Search results

1

Jakość życia jako kategoria socjologiczna – od teorii do badań społecznych. Przypadek Rybnika

100%

Zygmunt A.

Political Preferences

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2017

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issue 17

215-236

EN

The aim of the article is to present the quality of life as a category which is used on the basis of social sciences, especially sociology, in the theoretical and empiricalaspect. It describes problems connected with quality of life defining. Complicated genesis, as well as interest in the issue of quality of life of representatives of various disciplines makes it difficult to understand it in an unequivocal way. On the basis of sociology, it has an intersubjective dimension, because the subject of the quality of life in sociological research is the community that is considered in a specific socio-cultural context. Its members express opinions about particular spheres of their own lives, assessing the level of their well-being. An example of sociological research on the quality of life are research carried out in Rybnik. While designing this research, the quality of life was operationalized by selecting indicators that were used in survey questions. The article presents selected results of research on the quality of life of Rybnik, and also draws attention to methodological problems encountered by sociologists investigating this issue.

2

Stan inteligencji środowiskowej studentów z Polski, Słowacji, Czech i Ukrainy

99%

Cynk K.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

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2018

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vol. 14

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issue 2

EN

Article consists from two part – theoretical, which contain conceptualization of basic concepts and empirical, in which have been presented investigative hypotheses and analysis of the data obtained results conducted research in Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic and Ukraine in 2015. The subject of the research was: “Environmental values in the awareness of the students of humanities and life sciences from the selected European countries”. Formulate conclusions are pessimistic enough. They indicate, that level of evolution of environmental intelligence is low among students, accompanies also deficit of feature of so called environmental personality ago. The highest level of environmental intelligence have presented non-believers and persons declaring other confession. In second variable they were inhabitants of cities. Results they should present impulse for taking of next research in this range.

3

Dalsze losy nieletnich i młodocianych sprawców przestępstw

87%

Batawia S., Żabczyńska E., Strzembosz A., Szymanowski T.

Archiwum Kryminologii

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1974

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issue VI

126-127

EN

Three follow-up studies were published, dealing with juvenile delinquents and young adult offenders, based on a random sample and material on: ‒ 100 boys charged with larcency, who during the period of the investigation in 1966 were barely 10-11 years old. This research concentrated in turn on all the 10-11 year-old boys charged with larcency and brought before a Juvenile Court in Warsaw; the follow-up period embraced 5 years; ‒ 358 former juveniles (10-16 years old) charged with theft in three districts of Warsaw and brought before a Juvenile Court in 1961-1962, whose further fate was investigated during the period when they were 17-20 years old and from among the same 243 former juveniles 13-16 years old, who in 1972 were already 24-27 years old; ‒ 17-20 year-old young adults released from 40 prisons throughout the country, after having served their sentences for various offences and whose subsequent recidivism was established during the course of 10 years from their release from prison in 1961. Two works, discussing the further recidivism of the juvenile delinquents, convicted for larcency obviously differ markedly regarding the age and follow-up period. The first work deals with the investigated up to the age of 15-16 only, the second also embraces the time when the former juveniles are already approximately 26 years old. However, both works unanimously emphasize the fundamental significance of early initiation of social maladjustment and demoralization for the prognosing of the rapidity and extent of recidivism. They stress the necessity to make use in practice as the only criterion for recidivism of juveniles, each new charge brought before a court and the number of times theft has been committed, being the subject of a given trial. Simultaneously these works reveal unanimously, that the majority of the juvenile delinquents charged with larcency, are brought up in families, which are unable to guarantee them the proper conditions for normal development and that in these families also many brothers of the juvenile delinquents charged with larcency revealed symptoms of social maladjustment and committed offences. The results of the studies under discussion also are unanimous as to the fact that with the majority of the juveniles could be found personality disorders. The material under discussion deserves special attention as regards the juvenile delinquents of the younger age groups. It is of great significance that many of the investigated 10‒11-year-olds charged with larcency committed theft already before. Long years of research, conducted by the Department of Criminology, Institute of Legal Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, testify to the fact that the majority of the juvenile delinquents charged with larcency and brought before Juvenile Courts are boys who already previously committed larcency more than once. Disturbance of the socialization process with these juveniles, usually reaches back to their early childhood, requires early discovery and interference at the earliest possible time in the form of surrounding the parents, brothers and sisters of the juvenile delinquent with care and also of controlling them. The results yielded by follow-up studies of the recidivism during a period of 10 years of the 17-20 year-old young adult offenders, released from prison in 1961, concentrate on young people whose recidivism is undoubtedly connected with serious social maladjustment already during their juvenility. Obviously one cannot identify these young adults released from prison with all the 17‒20-year-old young adults convicted by courts who received various sentences. The results of the follow-up studies of the young adult prisoners should contribute to the initiation of systematic, individual research regarding young adults convicted and receiving various prison terms and to the change of certain guiding lines of the penal and penitentiary policy in regard to young adult offenders.

PL

Publikacja posiada następującą strukturę: Wstęp I. Ewa Żabczyńska: Dalsze losy 100 chłopców mających sprawy o kradzieże w wieku 10-11 lat II. Adam Strzembosz: Rozmiary recydywy u nieletnich podsądnych sprawców krażeży III. Teodor Szymanowski: Rozmiary recydywy u młodocianych więźniów po upływie 10 lat od ich zwolnienia z zakładów karnych

4

Sytuacja językowa na Ukrainie w świetle powszechnego spisu ludności oraz badań socjologicznych

86%

Pietnoczka P.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2018

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issue 50

EN

Language situation in Ukraine in light of the general census and sociological researchThe article presents the language situation in the independent country of Ukraine. It shows what part of Ukrainian society perceives the Ukrainian language, the Russian language or both of these two languages at the same time as their mother tongue. The paper also shows which of the two languages, Ukrainian or Russian, is more commonly used by Ukrainians in everyday life. Special focus was placed on linguistic diversity of particular regions of Ukraine. The aim of the paper was achieved by analyzing the general census of 2001, as well as the results of the public opinion polls conducted in the period of independence by, among others, the “Public Opinion” Centre for Sociological Research, the Olexander Razumkov Ukrainian Centre for Economic and Political Studies and the Kiev International Institute of Sociology. Sytuacja językowa na Ukrainie w świetle powszechnego spisu ludności oraz badań socjologicznychW artykule została przybliżona sytuacja językowa w niepodległej Ukrainie. Ukazano dla jakiej części społeczeństwa ukraińskiego językiem ojczystym jest język ukraiński, dla jakiej rosyjski oraz jednocześnie ukraiński i rosyjski. Przybliżono także, którym językiem – ukraińskim czy rosyjskim – częściej posługują się w życiu codziennym Ukraińcy. Znaczna uwaga została ponadto zwrócona na zróżnicowanie językowe poszczególnych regionów Ukrainy. Na osiągnięcie postawionego celu pozwoliła analiza wyników spisu powszechnego ludności przeprowadzonego w 2001 r. oraz wyników badań opinii publicznej przeprowadzonych w okresie niepodległości m.in. przez Centrum Badań Socjologicznych „Opinia Społeczna”, Ukraińskie Centrum Badań Ekonomicznych i Politycznych im. Ołeksandra Razumkowa oraz Kijowski Międzynarodowy Instytut Socjologii.

5

Baťov 1940 – první český empiricky podložený výzkum v oblasti sociologie práce

86%

Nešpor Z. R.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2015

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vol. 51

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issue 2

279-298

EN

There is a forgotten chapter in (history of) the Czech sociology of work. In the early 1940s, an empirical study was conducted by Otakar Machotka among employees of the Bata company in Batov (today Otrokovice). One of the leading figures of early Czech sociology, Machotka saw the closure of Czech universities during the Second World War as an opportunity to carry out original empirical research devoted to the sociological analysis of the workforce and consisting of a study of the social determination of work efficiency. This was the first Czech, and one of only a very few European, empirically-grounded research projects in the sociology of work and occupation that had been conducted to that time. Machotka statistically analysed the vast data sets collected by the company’s personnel department and provided a detailed interpretation of the outcomes, while remaining very much aware of the limitations of the results and the methods employed. He formulated hypotheses about how the age gap between spouses, the number of children in family, and other characteristics might impact (various aspects of) work efficiency, and reformulated existing hypotheses about the impact of siblings, marital status, and parental profession. Machotka also helped to theoretically and methodologically (re)orientate the sociology of work and occupations. Machotka subsequently abandoned this topic and quantitative sociology in general, perhaps in part as a result of the above-described research, which, the author suggests, led him to realise that ‘abstract empiricism’ was not the only method on which to base social studies.

6

Security of Personal Data in Cyberspace in the Opinion of Students of the University of Udine

86%

Melchior C., Soler U.

Cybersecurity and Law

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2024

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vol. 11

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issue 1

227-247

EN

The escalating concerns surrounding personal data security in cyberspace necessitate a comprehensive examination of user awareness, attitudes, and behaviours. This study, conducted among University of Udine students, delves into the multifaceted dimensions of personal data security, exploring aspects such as perceptions and behaviours related to privacy, network security, and legal compliance. The research objectives involve assessing respondents’ awareness of data transfer on the network, their general concerns about cyber risks, and the coherence between awareness, concern, and actual online behaviour. A convenience sample of 518 predominantly young respondents was gathered through an online questionnaire. Results reveal a noteworthy disparity between declared awareness and actual concern, leading to a „privacy paradox”. While respondents express awareness of data transfer, their specific concern is limited, predominantly focusing on commercial aspects rather than acknowledging broader cybersecurity threats. This discordance extends to online behaviour and the predominant use of devices such as smartphones, which are simultaneously the most used by respondents but also perceived to have the greatest data loss and the least possibility of implementing data protection actions. The findings underscore the critical need for ongoing cybersecurity education, particularly targeting younger populations, to bridge the gap between theoretical awareness and practical implementation of secure online practices. This study prompts further investigation into diverse cultural contexts, proposing a shared model for technological education across European societies to foster secure behaviours in the digital landscape

7

Wyniki badań poziomu wiadomości szkolnych młodzieży „nie uczącej się i nie pracującej”

75%

Marek M.

Archiwum Kryminologii

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1972

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issue V

118-133

8

Analýza vztahu obyvatelstva k transformaci těžební oblasti Podkrušnohoří

72%

Pospíšil M.

Urbanismus a územní rozvoj

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2014

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issue 2

3-10

EN

The vision of the prospective transformation of the mining area in the foothills of the Ore Mountains (Podkrušnohoří), as expressed by the physical planning documentation of the Region of Ústí nad Labem, should be enhanced by a more detailed framework determining a stable and sustainable trajectory of the region’s future development. When taking into account local specifics in the planning of the area’s transformation, the local population is a relevant actor and participant. A sociological research has analyzed the attitudes of the population of Podkrušnohoří to current socioeconomic developments in the region and mining and post-mining activities. The results of the research were replenished and supported by the opinions of representatives of municipal administrations. The research has helped us to understand how this structurally affected region is perceived by its inhabitants, what factors have an influence on their attitudes and reactions, and which impacts these factors can have on the stability and social cohesion of the population.

CS

Do vize budoucí transformace těžební oblasti Podkrušnohoří, která je vyjádřena v krajské územně plánovací dokumentaci Zásad územního rozvoje Ústeckého kraje (ZÚR ÚK), by měl být promítnut detailnější koncepční rámec, jenž by stanovil stabilní a udržitelnou trajektorii dalšího rozvoje tohoto regionu. K zohlednění místních specifik v procesu plánování budoucí transformace těžební oblasti Podkrušnohoří je neopomenutelným aktérem a účastníkem místní obyvatelstvo. Provedený sociologický výzkum analyzoval postoje obyvatelstva Podkrušnohoří k současnému socioekonomickému vývoji regionu a probíhajícím těžebním i post-těžebním aktivitám. Výsledky průzkumu byly dále doplněny a podpořeny názory zástupců samosprávy obcí a měst. Výzkum přispívá k hlubšímu pochopení, jakým způsobem je vnímán tento strukturálně postižený region jeho obyvateli, jaké jsou významné faktory, které mají vliv na jejich postoje a reakce, a jaké mohou mít tyto faktory dopady na stabilitu a soudržnost obyvatel Podkrušnohoří.

9

Level of environmental education in students from Poland, Ukraine, Slovakia and Czech Republic

72%

Cynk K.

Rozprawy Społeczne

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2017

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vol. 11

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issue 3

44-54

EN

Introduction. This article consists of two parts: the theoretical one, introducing several key terms, and the empirical part, presenting the analysis of sociological research. Explaining the concept of ‘education’ in the first part of the article allowed for formulating relevant hypotheses on students’ approach to the problems of environmental protection. Materials and methods. The proposed hypotheses were then verified with regard to the project executed in 2015, which investigated the position and role of environmental values in the value system of students from selected countries of Central Eastern Europe. The description of this research is presented in the second part of the article. Results. The conclusions from the analysis with regard to the country and faculty of studies are rather disturbing. The findings revealed that the level of environmental education in students is relatively low. The overall comparative analysis demonstrated that students from the Czech Republic represented the highest level of environmental awareness compared to those from Ukraine, Poland and Slovakia. Further, the analysis took into consideration the students’ faculty and showed that those studying natural sciences were only slightly better educated in environmental protection compared to students of humanities. This may indicate that even when young people receive environmental education, it does not help in creating a bond between them and the natural environment. Conclusion. Although the findings should be treated with some caution, they still deserve serious consideration, and should stimulate further research in this area.

PL

Wstęp. Artykuł składa się z dwóch części: teoretycznej – zawierającej konceptualizację kluczowych terminów oraz części empirycznej zawierającej analizę badań socjologicznych. We wprowadzeniu zdefiniowany został termin edukacja, co umożliwiło sformułowanie hipotez badawczych dotyczących stosunku studentów do problemów ochrony środowiska. Materiał i metody. Zaproponowane hipotezy zostały zweryfikowane na podstawie danych zebranych podczas badań w 2015 roku, dotyczących miejsca i roli wartości środowiskowych wśród innych wartości akceptowanych przez studentów z krajów środkowo-wschodniej Europy. Opis tych badań został przedstawiony w drugiej części artykułu. Wyniki. Wnioski z analizy, w której uwzględniono dwie zmienne: kraj studiów i kierunek studiów, są niepokojące. Wyniki wskazują, że poziom edukacji środowiskowej wśród studentów jest dość niski. Najwyższy poziom wyedukowania środowiskowego wykazali studenci czescy. Z kolei uwzględniając kierunek studiów można stwierdzić, że studenci nauk przyrodniczych byli nieco lepiej wykształceni w zakresie ochrony środowiska niż studenci humanistyki. Oznacza to, że nawet jeśli młodzi ludzie kształcą się w zakresie ochrony środowiska, nie przekłada się to na odczuwanie przez nich więzi z przyrodą. Wnioski. Wyniki badań należy traktować z pewną ostrożnością, konieczne jest podejmowanie dalszych analiz w tym zakresie.

10

Opinie studentów Rzeszowa o problematyce kryzysu migracyjnego

72%

Moczuk E.

Zeszyty Naukowe KUL

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2020

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vol. 63

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issue 2

EN

Europe is witnessing a migration crisis as a result of a significant influx of hundreds of thousands of people coming to Europe, both fleeing the effects of the war and coming for economic reasons. The social consequences of the situation are difficult to assess. Undoubtedly, refugees have the right to move to countries deemed safe, however, the region where the refugees arrive has the right to maintain its centuries-old social, cultural, religious and economic identity. The aim of the study is to present the results of the research conducted among the students of Rzeszow universities concerning their attitudes towards the migration crisis. The research shows that the respondents are aware of the differences between refugees and migrants, but also notice the existence of threats resulting from uncontrolled migration to the country.

PL

W wyniku znacznego napływu setek tysięcy osób do Europy, zarówno uciekających przed następstwami wojny, jak też przybywających z powodów ekonomicznych, nastąpił kryzys migracyjny, którego skutki społeczne są trudne do oszacowania. Dlatego też uchodźcy mają prawo do przemieszczania się do krajów uznanych za bezpieczne, ale region, do którego oni docierają, ma prawo do utrzymywania swej wielowiekowej tożsamości społecznej, kulturowej, religijnej, ekonomicznej i innej. Celem opracowania jest prezentacja wyników badań prowadzonych wśród studentów uczelni wyższych Rzeszowa na temat postaw wobec kryzysy migracyjnego. Badania wskazują, że respondenci są świadomi istnienia różnic między uchodźcami a migrantami, ale i dostrzegają istnienie zagrożeń płynących z niekontrolowanej migracji do kraju.

11

Świadomość historyczna studentów Politechniki Rzeszowskiej na temat najważniejszych dla Polski wydarzeń XX wieku

72%

Moczuk E., Ostasz G.

UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

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2022

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vol. 23

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issue 2

73-98

EN

Historical consciousness is a phenomenon of incorporating the past into the current social consciousness, being the sum of ideas about the past and the way of thinking about it; it also entails awareness of the existence of the past, present and future and a sense of having one's own, unique history, attributed to any given society. This study presents the results of research analyzing the respondents’ historical awareness of such historical events of the last century, which are considered the most important for Polish history and have particularly stuck with their consciousness. The research shows that the respondents’ historical consciousness is on a rather low level, and the choices of the events from Poland’s past are conditioned by the media campaign connected with the anniversary of Poland regaining independence in 1918.

PL

Świadomość historyczna jest zjawiskiem włączania przeszłości do aktualnej świadomości społecznej. Będąc sumą wyobrażeń o przeszłości i sposobem myślenia o niej, jest także świadomością istnienia przeszłości, teraźniejszości i przyszłości oraz poczuciem posiadania własnej, niepowtarzalnej i przynależnej tylko danemu społeczeństwu historii. W niniejszym opracowaniu zawarto wyniki badań dotyczących analizy świadomości historycznej respondentów na temat wydarzeń historycznych z ostatnich 100 lat, które były najważniejsze dla historii Polski i szczególnie utkwiły w świadomości badanych. Badania pokazują, że świadomość historyczna respondentów jest na dosyć niskim poziomie, a wybory dotyczące wydarzeń z przeszłości Polski warunkowane są medialną kampanią związaną z rocznicą odzyskania niepodległości przez Polskę w 1918 r.

12

Postawy rodziców i opiekunów wobec zażywania środków uzależniających przez młodych pacjentów poradni odwykowych

62%

Zakrzewski P.

Archiwum Kryminologii

|

1991

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issue XVII

339-373

EN

The paper presents the finding of a longitudinal study of two problems: the addicts’ prospects of quitting drugs, and the psycho-social factors conducive to success in this respect. The first study (conducted in the years 1974–1976) concerned all patients aged 15–28 treated in that period for repeated taking of drugs, at the disaccustoming clinic for young persons and at district clinics for adults in the city of Łódź. The total of 107 patients were examined (23 per cent of girls and 77 per cent of young men). According to medical diagnosis, 21 per cent of them suffered from a social, 50 per cent – from a psychological, and 29 per cent – from a physical dependence. After about 10 years, a catamnesis was carried out which concerned 80 patients. The methods applied in both parts of the study were: detailed interviews with the patients and their families; medical examination; and analysis of a variety of documents. For the estimation of the fates of the sample, the following issues were of the key importance: persistence in or abandonment of addiction; permanence of abstinence; and the extent of self-dependence achieved. This complexity of the examined persons’ situation taken into account, the following criteria of improvement have been adopted: a) medical (persistence in abstinence); b) psychological (psychological acceptance of abstinence and the resulting change of lifestyle); and c) social (active engagement in the appropriate social roles). Basing on the above criteria, the following categories were distinguished within the sample:1) persons who persisted in addiction; 2) deceased in consequence of addiction; 3) those who quit taking drugs but still had various problems resulting from their former addiction; and 4) those who quit and had no special problems. Against previous expectations, persons who kept taking drugs (26 per cent) did not constitute the mos tnumerous group. Their mean period of taking drugs was 13.6 years. Their interests and social contacts were narrowed to problems related to the taking and production or obtaining drugs. They were generally emaciated and had increasing withdrawal symptoms. Persons of this group went through several months’periods of abstinence due to treatment, imprisonment, or a favourable occurrence in their lives. All of them, however, relapsed into addiction quite promptly, particularly when faced with unavoidable difficulties. Family life or married persons in this group was unhappy, and most marriages broke up: only those between two addicts still lasted. Biographies similar to those discussed above were also found in the case of persons (9 per cent) who died during catamnesis in circumstances that pointed to their death’s relationship with the taking of drugs and with addiction, interpreted also as a certain lifestyle. All persons of this group had been taking drugs for a long time (over five years), and their death was due either to serious diseases combined with emaciation, or occurred in unexplained circumstances as a border-line case between accident, suicide, and homicide. 3.The largest group (46 per cent) consisted of persons who admittedly quit taking drugs but still had various health and social problems related to their previous addiction. Their main problems were as follows: in the sphere of physical health, chronic gastritis, entero-gastric disorders. diseases of liver, heart probiems, reduced physical endurance, disturbances of sleep, and in the sphere of mental health: anxiety, hypersensibility, difficulties in establishing relations with others, depression, low selfesteem, lack of self-confidence, high emotional instability, latent inward anxiety, etc. The most important and frequent social problems included leaving secondary school and the related subsequent lack of professional qualifications, a more difficult start into adult life, the need to relinquish certain professional aspirations and a more interesting job, and a lack of prospects of promotion. In most respondents, this caused a sense of instability and inevitably gave rise to frustrations, increasing their passiveness and apathy. This situation was particularly painful for persons whose intellligence had been rather high before they started taking drugs and who used to have various interests and aspirations. The coincidence of the ahove circumstances also negatively affected their family and marital situation. The fates of persons who quit after several years of taking drugs seem to indicate that those persons’ tolerance to stress and ability to overcome difficulties had been greatly impaired during the period of addiction: as a consequence, they were subsequently unable to cope even with everyday matters which they perceived as great problems. The last group consisted of persons (19 per cent) who had been taking drugs for a shorter period as a rule (not longer than five years in general), and who were not only able to persist in abstinence during catamnesis but also met the psychological and social criteria of improvement. A high proportion of girls in this group (over 50 per cent) seems characteristic. Moreover, nearly all those persons were married: their marriages, happy as a rule, were a great assistance to them. Therefore, the total of 65 per cent of the sample succeeded to quit addiction. What was crucial here was not exactly the form of dependence (social, psychological, physical) but rather the length of the period of taking drugs. If a person has been taking drugs for over five years, his prospects of improvement diminish greatly, and favourable results can only be obtained in the course of a prolonged rehabilitation. The reasons that made most persons in the sample abandon their addiction were seeked both in their personality traits and family environments. What is characteristic is that a considerable portion of respondents come from the intelligentsia, with an average or even high social status and good material situation (in which respect they differ greatly from e.g. juvenile delinquents or young alcoholics). There is in such families a rather small extent of pathology such as alcoholism, crime, or prostitution. In most cases, the parents’ attitude to their children’s taking of drugs should be estimated as proper. The parents played an effective role, fighting for their children to quit as a general rule. Aware of the dangers related to drugs, they took energetic steps which consisted among others in changing the child’s environment (e. g. moving with him to another town), inducing him to undergo treatment and organizing that treatment, supervising his leisure activities, etc. Parents’ improper attitudes such as scenes, turning the child out, etc., were most seldom. The analysis of the reasons which made about two-thirds of respondents quit addiction included their character and intellectual traits defined in the course of psychiatric examination. There was in the sample a rather large number of individuals with the so-called immature personality, who at the age of about 25 were still characterized by traits such as a passive attitude to life; inconsideration for their own future; a poorly developed critical attitude towards themselves and their situation; emotional immaturity; dependence on others (e.g. the mother or friends); inabitity to act effectively, to overcome obstacles and to achieve distant aims; easy discouragement when faced with difficulties, etc. It was only during catamnesis, at the age of about 25, that the respondents’ former, largely childish attitudes were transformed with delay into normal traits of young persons. This development and the crystallization of personality, connected with the parents’ activities and their proper attitude towards the children’s addiction, were conducive to abandonment of addiction by, a considerable portion of the sample. Other factors which played this favourable role in the respondents’ biographies were: a rather high intellectual level; the “psychological shock” caused e.g. by detoxification at a mental hospital or the death of a close friend due to overdose; and imprisonment and going through the withdrawal syndrome in such conditions, etc. To interpret the findings, the conception of American alcohologist J. Ewing has been used: it speaks of inducing and protecting factors in the development of alcoholism. According to Ewing, an individual who starts taking drugs regularly is influenced by a number of biological, psychological, and social factors, some of them conducive to the development of addiction and others protecting the individual against it. Despite the opinions of some researchers, “protecting” factors prove strong enough to hold back even an already addicted person and to contribute to his abandonment of drugs. With the prolongation of the period of taking drugs, the influence of protecting factors wanes, and that of the ones which induce the individual to continue the taking of drugs and thus foster a further development of addiction spreads. The following practical conclusions have been drawn from the study: – Intensified therapeutic and rehabilitative treatment, during the first years of taking drugs in particular. – Co-operation with the addicts’ parents who should be instructed (e.g. about the ways of soothing difficulties in adjustment); whose activity should be assisted, e.g. through the organization of parents’ self-help associations; whose contacts with specialist clinics should be made easier, etc. – Creation of possibilities of medical and rehabilitative treatment for various cotegories of young persons addicted to drugs (not all of them feel comfortable in the existing centres, e.g. of the MONAR movement). – Short-term hospital treatments are reasonable at the initial stage of addiction (several years of taking drugs), as in that period the addicted person’s power of resistance can be strengthened inherent both in his personality and the environment. Help and care should be provided for addicts who have already drugs but have life problems caused or aggravaquited by their previous addiction.

13

Wyobrażenia niemieckiej młodzieży o wartościach europejskich

58%

Oberthür J.

Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury

|

2011

|

vol. 23

31-34

14

Polski socjolog i bibliograf Wiktor Stanisław Żółtowski (1900-1969) – założyciel francuskiej szkoły historii statystycznej twórczości intelektualnej

58%

Koredczuk B.

Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi

|

2017

|

vol. Polonika w zbiorach obcych, tom specjalny

429-440

EN

Wiktor Żółtowski is not widely known within the Polish scientific circles. He spent most of his life in France. Some (Robert Estivals) consider him to be the founder of the French school of statistical history of intellectual production, based on the bibliographical method. What makes his research original is combining the historical method used by François Simiand and the data contained in bibliographies in order to carry out a quantitative analysis of published scientific works registered in various lists, mainly in „Bibliographie de la France”. Żółtowski’s works can be positioned between the borders of book studies, the history of writing, and sociology.

PL

Postać Wiktora Żółtowskiego nie jest bliżej znana w świecie nauki polskiej. Większość życia uczony spędził we Francji. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie jego osoby i dokonań naukowych. Francuski bibliolog Robert Estivals uznał W. Żółtowskiego za założyciela, opartej na metodzie bibliograficznej, francuskiej szkoły historii statystycznej produkcji intelektualnej. Oryginalność jego badań polegała na wykorzystaniu danych zawartych w różnego typu spisach, głównie w „Bibliographie de la France”, do analizy ilościowej produkcji wydawniczej tekstów naukowych. Prace W. Żółtowskiego powstały na styku bibliologii, historii piśmiennictwa i socjologii.

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