ASPEKTACH TRUDNEGO ZWIĄZKU

100%

Twardy E.

Rocznik Przemyski

|

2017

|

vol. 53

|

issue 2(21): Literatura i Język

15-24

XX

The article discusses the most representative theories and views regarding collective memory and its relations with literature. As literary studies have not yet developed appropriate research methods and the relevant academic reflection refers to the terminology and the system of notions developed by related sciences, the author starts her discussion from presenting classical theories by Maurice Halbwachs, Jacques Le Goff, Hayden White and Paul Ricoeur. In this perspective it is easy to notice that literature may be perceived as a medium of memory or a means of its formation. The second part of the text is devoted to the relations between literature and memory as seen by Ansgar Nünning and Astrid Erll, who distinguished three basic categories: memory of literature, memory in literature and literature as a medium of memory. The reflection on their findings allows to treat literature as an integral part of memory culture.

4

Selected social phenomena following the extraction of mineral resources

100%

Kocoń P.

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies

|

2014

|

vol. 2

|

issue 4

47-51

EN

The author, due to the didactic needs and seeing a small gap in the way of presenting scientific data on the area of social science, have decided to present this work hoping that it will influence on widening both the social science and geography knowledge of the recipients, having connected the development and creation of certain social phenomena with particular economic activity, that is, the extraction of mineral resources. The aim of the hereby text is to present such social phenomena like organizational culture, discourse and social capital. The notions mentioned above ought to concern not only students, but also the specialists and scientists dealing with any of those two fields, as it seems prudent to follow the path of closely connecting two major issues emerging from two distinctively separate areas of science if that may help to better understand how such mixture influence people’s behaviour and allows to draw conclusion on the effect such actions may have on community or society. Moreover, such fact was prior for the author to decide to work on the problem of protests for mining in the future. On the other hand, the article may help in organizing the process of exploitation of mineral resources in the different organizations involved in this type of activity.

5

Maurice Halbwachs, social memory, and the Greek lyric poets

100%

Schade G.

Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

|

2016

|

vol. 26

|

issue 1

41-52

EN

Literary texts may enable a much later reader to observe how collective memory interrelates with personalremembrance. This goes without saying for Jane Austen or George Eliot. What is new, however, is that passagesfrom epinician poetry by Simonides, Pindar, and Bacchylides may inform on the same process, i.e. theinvention of a society’s collective remembrance, or social memory. The argument is inspired by MauriceHalbwachs, according to whom a society’s cultural complexity is revealed by literature. Halbwachs readBalzac and Dickens, he often cited Stendhal and even Proust, but the practice of which he speaks obtained alsoin those groups in antiquity where Sappho and Alcaeus performed.

6

Walka o miejsca pamięci w przestrzeni dwunarodowej gminy Sejny

100%

Wójcikowska K.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

|

2014

|

vol. 23

65-82

EN

The purpose of this article is to analyse the conflicts over the memorials (sites of memory) in the space of the binational Polish-Lithuanian community of Sejny. The community of Sejny is the second largest concentration of the Lithuanian minority in Poland. In the second half of the 19th century the city was one of the most important centers of Lithuanian culture and the national revival. During the Interwar Period and the People’s Republic of Poland the region was subjected to the polonization policy, which attempted to remove the traces of Lithuanian culture and strengthen the symbolic dominance of the Polish majority. The systemic transformation in Poland provided Lithuanians with formal guarantees to protect group’s memory. In the article I would like to present the most important activities of the Lithuanian community after 1989 aimed at symbolic commemoration of its national and cultural heritage in the public sphere, Polish reactions to it and the conflicts resulting thereof. Referring to the concepts of social memory and the dispute about symbolic domain, I explore the importance attached by both sides to both already created or just planned sites of memory. In the summary, I consider the role of memorials in the transformation of the identity of the place and its inhabitants.

7

Poznańska Cytadela w oczach liderów pamieci spolecznej

100%

Skoczylas Ł.

Przegląd Zachodni

|

2016

|

issue 2(359)

199-209

EN

The article analyzes the interpretations attributed to the Citadel Park in Poznań by leaders of social memory in the context of the city’s past, its current urban structure and tourist traffic. The study is based on the analysis of forty individual in-depth interviews with people engaged in changing the carriers of social memory present in the urban space of Poznań.

8

Pomniki w mieście. Pogranicza pamięci i historii

100%

Hołda R.

Studia Etnologiczne i Antropologiczne

|

2013

|

vol. 13

57-72

EN

The world has been experiencing the era of commemoration for several decades. The events and heroes, usually doomed to oblivion until recently, are being commemorated. Many monuments appear out of an initiative of social committees. Monuments create places important for towns in which social memory is celebrated. They are an affective reference to the past and a material basis of remembering. They bring the images of the past back, facilitate remembering, as well as judge the events and establish the heroes and anti-heroes of the history. Nowadays, a traditional approach to public monuments, marked by respect, are accompanied by unconventional forms of their usage, revealing the idea crisis of such monuments as sanctified places of memory.

9

Pamięć jako narzędzie walki w konfliktach etnicznych. Casus Irlandii Północnej

100%

Szczecińska-Musielak E.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

|

2014

|

issue 5(31/1)

483-503

EN

In case of ethnic conflicts, groups may use memories or symbols of casualties or events which happened during conflict, as a specific symbolic weapon. Weapon addressed to the opponent, usually “the other” group defined as “enemy”, but in the same time as a message addressed to “my” group. Visual displays of Ulster conflict – murals, flags and emblems, painted kerbstones – have been used not only to create patterns of social memory and remembering but also social‑ethnic group identity. These visual displays play significant role in constructing Belfast landscape and Belfast “ethnic identity”.

10

Pamięć w perspektywie Radykalnego Konstruktywizmu

100%

Balicki B.

Pamiętnik Literacki

|

2013

|

vol. 104

|

issue 4

35-52

PL

Artykuł prezentuje koncepcje pamięci w ramach nurtu Radykalnego Konstruktywizmu. W pierwszej części autor przedstawia charakterystykę tego nurtu i jego stosunek do klasycznych koncepcji poznania i wiedzy. Radykalny Konstruktywizm charakteryzowany jest jako nurt w filozofii nauki, który wywodzi zdolności poznawcze człowieka z jego biologicznej natury i autopojetycznej organizacji, co pozwala na uzasadnienie poglądu, iż system poznawczy człowieka jest systemem zamkniętym, wytwarzającym wiedzę o świecie w postaci modeli działań w środowisku. W drugiej części artykułu autor prezentuje konstruktywistyczne rozumienie pamięci jako fenomenu neurologicznego, świadomościowego i społecznego. Pamięć w porządku neurologicznym zawiera się w architekturze połączeń nerwowych, w porządku świadomościowym określa się ją jako zdolność elaboracji wspomnień i ich opracowywania w celu społecznej negocjacji. Pamięć społeczną zaś określają struktury interakcji jednostek, związanych ze sobą ponadindywidualnymi relacjami o charakterze systemowym.

EN

The article presents the concept of memory within the limits of Radical Constructivism. In the first part the author describes the characteristics of this approach and its attitude to the classical conceptions of cognition and knowledge. Radical Constructivism is viewed as a trend in philosophy of science which derives human cognitive abilities from his biological nature and autopoietic organisation, which justifies the view that human cognitive system is a closed system that shapes knowledge about the world in the form of action construct models of the natural world. In the second part the author discusses constructivist models of memory, understood as a neurological, consciousness, and social phenomenon. The memory seen from a neurological perspective is contained in the architecture of neural connections, as a matter of consciousness it is defined as an ability of memories elaborations and their arrangement for social negotiations, while social memory is explicated by structures of units interaction bound by supra-individual relations of systemic nature.

11

Implantowanie pamięci migracyjnej. Konceptualizacja i przykład Muzeum Emigracji w Gdyni

100%

Nowak M.

Przegląd Zachodni

|

2019

|

issue 2 (371)

211-228

EN

The aim of the paper is to apply the conceptual plane put forward together with the concept of “memory implants” to the phenomenon of emigration. Deployment of the topic category requires a reconceptualization which was done on the basis of the approaches of Marian Golka and Florian Znaniecki. As the author passes in chronological order from one stage of the research process to the next, he proposes a working definition of concepts and then uses the outlined conception in the description of a specific case: the museum exposition of the Emigration Museum in Gdynia. Conclusions that follow from the proposed analysis tend towards a content description of the migration narration of the museum, a capturing of the moments of implanting memory and illustration of how the implants operate. At the same time the analysis shows, at least potentially, the cultural factors that allow one to understand the mass character of the Polish experience of emigration. The article has the status of a qualitative exploration based on a neo-classical approach to the theory of Florian Znaniecki, including his concept of value and the humanistic coefficient as well as the interpretation of the topical concept of memory implant developed in the milieu of Poznań sociologists. The monographic material was collected during two visits to the Emigration Museum in September 2018.

12

Development of intercultural communication competence – on the basis of a study conducted among Polish and Israeli secondary school students

100%

Sacharczuk J.

Edukacja Międzykulturowa

|

2021

|

vol. 14

|

issue 1

193-206

EN

The presented diagnostic study concerning intercultural competence was carried out in the pedagogical context of intercultural education. The research place was chosen purposively: it resulted from the intercultural character of Białystok. In the interwar period that the study refers to, the biggest national groups in the town were Poles and Jews. There were also Belarusians, Russians, Germans and Tatars. As part of the analysis of intercultural competence of students from Poland and Israel I focused on the respondents’ declarations concerning their knowledge of the social structure of pre-war Białystok. Then, I determined what motivates secondary school students to learn about the past. Developing the competence in the affective/motivational area is of key importance in intercultural communication. Identifying the reasons why secondary school students from Poland and Israel find it worth learning about the history of their ancestors is as important as knowledge of the history of our cultural group and other cultures. It was also important to determine the level of Polish youths’ readiness to communicate with students from Israel, and vice versa. Diagnosing the students’ competence allows educators to plan adequate educational activities aimed at broadening intercultural competence, to strengthen the existing resources, to improve the weak points, and fill in the gaps.

13

“And Is It Really in Lubawka?” Young People and Wanted and Unwanted Cultural Heritage

100%

Cukras-Stelągowska J., Stelągowski J.

Kultura i Edukacja

|

2013

|

issue 6(99)

111-134

EN

In our research we are seeking for a Lower Silesian identity, we are especially interested in the Polish-German cultural heritage in social remembrance (or social oblivion). In the article our basic purpose is to provide the grounds for discussion about the presence of the sacred space in social memory (the old German Calvary as a part of contemporary Lubawka’s cultural heritage), using group interviews with visual presentations to stimulate a journey back into the past, to familiarize with the place and its images. We aim at the reconstruction of “social frames of memory”, the moments when the small sacral architecture began to lose its religious mad social power, and we also want to show young residents’ attitudes towards this process. The project also seems to have some social value because it may become an introduction to the debate on preserving the Calvary as an element of local identity.

14

Doing Fieldwork on Sensitive Topics: Navigating Memories of Intergroup Violence Committed by Ingroups in Contemporary Poland

88%

Magierowski M.

ASK. Research and Methods

|

2017

|

vol. 26

|

issue 1

81-98

EN

Sensitive topics in qualitative fieldwork typically include health problems, sexual practices, addictions, illegal activity and death (Campbell 2002; Lee 1993; Liamputtong 2006). Yet, the situation of memories of intergroup violence committed by ingroup members on outgroups ‒ where a community is confronted with the fact that their fellow members have harmed members of other groups ‒ should also be considered as a sensitive topic. An especially sensitive situation occurs when research is conducted in a small community with relatively strong social control maintained through networks of relationships between its members. The aim of this paper is to explore the sensitivity of respondents in their remembering and forgetting of the harm done by members of their own group to the “Others” in local communities, to diagnose the difficulties in conducting fieldwork on this topic, and to present various methods of overcoming them. This article is based on experience from a project dedicated to the social memory of violence committed by Poles against members of other ethnic groups within local communities during World War II.

15

Ethnic diversity in the construction of life stories in Latvia

88%

Garda-Rozenberga I., Zirnīte M.

Acta Baltico-Slavica

|

2017

|

vol. 41

EN

Ethnic diversity in the construction of life stories in LatviaLatvian society is ethnically diverse and has the largest proportion of ethnic minorities of the three Baltic States. The article draws upon life-story research with respondents from Russian and Romany communities in Latvia. These communities have different social, historical and cultural experiences, thereby allowing them to be contrasted and compared. Ethnic diversity can be considered one of the benefits of Latvia’s cultural identity because it provides the opportunity not only to become acquainted with the characteristics and uniqueness of each culture but also to establish which traits unite these cultures, thereby creating a harmonious space which can accommodate cultural diversity. Biographical interviews facilitate the juxtaposition and comparative interpretation of cultural values, ways of belonging, and the articulation of collective memory in different ethnic groups.The article expands the analytical part of the sources: how the personal life stories are connected with the broader (general) social and historical narratives. A few samples are used to characterise narration techniques, cultural references in the construction of life stories and its layout, as well as imagery. The main feature studied in the article is self-positioning in the general course of history and in the history of the defined geographical space – Latvia. Zróżnicowanie etniczne w konstruowaniu historii życia na ŁotwieSpołeczeństwo łotewskie jest zróżnicowane etnicznie i spośród trzech państw bałtyckich ma największy odsetek mniejszości etnicznych. Artykuł opiera się na badaniach nad historią życia respondentów pochodzących z zamieszkujących Łotwę mniejszości rosyjskiej i romskiej. Mają one odmienne doświadczenia społeczne, historyczne i kulturowe, dzięki czemu można je zestawiać i porównywać. Zróżnicowanie etniczne może być uważane za jedną z zalet tożsamości kulturowej Łotwy, ponieważ stwarza możliwość nie tylko poznania cech i unikatowości każdej z kultur, lecz także pozwala ustalić, które cechy spajają te kultury, tym samym stwarzając harmonijną przestrzeń, w której jest miejsce na różnorodność etniczną. Wywiady biograficzne ułatwiają wzajemne przeciwstawienie i porównawcze interpretacje wartości kulturowych, sposobu przynależenia, jak też artykułowania pamięci zbiorowej u różnych grup etnicznych.Artykuł poszerza część analityczną źródeł w kwestii, jak osobista historia życia łączy się z szerszymi, ogólnymi narracjami społecznymi i historycznymi. Na kilku przykładach scharakteryzowano zarówno techniki narracji, odniesienia kulturowe w budowaniu historii życia i ich układów, jak też obrazowania. Zasadniczą cechą badaną w tym artykule jest autosytuowanie siebie w ogólnym przebiegu historii i w historii określonej przestrzeni geograficznej na Łotwie.

16

Magic in the Social Construction of the Past: the Case of Teschen Silesia

88%

Kajfosz J.

Polish Sociological Review

|

2013

|

vol. 183

|

issue 3

351-368

EN

The aim of the paper is to consider such ethnolinguistic categories as magic, connotation, and cognitive blending as possible keys to the following questions: How is it possible that we can perfectly adopt different representations of the past and internalize them as our past? How can we reconcile different representations of the past and how is it possible that diverse representations of the past merge in one social memory? Such amalgamations of various forms of representations and diverse scales of objectification can be clarified by means of the theory of magic, by means of the law of resemblance, and the law of contiguity. Such considerations are supported here by empirical study of the construction of social memories in Teschen Silesia, which was divided between Poland and Czechoslovakia in 1920. On both sides of the new border different state institutions emerged and influenced local memories.

17

Green Wrocław: Urban narratives of three post-war generations of Wrocław’s inhabitants

88%

Biskupska K.

Polish Journal of Landscape Studies

|

2020

|

vol. 3

|

issue 6

9-26

EN

This study is an invitation to reflect on issues that fall within the area of collective memory, an area that awaits further in-depth analysis. More specifically, this article is a proposal of a broader study on cultural landscape and places of memory than that which is dominant in the sociological literature. In particular, I examine the relationship between the inhabitants of the Polish “Western Lands” and the material German heritage of the cities in which they happen to live. I mainly focus on the relation between socially constructed memory and greenery-a “negligible” part of the space of human life. As I demonstrate in the article, the “green” narrations about Wrocław created after World War II are lasting and are still present in the stories of city’s inhabitants today.

18

Z biegiem Piaśnicy. Miejsca pamięci wokół "granicy fantomowej" na Północnych Kaszubach

88%

Sacha M. I.

Przegląd Zachodni

|

2014

|

issue 3(352)

169-183

EN

The paper focuses on the question whether the former Polish-German border along the Piaśnica River in Northern Kashubia is also a ‘long-term-duration’ border. The old border, although no longer on the political map after 1945, still exists in the collective memory of the inhabitants of the former borderland. The ‘phantom border’ is tangible in material memorials and in language use. A particular case is the social memory of the inhabitants of the village Nadole, which was a Polish enclave on the German side of Lake Żarnowieckie between 1920-1939. The paper presents results of research on this memory conducted through text analysis of historical sources and ethnographic interviews with the local people. A local myth of the ‘hero’s journey’ plays an important role for the construction of the social memory of Nadole. Various Kashubian political activists can be cast as the hero. Until today the memory of the interwar period has been the basis of the image of ‘Us’ and ‘the Others’.

19

Oflagi w pamięci indywidualnej i zbiorowej

88%

Matuchniak-Krasuska A.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

|

2015

|

issue 4(35)

243-256

EN

The text presents basic historical data about oflags, and also sociological concepts useful for their analysis. Oflag, is a short form for Offizierslager für kriegsgefangene Offiziere, a German prisoner of war camp for officers which existed during the 2nd World War. Within twenty military regions of Germany, there were almost 800 different camps, where 10 million prisoners of war from Europe and United States of America were incarcerated (among them there were half a million of Polish officers and soldiers). Oflags are subject of many historical, sociological and psychological studies. Concepts of totalitarian institutions by E. Goffman, culture and its collerates by S. Ossowski, cultural systems by A. Kłoskowska and B. Sułkowski, social frames of remembrance by M. Halbswach, are all helpful in oflags description and analysis. The framework of this study is an analysis of social remembrance – individual and collective, and its carriers – cultural correlates, such as necropolises, sites of former prisoner of war camps, utility objects, artistic objects (graphics, sculptures, literary texts, songs), documents (photographs, letters). They operate in private and public circuits, where memory sphere abrades with non remembrance sphere – oblivion and exclusion.

20

Obraz przeszłości w percepcji magiczno‑mitycznej, czyli pamięć w działaniu

88%

Kajfosz J.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

|

2015

|

issue 4(35)

27-40

EN

The aim of the paper is to identify a specific type of cognitive conduct, which can be called magical-mythical perception and thinking. It is based on a relevant habitus and its principle is indistinctness (blending, blurring), where differences between diverse phenomena, memory images and notions disappear in perception and imagination, as well as between denotation and connotation. Such an indistinctness can have considerable impact on social memories. The author identifies in such a cognitive conduct the possible key to the following questions: How is it possible that we can perfectly adopt different representations of the past and internalize them as our past? How can we reconcile different representations of the past and how is it possible that diverse representations of the past merge in one social memory? Such amalgamations of various forms of representations and diverse scales of objectification can be clarified by means of the theory of magic and by means of Roland Barthes´ theory of myth. The main proposition of the paper is to identify, for the first, the unconscious structure (a habitus formed in the historical process), which defines a manner of experiencing the world, speaking about the world and making choices in that world. For the second, the criteria a person uses to select and evaluate narratives about the past.

Refine search results

Theoretical and methodological discussion on social and cultural memory in international perspective

Od/budowa Zamku Królewskiego w Poznaniu i spory o poznańską pamięć społeczną

HISTORIA – PAMIĘĆ – LITERATURA.O KILKU ASPEKTACH TRUDNEGO ZWIĄZKU

Selected social phenomena following the extraction of mineral resources

Maurice Halbwachs, social memory, and the Greek lyric poets

Walka o miejsca pamięci w przestrzeni dwunarodowej gminy Sejny

Poznańska Cytadela w oczach liderów pamieci spolecznej

Pomniki w mieście. Pogranicza pamięci i historii

Pamięć jako narzędzie walki w konfliktach etnicznych. Casus Irlandii Północnej

Pamięć w perspektywie Radykalnego Konstruktywizmu

Implantowanie pamięci migracyjnej. Konceptualizacja i przykład Muzeum Emigracji w Gdyni

Development of intercultural communication competence – on the basis of a study conducted among Polish and Israeli secondary school students

“And Is It Really in Lubawka?” Young People and Wanted and Unwanted Cultural Heritage

Doing Fieldwork on Sensitive Topics: Navigating Memories of Intergroup Violence Committed by Ingroups in Contemporary Poland

Ethnic diversity in the construction of life stories in Latvia

Magic in the Social Construction of the Past: the Case of Teschen Silesia

Green Wrocław: Urban narratives of three post-war generations of Wrocław’s inhabitants

Z biegiem Piaśnicy. Miejsca pamięci wokół "granicy fantomowej" na Północnych Kaszubach

Oflagi w pamięci indywidualnej i zbiorowej

Obraz przeszłości w percepcji magiczno‑mitycznej, czyli pamięć w działaniu