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EN
Christian Science is a set of beliefs and practices belonging to the metaphysical family of 19-century religious movements. It was developed in 1866 in New England by Mary Baker Eddy (1821–1910), who argued in her writings that sickness is an illusion that can be corrected by prayer alone. Eddy was a radical Christian thinker, discoverer and founder of Christian Science, a pastor, an author, a pioneer in the recognition of mind/body connection sand target of both admiration and scorn from such eminent contemporaries as Mark Twain. First published in 1875 and sold in more than ten million copies, Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures has a 140-year history of healing and inspiration for millions of Christian Science students. Few years ago, named one of "75 Books by Women Whose Words Have Changed the World". It became Christian Science canonical text, along with the Bible.
EN
The African Independent churches (AICs) in Zambia, as elsewhere in Africa, from their very beginning formed a protest movement against the cultural imperialism undertaken by the missionary representatives of the historic mission churches and also played an important role in the anti-colonial political struggles. In Zambia, the early AICs were closely related to witchcraft eradication movements such as the Mchape, or socially and politically oriented prophet-healing churches such as The Lumpa church of Alice Lenshina. Since the 1970s and in particular in the 1990s the Christianity in Zambia has been significantly marked by the proliferation of the African Independent Churches - both of Pentecostal and prophet-healing type. These churches that started mushrooming particularly in urban settings became part of the strengthening charismatic movement, particularly within Protestantism. A typical feature of AICs is focus on spiritual healing and religious syncretism - the local traditional customs and beliefs in dangerous ghosts, ancestral spirits, or witches are placed within the biblical religious framework where the Holy Spirit (Muzimu Oyela) is considered to be the only source of healing whereas other ‘inferior spirits’ are labelled as demons. The traditional methods of healing are creatively combined with Christian healing by means of prayers, spiritual blessings, laying on of hands on patients and demon exorcism - it is believed that only a body rid of bad spirits can receive the Holy Spirit, and thus be healed. The paper draws on both secondary literature concerning African Independent Churches and primary data issued from fieldwork in Lusaka (2008-2009).
EN
This paper aims to demonstrate that techno subculture is more than just a subculture of young people. The members of this subculture often experience spiritual and religious awakening and changes during mass events. The escapism of participants of mass events is subjected to socio-cultural and linguistic analysis. The authors suggest three areas that have an impact on the therapeutic properties of mass events and their participants experiencing “the trips”. The authors analysed 120 words and phrases concerning electronic music on the basis of source material available since 2009 through Forum Muzyki Elektronicznej (Electronic Music Forum). An extensive analysis of the literature related to language and culture builds the theoretical framework for the analysis of techno subculture and indicates how closely these two terms are related.
PL
Niniejsza praca ma na celu wykazanie, iż subkultura technomaniaków lub technomanów jest czymś więcej niż tylko subkulturą młodych ludzi. Członkowie owej subkultury doświadczają często duchowych doznań oraz przemian podczas imprez masowych. Eskapizm uczestników imprez związanych z muzyką techno został przeanalizowany w pracy pod względem językowo-kulturowym. Autorzy sugerują trzy obszary, które mają wpływ na terapeutyczne właściwości imprez masowych oraz doznawanie przez ich uczestników „podróży” (ang. trips). W pracy przeanalizowano 120 słów i zwrotów związanych z muzyką elektroniczną na podstawie materiału źródłowego dostępnego na największym Forum Muzyki Elektronicznej, które istnieje od 2009 roku. Obszerna analiza literatury dotyczącej języka i kultury stanowi tło teoretyczne do analizy subkultury techno i pozwala wskazać, jak blisko związane są ze sobą te dwa terminy.
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