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PL
The author discusses the manifestations of the ways in which noblemen talked about and evaluated social and family life. He brings attention to the cult of a family home, respect for home tradition, brotherhood of the nobility and the will to get to know the world.
Poradnik Językowy
|
2020
|
vol. 779
|
issue 10
44-60
EN
The insuffi cient number of studies dedicated to the phraseology of works by Wacław Potocki (1621–1696) encouraged the author to examine this area of the Sarmatian writer’s oeuvre. This paper presents the outcome of a lexical and semantic analysis of 40 idioms excerpted from three representative works by the poet: Ogród nie plewiony (Unweeded Garden), Moralia (Morals), and Transakcja wojny chocimskiej (Transaction of the Hotin War). Based on the adopted material sample, an attempt was made to identify the characteristics of Sarmatism, a cultural formation of the Commonwealth the main representative of which was W. Potocki. To this end, the collected expressions and phrases were classifi ed by three thematic fi elds that were signifi cant for the sociolect of the nobility (, , ). An important complementation of the analysis of the Baroque phraseology is tracking it until modern times. The conducted comparative research of the lexical resources of the Polish language in its two distant periods showed that, despite the over three hundred years between the examined materials, the sarmatisation of language has still been a signifi cant component of the Polish culture.
PL
Psałterz Dawidów Mikołaja Reja to prozatorska parafraza Księgi Psalmów, której głównym celem było uprzystępnienie biblijnego tekstu XVI-wiecznemu odbiorcy. Dążność do konkretyzacji przyczyniła się do nieustannych ingerencji tłumacza w warstwę semantyczno-stylistyczną tekstu, zmianę obrazowania i „wymianę” realiów, co zaowocowało przedostaniem się do polskiego przekładu licznych reminiscencji szlacheckiej wspólnoty kulturowej. Są one obecne zarówno w planie treści: odwoływanie się do wspólnego dla szlacheckiego środowiska systemu wartości (rustykalność, służba ojczyźnie, przekonanie o uprzywilejowanej pozycji stanu szlacheckiego), jak i w planie języka: włączanie do tekstu elementów XVI-wiecznej etykiety językowej, typowej dla socjolektu szlacheckiego, oraz leksyki i frazeologii, znanej z codziennej mowy szlacheckiej wspólnoty.
EN
“David’s Psalter” by Mikołaj Rej is a prose paraphrase of The Book of Psalms whose main aim was to make the biblical text approachable to a 16th-century recipient. The pursuit of the concretization contributed to the continuous interference of the translator in the semantic and stylistic layer of the text, the change in imagery and the ‘exchange’ of reality. This cleared the way for the appearance in the Polish translation numerous images of the noble cultural community. They are present in both the plan of the stylistic layer: references to the system of values common for the nobility (rusticity, national service, the belief of the superiority of the nobility), and in the plan of the language: the inclusion in the text of the elements of 16th-century language etiquette typical of the sociolect of the nobility, as well as the lexicon and the phraseology known from the everyday speech of the nobility.
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