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Reality in blind people’s drawings. Research procedures and tools

100%
Niestorowicz E.
Szkoła Specjalna
|
2018
|
vol. LXXIX(5)
341-353
EN
The study presented in this article looks at how the phenomena of reality are constructed in totally blind people’s drawings. Analysis focuses on drawing skills and their development seen based on drawings made by people who have been blind since birth. Raised-line drawings made on a special drawing film for blind people were analyzed. The analysis covered: 1. Blind people’s cognitive abilities – the way they see phenomena. 2. Abilities and ways of presenting phenomena in drawings. 3. Determining stages in the development of drawing skills in blind children as compared to the development of drawing skills in sighted children. The study was motivated by the desire to answer the following questions: What similarities and differences are there in the process of drawing by people with disabilities and in their drawings? What esthetic features (content, form, uniqueness of presentation, manner of displaying emotions) do blind children’s drawings have? How are the phenomena of reality depicted in blind people’s drawings? What difficulties do blind people encounter in making a drawing on a two-dimensional surface? Does blind children’s artistic development take place in a similar way as sighted children’s artistic development? Are blind children at a similar level of artistic development as their sighted peers? I proposed a model of artistic creation that takes into consideration the content and form of drawings and the artist’s creativity and emotionalism which was used as a tool in the analysis. All aspects of the analysis refer to the stages of drawing development in sighted children proposed by: Stefan Szuman, Viktor Lowenfeld, W. Lambert Brittain, and Georges-Henri Luquet.
2
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Reality as It Is Expressed Through the Drawings of a Blind Child

86%
Niestorowicz E.
Logopedia
|
2018
|
vol. 47 EN
|
issue 2
355-369
EN
The following article focuses on the problem as to how the knowledge of reality is reflected in the drawings created by a child completely blind since birth. To analyse a drawing made by a blind person, I try to reach this fragment of knowledge in the mind of the author that generates the phenomenon created in the drawing. Therefore, I try to determine the scope of knowledge about the phenomenon by having a conversation with the child about his experiences, such as: – sensory experiences acquired through tactile perception, as well as other senses, – knowledge about the phenomenon contained in the mind (cognitive model). The subject of the analysis will concern convex drawings on the micro-grooved foil. The analysis tool will comprise of the model showing the content and form of the drawing, the creativity and the emotionality of the illustrator. These analyses will be compared and verified in accordance with the stages of the drawing skills of sighted children. I determine these stages using the studies of Szuman (1990), Lowenfeld and Brittain (1977) and Luquet (2001/1927). This tool takes into account current knowledge about art, stages of child’s plastic development and the abilities of blind people.
3

Rysunki osób niewidomych od urodzenia i ociemniałych. Studium porównawcze

72%
Niestorowicz E.
Roczniki Pedagogiczne
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2019
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vol. 11(47)
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issue 3
111-126
PL
Badania zaprezentowane w niniejszym artykule dotyczą wizerunków zjawisk rzeczywistości w rysunkach osób całkowicie niewidomych (od urodzenia) i osób ociemniałych. Przedmiotem analizy jest sprawność rysunkowa i jej rozwój. Badania dotyczyły wypukłych rysunków na folii dla niewidomych. Poddałam je analizie jakościowej, a narzędziem analizy stał się model wytworu plastycznego, który uwzględnia jego treść, formę oraz kreatywność. Wszystkie komponenty tworzenia zostały przeanalizowane w odniesieniu do etapów rozwoju rysunkowego według klasyfikacji rozwoju plastycznego dziecka w normie zaproponowanych przez S. Szumana, V. Lowenfelda, W. Brittaina, oraz G.H. Luqueta. Cel badań zawiera się w pytaniu, czy odmienne doświadczenia sensoryczne niewidomych od urodzenia i osób ociemniałych ujawnią różnice w obrazowaniu obiektów rzeczywistości?
EN
The results of the research presented in the article concern the visions of reality and its various phenomena in drawings of completely blind people (congenitally) and late blind people. The focus of my analysis was drawing skills and their development. The research concerned convex drawings on foil for blind people. I conducted a qualitative analysis of the drawings. The main tool for my analysis was the model of the structure of an artistic piece taking into account the work’s content, form and creativity. All components of the creative process were analysed with reference to the subsequent stages of drawing development in accordance with the classification of the child’s artistic development within intellectual norm, as indicated by S. Szuman, V. Lowenfeld, W. Brittain and G.H. Luquet.
4
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Rysunkowa wizja rzeczywistości w wypowiedziach niewidomego dziecka

58%
Niestorowicz E.
Logopedia
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2018
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vol. 47
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issue 2
467-481
PL
Artykuł niniejszy podejmuje problem projekcji wiedzy o zjawiskach rzeczywistości w rysunkach dziecka całkowicie niewidomego od urodzenia. Aby dokonać analizy rysunku osoby niewidomej, usiłuję dotrzeć do tego wycinka wiedzy tkwiącej w umyśle autora, który generuje kreowane w rysunku zjawisko. Staram się zatem ustalić zakres wiedzy o zjawisku za pomocą rozmowy na temat doświadczeń dziecka: – doświadczeń sensorycznych zdobytych drogą percepcji dotykowej, a także z udziałem pozostałych zmysłów, – wiedzy o zjawisku zawartej w umyśle (model kognitywny). Przedmiotem analizy staną się wypukłe rysunki na folii mikrorowkowanej, a narzędziem analizy model ukazujący: treść i formę rysunku, kreatywność i emocjonalność rysownika. Analizy te zostaną porównane i zweryfikowane zgodnie z etapami możliwości rysunkowych dzieci widzących. Ustalam je, korzystając z badań Szumana (1990), Lowenfelda i Brittaina (1977) oraz Luqueta 2001/1927). Narzędzie to uwzględnia aktualną wiedzę o sztuce, o etapach rozwoju plastycznego dziecka oraz o możliwościach osób niewidomych.
EN
The following article focuses on the problem of knowledge projection of reality shown in the drawings of a child completely blind since birth. To analyse a drawing of a blind person, I try to reach this fragment of knowledge in the mind of the author that generates the phenomenon created in the drawing. Therefore, I try to determine the scope of knowledge about the phenomenon by having a conversation with the child about his experiences: – sensory experiences acquired through tactile perception, as well as other senses, – knowledge about the phenomenon contained in the mind (cognitive model). The subject of the analysis will be convex drawings on the micro-grooved film. The analysis tool will comprise of the model showing the content and form of the drawing, the creativity and the emotionality of the illustrator. These analyses will be compared and verified in accordance with the stages of the drawing skills of sighted children. I determine them using the studies of Szuman (1990), Lowenfeld and Brittain (1977) and Luquet (2001/1927). This tool takes into account current knowledge about art, stages of child’s plastic development and the abilities of blind people.
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