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EN
The article contains selected results of research from spring 2020 among students of universities in Białystok. The author distinguished 9 types of socio-cultural identity in the religious dimension. He also made an attempt to establish a relationship between these types and selected features of the family environment. The following were used as independent variables: the level of parents’ education, opinions of the surveyed students on the level of parents’ religiosity and the relationship between the respondents and their parents in childhood and adolescence. The relationship between the number of children in the respondent’s family and the type of social and cultural identity in the religious dimension were also analyzed.
EN
Once a part of the social experience of a relatively small minority, eventually cricket, with its rich terminology, became a fixed concept for a large part of the English nation. With the passage of time, cricket started to lend vocabulary and phrases to areas of experience outside the sport and its literal domains. However, it is not the origin of a phrase that is responsible for its comprehension, nor is it its literal meaning; it is the fact that the phrase has become an established part of a conceptual system of the nation. The literal meaning of an idiomatic expression or the meaning of its individual components will generally be of little help in its interpretation. Frequently there does not seem to be a direct correlation between them and if a connection exists, it is often arbitrary. The main purpose of the article is to present a selection of nine idioms/metaphors the source domain of which is the English sport of cricket. An attempt is also made to show the possible degrees of correlation between the literal and non-literal meanings of the examples considered. For the analysis of the metaphors the conceptual metaphor theory developed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) has been applied.
Porównania
|
2017
|
vol. 20
|
issue 1
125-133
EN
The author analyses the literary treatments aimed at the demythologization of the Berehynia figure in selected novels by Oksana Zabuzhko, Sofija Andrukhovych and Natalka Sniadanko. Progressing from the nineties in a highly artistic literary discourse (and also in middle literature) the demythologization of the Berehynia figure is one of the most important elements of the process of the (re)construction of the female socio-cultural identity, as it contains the opposition of women to the existing situation.
PL
Autorka analizuje zabiegi literackie mające na celu demitologizację figury Berehyni w wybranych powieściach Oksany Zabużko, Sofiji Andruchowycz i Natałki Śniadanko. Postępująca od lat dziewięćdziesiątych w wysokoartystycznym dyskursie literackim oraz w literaturze środka demitologizacja figury Berehyni jest jednym z najważniejszych elementów procesu (re)konstruowania kobiecej tożsamości społeczno-kulturowej, gdyż zawiera się w tej demitologizacji sprzeciw kobiet wobec zastanej sytuacji. Współczesne autorki dobitnie pokazują, że za symbolem prawdziwej ukraińskiej kobiety kryją się różnorodne jednostki, mające swoje rzeczywiste problemy, doświadczenia i przede wszystkim niemające dotąd prawa do własnej reprezentacji.
EN
The paper is a sociological attempt to analyze ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism should not be treated as an embarrassing issue. It makes up inevitable barrier to communication between different cultures. Its representatives ought to be aware of it and do their best to minimalize its negative symptomps that are the reason for numerous contemporary conflicts. We can head them off by promoting direct, interpersonal relations and reflective communication. In prospect of European co-operation this topic is particularly important because it marks the common ground and proposition of safe and satysfying relations. Lifting ethnocentric barrier to communication by implementing competence into the process of intercultural education should turn out to be helpful in dally realization of multicultural society also in Europe. Negative signs of ethnocentrism are avoidable but, as proved above, we need to start this process very early by promoting the idea of tolerance and open dialog as soon as possible.
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