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Res Rhetorica
|
2016
|
vol. 3
|
issue 1
30-49
EN
The paper proposes a model of rhetoric based on the theoretical and methodological framework of constructivist positions on knowledge and discourse. The main claim is that the ideological meaning, and specifi cally of political discourse, can be analyzed from a dual perspective, ‘socio-cognitive’ and 'rhetorical-constructivist’. Such an analysis shows that the construction of meaning is inseparable from the deliberate choice made by the agent in communicative practices. The paper claims that rhetoric should return to its origins as a tool for citizens, and that it could become an important instrument for explaining the conflicts of current social and political discourse.
EN
Towards a unified, socio-cognitive approach to language-mediated intercultural competenceVery few intercultural competence (IC) models include language, and those that do so portray the notion in an inconsonant manner. Nonetheless, research shows that language assures successful intercultural communication. Thus, this article stresses the need for a unified socio-cognitive approach which will introduce common and solid foundations for the role and nature of both language and IC. The article demonstrates that such an integrated framework, built on a reappraised notion of language, helps to overcome numerous dichotomies within IC models and leads to the emergence of a unified approach to language-mediated IC. W kierunku ujednoliconego, socjo-kognitywnego podejścia do kompetencji interkulturowej opartego na językuNieliczne modele kompetencji interkulturowej (ang. IC) uwzględniają język, a te, które to robią, przedstawiają to pojęcie w niekonsekwentny sposób. Jednak badania pokazują, że język jest gwarantem efektywnej komunikacji interkulturowej. Niniejszy artykuł podkreśla potrzebę ujednoliconego podejścia socjo-kognitywnego, które oparte jest na wspólnych podstawach łączących rolę i naturę zarówno języka, jak i kompetencji interkulturowej. W artykule wykazujemy, że takie zintegrowane podejście, zbudowane na przeformułowanej koncepcji języka, pomaga przezwyciężyć liczne dychotomie w modelach kompetencji interkulturowej i prowadzi do powstania jednolitego podejścia do kompetencji interkulturowej opartej na języku.
EN
This article presents an approach to analysing collective identity in discourse that distinguishes the linguistic and semiotic description of textual features from their socio-cognitive interpretation. Collective identities are theorised as conceptual structures comprising beliefs and knowledge, norms and values, attitudes and expectations as well as emotions, and as being reinforced and negotiated in discourse. A number of linguistic and semiotic features are suggested to ascertain what collective identities are constructed in texts and how. These include social actor representation, process types, evaluation, modality, metaphoric expressions and intertextuality. The findings from such an analysis are then linked to questions about genre and the participants and processes of discourse practice as well as to the social context and the ideologies by which it is dominated. The analytical procedure is exemplified with an excerpt from a retailer’s catalogue that is investigated for the discursive construction and socio-cognitive representation of gender and sexual identity.
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