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Kategoria duchowości we współczesnej psychologii

100%
Chojniak A.
Poznańskie Studia Teologiczne
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2011
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issue 25
375-384
EN
Nowadays it is noted that some traditional psychological categories are inadequate to explain the specificity of human activity. For example the concept of personality seems to be insufficient to express how people function. Spirituality is one of the categories which could describe the form of a person’s inner experience determined by cultural meanings and values. The main aim of this paper is to consider some new psychological conceptions that include the spiritual dimension of a human. The author analyzes three approaches. The first one, proposed by Anna Galdowa, emphasizes spiritual development. The project of Irena Heszen focuses on the connection between spirituality and psychosomatic health. The third conception, developed by Zohar and Marshall, considers spiritual intelligence and indicates the neurological substrate of spiritualityKeywords
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Psychometrické vlastnosti české verze škály Spirituální inteligence D. Kinga

100%
Moravec P., Slezáčková A.
Psychologie a její kontexty
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2018
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vol. 9
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issue 1
83–100
EN
The concept of spiritual intelligence is highly discussed topic in the current field of psychology of religion. The big discussion of this concept was started by Emmons (2000). In this discussion, Gardner (2000) refuses the term spiritual intelligence, which in his view evokes too strong an inclination towards a specific religion. Instead of spiritual intelligence he therefore speaks of existential intelligence. King (2013) states that any intelligence must include mental abilities, and spiritual intelligence cannot be an exception. As a result, he speaks of four dimensions of spiritual intelligence (CET Critical existential thinking, PMP Personal meaning production, TA Transcendental awareness, and CSE Conscious state expansion). The research sample consisted of 502 respondents: 170 males, 305 females (27 respondents did not state their gender). The average age was 35 years (SD = 14.2; 33 respondents did not state their age). Together with examining reliability and confirmation factor analysis of the Czech version of the test Czech standardization was made. The data were collected from four different researches realized at the Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic. The results were then compared to those originally presented by King (2009). The reliability (Cronbach ?) of the Czech version was higher than 0,7 in all four dimensions. The confirmation factor analysis demonstrated good results in four dimensions of spiritual intelligence, and indicated a need to reformulate one item of the inventory to reflect better Czech cultural environment. The relationship between spiritual intelligence and demographic variables (i.e. age, gender) was examined. By comparing the differences between respondents strong identified to Christianity and the rest of the respondents, significant differences were found in the dimensions Personal meaning production, and Transcendental awareness, where respondents strong identified to Christianity scored on average higher than the rest of the respondents. To explore the construct validity, correlations between dimensions of spiritual intelligence and personality traits measured by NEO-PI-III inventory were examined on the part of the respondents. The strongest correlations were founded in scale CET Critical existential thinking, which correlated positively to Neuroticism and Openness and negatively to Extraversion. The results showed the pertinence of detailed construct validity on scale on item level. One of the limitations of our study could be online data collection from two thirds of the respondents. Because of this, representativeness of the sample for the whole Czech population is not guaranteed. On the other hand, the relative size of the sample (N = 502) could partially compensate for this limitation. Another limitation is the lack of data concerning education level of the respondents, which could be an important intervening variable. Despite the aforementioned limitations to our study, we believe that SISRI could become useful instrument for spirituality research, and enrich the small number of spirituality inventories validated for Czech population.
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Expert System Approach to the Assessment of Spiritual Intelligence Impact for Decisionmaking Performance

88%
Stupar S., Pilav-Velić A., Šahić E.
Business Systems Research Journal
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2013
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vol. 4
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issue 2
68-78
EN
Background: In contrast to the rational (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EQ), spiritual intelligence (SQ) is often underestimated and insufficiently investigated. This type of intelligence refers to our approach to the issue of the meaning and value of life, in terms that our actions are placed in a wider context. Objectives: The aim of this paper is to investigate in which extent spiritual intelligence determines the decision making process. In this context, the success of business decision is assigned as its functionality as one of the most prominent feature of successful decision. Methods: The inductive method of building an expert system, i.e. a knowledge based system (Doctus Knowledge-Based Expert System Shell) and casebased concluding on the degree of informativeness (with a key impact on functionality of decision) of individual components (Case Based Reasoning) are used in testing this relationship. Results: The study demonstrates the fact that most of respondents (managers) have not been even familiar with attributes of SI as well as their relationship with decision making process. Conclusions: Identification of the most significant components of SI that affect effectiveness of decisions would allow managers to focus on those which mostly contribute to the functionality of their decisions.
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SĀKUMSKOLAS VECUMA BĒRNU GARĪGĀ INTELEKTA SKALAS IZSTRĀDE: SATURA PAMATOTĪBAS IZVĒRTĒŠANA

88%
Grasmane I., Pipere A.
Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis
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2020
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issue 2
156-183
EN
Over the last few decades, the spiritual dimension, as one of the foundational dimensions ensuring the quality of individual and societal life, has drawn the specific attention of researchers. Since the analysis of research literature shows the lack of the tools for the measurement of spiritual intelligence (SI) for primary school children, the strategic aim of the given study entails the need to elaborate such scale for the measurement of children SI, to be used, among the other things, to evaluate the effectivity of programs for the development of SI. The presented work reflects the scale’s elaboration process in the phase related to the evaluation of its content validity. The theoretical background of the scale was constructed as a model on distinctive features of children’s SI, drawing on the theories by D. King, S. Wigglesworth, J. Fisher, J. Fowler, K. Cartwright, and M. Painton on SI. Empirical research of the primary content validation for the evolving scale included the analysis of experts’ views on the consistency between the elaborated model of children SI and the theoretical underpinnings of SI, the connection of their practical experience with the components of the model, as well as the analysis of the experts’ review on the scale’s items in the context of appropriate age. Six experts, selected based on their theoretical knowledge and professional experience in the domain of interest, filled out the structured survey, providing the descriptive evaluation for the components and subcomponents of children SI model, items representing these components, and commenting on the research problem. Described steps for the elaboration of the scale’s primary content validity, obtained answers on the research questions as well as the work on the elimination of revealed inaccuracies and issues have allowed reaching the research aim ñ to determine the representativity and adequacy of phenomenon’s content measured by the primary school children SI scale and the compliance between the theory and constructed items. The results of the given theoretical and empirical study approve the content validity of developing scale and, thus, open the way for further work on the psychometric validation of the instrument.
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Akord à rebours. O muzyce i „duchowej inteligencji” w filmie Interstellar Christophera Nolana

65%
Lisiecka K.
Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication
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2020
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vol. 28
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issue 37
177-205
EN
The essay aims to reveal the role of music in the movie Interstellar by Christopher Nolan and its significance in creating an artistic message that relates to the love myths characteristic of European culture and art. The orientation point is the Tristanic myth and the project of musical dramaturgy by Richard Wagner, the founder of the concept of music being the significant layer in a Gesamtkunstwerk, a synthesis of the arts, which strongly inspires i.a. cinema. The article ponders possible messages to be decoded from the music in Nolan’s movie: as a “form of a lover’s discourse” (R. Barthes), “significant form” (Suzanne K. Langer), “symbolic form” (E. Cassirer), responsible for shaping the ambience that constitutes an inherent structural part of the movie in the metaphysical cinema genre. The musical solutions applied by Hans Zimmer in the soundtrack to Nolan’s movie do more than merely imply inspiration from Wagner. They also allow for recognition of the polyphonic way of constructing formal and thematic relations between musical themes and the verbal-visual layer of the movie. This refined artistic project aims at a subtly directed confrontation with the nihilistic picture of love that is representative of melancholic-pessimistic images of the condition of human relationships in the modern culture. The analysed main musical theme, called the “à rebours chord” (i.e. anti-Tristan chord), turns out to be an overt musical manifestation of such a counterpunch and becomes a starting point to telling a story that refers to the concept of love which assumes taking action and fighting for the good of your loved ones, as well as the concept of Caritas and unconditional love. The way that the music and sound of the movie are orchestrated is therefore tightly coupled with its semantic and symbolic message, which allows for perceiving the music as a specific “libration point” of the movie structure. Its function might also be interpreted as a semantic attribute of “a spiritual intelligence”, referring to that which is binding and crucial for the axiological and metaphysical message of the movie.
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Vztah spirituální inteligence a duševního zdraví : význam nalézání osobního smyslu a duchovní praxe

63%
Slezáčková A., Janštová E.
E-psychologie (E-psychology)
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2016
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vol. 10
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issue 2
18-33
EN
The objectives of this study were to explore the relationship between spiritual intelligence and mental health and to examine the potential relationship of spiritual intelligence and demographic variables. The research sample consisted of 223 respondents (33 % male and 67 % female, mean age 34.46 years). The tools used included The Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory and The Mental Health Continuum Scale – Short Form. Basic demographic data including religious belief and regularity of spiritual practice were also administered. The results have shown a statistically significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and mental health. Regression analysis revealed that, out of four dimensions of spiritual intelligence, the personal meaning production was the strongest predictor of mental health. The level of spiritual intelligence is also significantly related to religious belief and higher frequency of spiritual practice.
CS
Cílem studie bylo odhalit souvislosti mezi spirituální inteligencí a duševním zdravím a ověřit vztah spirituální inteligence k demografickým proměnným. Výzkumný soubor se skládal z 223 respondentů (33 % mužů a 67 % žen) s průměrným věkem 34,46 let. Pro sběr dat byly použity dotazníkové metody Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory a Mental Health Continuum Scale – Short Form. Korelační analýza odhalila statisticky významné vztahy mezi všemi zkoumanými proměnnými. Pomocí regresní analýzy bylo zjištěno, že ze čtyř dimenzí spirituální inteligence je nejsilnějším prediktorem duševního zdraví dimenze Nalézání osobního smyslu. S mírou spirituální inteligence statisticky významně souvisí také náboženské vyznání a vyšší frekvence duchovní praxe.
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Cierpienia duchowe dziecka. Psychologiczne aspekty

63%
Ruszel M. E.
Studia Gdańskie
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2012
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issue 31
315-324
PL
Artykuł podejmuje problem cierpień duchowych dziecka od poczęcia aż do okresu wczesnoszkolnego. Wyjaśnia, jak te cierpienia wpływają na aktualną sytuację życiową dziecka oraz na jego przyszłość. W artykule ukazana jest również zależność pomiędzy inteligencją duchową, rozwojem duchowym, rozwojem psychicznym, zycznym a cierpieniami duchowymi. W artykule tym autorka podaje własną definicję cierpień duchowych.
EN
The article takes up the problem of spiritual suffering of the child during his lifetime. It explains how spiritual suffering in;uences present and future life of a child. The article also shows the connection between spiritual intelligence, spiritual development, physical development and spiritual suffering. The author gives her own definition of spiritual suffering in this article.
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„Dokąd zmierzam?” – duchowość jako wymiar osobowości

63%
Skrzypińska K.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
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2008
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vol. 11
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issue 1
39-57
PL
Poszukiwanie i opis wymiarów osobowości stanowi jeden z podstawowych oraz najintensywniej eksploatowanych problemów współczesnej psychologii. Przy czym badacze coraz częściej zwracają uwagę na istotność pytania o sens życia, jako dominującego w wielu – zwłaszcza krytycznych – momentach zaburzających prawidłowe funkcjonowanie osobowości. Z poszukiwaniem sensu biegu wydarzeń wiąże się duchowość człowieka – sfera do tej pory najczęściej badana jako element religijności bądź jako transcendentny wymiar ludzkiego doświadczania. Jednak wiele badań sugeruje, że duchowość może stanowić odrębny wymiar osobowości człowieka, odgrywający bardzo ważną rolę w procesie zaspokajania potrzeby poczucia bezpieczeństwa, sensu życia, potrzeb emocjonalnych, poznawczych czy wreszcie związanych z projektowaniem życiowych celów. Pojęcie egzystencjalnej i duchowej inteligencji ma zatem służyć zobrazowaniu zjawisk, które pozwalają na analizowanie i rozwiązywanie problemów sensu i wartości. Jednocześnie narzędziami wykorzystywanymi w tym procesie jest inteligencja racjonalna i emocjonalna.
EN
Searching for and description of personality dimensions is one of fundamental problems in contemporary psychology. Researchers most often pay attention to the importance of the questions about meaning in life because they play an essential role in critical moments in human life, when functioning of personality is disordered. Spirituality is related to looking for the meaning of everyday life events. Up to now it has been studies as an element of religiousness or a transcendent dimension of human experience. However, as many results suggest, spirituality may be a separate dimension of personality, moreover, very important in the process of fulfilling the needs for safety, meaning in life, emotional and cognitive needs, etc. Existential and spiritual intelligence play a major role in when analyzing and resolving problems of meaning and values. Additionally, rational and emotional intelligence is also used in this process.
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