Search results

1

Nowa emerytura jako element warunkujący godny poziom życia

100%

Klimkiewicz A.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2011

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vol. 14

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issue 2

2

Zróżnicowanie poziomu życia w miastach Polski

80%

Mazur M.

Studia Miejskie

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2012

|

vol. 8

159-170

EN

In Poland there is a large diversity of society’s wealth resulting from differences in the development of regions, differences between urban and rural areas. The rate of development differed for the all size classes of cities, but the fastest growth rate was observed in large urban. Large cities had a better social and technical infrastructure, greater resources of the skilled labour, advanced urban functions, which contributed to their more efficient development. The goal of the studies is to examine how the economic development of urban areas affects the standard of living of their residents, because as it is known, the economic development is not always a guarantee of the social development. In the empirical studies were used the results of the research of European union statistics on Income and Living condition (Eu-sILc) concerned the years 2006–2009, conducted by the central statistical Office in Poland. There were compared, on the one hand, the main determinants of households’ living standard, i.e. the education and income level in different size classes of cities, on the other hand the level of meeting the essential material needs.

PL

W Polsce istnieje silne zróżnicowanie zamożności społeczeństwa wynikające ze zróżnicowanego rozwoju regionów, różnic pomiędzy miastem a wsią. W różnym tempie rozwijały sie miasta różnej wielkości, przy czym najszybsze tempo rozwoju zaobserwowano w dużych aglomeracjach. Duże miasta posiadały lepszą infrastrukturę społeczną i techniczną, większe zasoby wykwalifikowanej siły roboczej, rozbudowane funkcje miejskie, co pozwalało na ich efektywniejszy rozwój. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie, w jakim stopniu rozwój ekonomiczny miast wpływa na poziom życia ich mieszkańców, ponieważ – jak wiadomo – rozwój gospodarczy nie zawsze jest gwarantem rozwoju społecznego. W badaniach empirycznych wykorzystano wyniki europejskiego badania warunków życia ludności (Eu-sILc) z lat 2006–2009 przeprowadzonego przez GUS. Porównano z jednej strony podstawowe determinanty poziomu życia gospodarstw domowych, tj. wykształcenie i dochody, w klasach miast różnej wielkości, z drugiej zaś poziom zaspokojenia istotnych potrzeb materialnych.

3

CRIME AND THE STANDARD OF LIVING IN POLAND

80%

Jaworska M., Szewczyk J., Czekaj P.

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

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2017

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vol. 18

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issue 3

451-462

EN

The purpose of the paper is to conduct a statistical analysis that will examine the problem of crime against the standard of living. The paper attempts to determine the relationship between the level of crime in Poland, and the level of life. A ranking of provinces, determining the level of crime and quality of life, was created. In order to sort the objects the method of multidimensional comparative analysis was used. By using this method, the hierarchy of provinces was created. The research enabled indicating groups of objects that are similar in the examined phenomena.

4

The Unobvious Impact of the First World War on the Height of Pupils in Cracow Schools in 1919–33

80%

Ogórek B.

Acta Poloniae Historica

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2016

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vol. 113

EN

Using data collected during the inter-war period, the article seeks to identify long-term biological effects of food shortages and the increased incidence of contagious diseases during the First World War on a population of pupils of Cracow schools. This goal is achieved through an analysis of the remaining source materials from 1919–33 concerning the height of the population in question. The study found that the impact of the war manifests itself in a lower average height of pupils born in 1915 and in delayed puberty among the cohorts of 1912–15. The article also lists the potential consequences of such drastic long-term effects of the war.

5

Quality of life in Poland in the aspect of sustainable development

80%

Gotowska M.

Roczniki Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Bankowej w Toruniu

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2013

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issue 12

23-33

EN

This article will be include the results of Grant Ministry of Science and Higher Education. They concerned an objective measurement of the standard of living of Polish inhabitants (in terms of provinces) and subjective opinions about quality of life for three selected provinces. The research method was expert method. The selection has allowed for calculating of the synthetic measure standard of living. On the basis were selected 3 Polish provinces. In the provinces was conducted research quality of life by direct interview method. A research tool was a questionnaire. One of the research areas of quality of life was sustainable development which is now one of the important elements of subjective assessment of life in Poland

6

The Use of Methods of Multidimensional Comparative Analysis in Evaluation of the Standard of Living of Poland’s Population in Comparison with Other Countries of the European Union

80%

Mościbrodzka M.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2014

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vol. 5

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issue 3

29-47

EN

The comparative analysis of the standard of living of the population is significant from the viewpoint of evaluation of economic changes as well as determination of the distance between countries with regard to social development. The goal of the article was to compare, using the methods of multidimensional comparative analysis (MCA), the standard of living in the countries of the European Union using a single indicator. This indicator, as an aggregated value, synthesizes the information from all variables defining a complex phenomenon, enabling a comparison of countries with regard to the standard of living. The point of departure for the research was a creation of a set of variables, divided into 8 subgroups: health care, labour market, salaries, housing conditions, education, culture and recreation, communication, environmental protection, and social benefits. On the basis of this group of variables, a comparison of the European Union countries between 2006 and 2011 was made, specifying the position of Poland, with regard to the standard of living of inhabitants and evaluation of the extent of Poland’s similarity to other EU countries. The source base of the articles was information from secondary sources: Internet sites, publications on European statistics, as well as data published by the GUS (Central Statistical Office of Poland).

7

Galicia’s Escape from the Malthusian Trap. A Long and Short-Term Analysis of the Demographic Response to Economic Conditions in the Population of Galicia 1819–1913

71%

Ogórek B.

Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych

|

2015

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vol. 75

EN

Galicia’s escape from the Malthusian trap. A long and short-term analysis of demographic response to the economic conditions in the population of Galicia 1819–1913 (Summary)The purpose of the article is to analyze Malthusian mechanisms to be found in operation in the population of Galicia in the years 1819–1913. Relying on published sources which record both the condition and the natural movement of the Galician population, as well as price movements in key food staples on the Lwów and Kraków markets, the author has examined the relationship between the population’s economic conditions and demographic trends in the long and short-term. The analysis of the long-term relationships shows that it was not until the last decades of the nineteenth century that Galicia set itself free from Malthusian mechanisms. At that time, the demographic situation began to improve for the fi rst time. The improvement came despite some adverse economic phenomena such as falling wages and rising prices. The author points to a number of causes of this situation: the advancement in agricultural production, mass emigration and some institutional changes. The analysis of short-term relationships shows that the nineteenth-century Galicia – although it was lagging behind the countries of Western Europe in terms of GDP per capita, the percentage of those who were literate, or the industrialization processes – was affected by the operation of Malthusian mechanisms to only a slightly greater extent than the western part of the Old Continent. The comparison of the Galician population’s demographic response to an increase in the staple food prices with the way in which the population of the whole of Austria reacted to this increase justifies the conclusion that, with regard to this response, the inhabitants of Galicia were doing as well as the people inhabiting the whole of Cisleithania. This of course does not mean that living standards in Galicia were similar to those typifying Austria or Western Europe, but it does allow one to contest the opinion that the Galician population was considerably vulnerable/prone to economic crises. In defiance of the myth of “Galician misery”, one can say that there actually existed no positive (that is, those bound up with the death rate) constraints on the growth of the Galician population in the period of autonomy.

8

Jakość życia jako kategoria socjologiczna – od teorii do badań społecznych. Przypadek Rybnika

70%

Zygmunt A.

Political Preferences

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2017

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issue 17

215-236

EN

The aim of the article is to present the quality of life as a category which is used on the basis of social sciences, especially sociology, in the theoretical and empiricalaspect. It describes problems connected with quality of life defining. Complicated genesis, as well as interest in the issue of quality of life of representatives of various disciplines makes it difficult to understand it in an unequivocal way. On the basis of sociology, it has an intersubjective dimension, because the subject of the quality of life in sociological research is the community that is considered in a specific socio-cultural context. Its members express opinions about particular spheres of their own lives, assessing the level of their well-being. An example of sociological research on the quality of life are research carried out in Rybnik. While designing this research, the quality of life was operationalized by selecting indicators that were used in survey questions. The article presents selected results of research on the quality of life of Rybnik, and also draws attention to methodological problems encountered by sociologists investigating this issue.

9

DIFFERENCES IN UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG PERSONS IN A SPECIAL SITUATION ON THE LABOUR MARKET ON THE EXAMPLE OF POLISH PROVINCES

70%

Murawska A.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2016

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vol. 7

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issue 3

375-388

EN

The unemployment level in a region and economic activity on the labour market are considered the most important determinants of individuals’ standard of living. The article aims to assess regional differences in indicators characterising the situation on the labour market depending on the selected social and demographic features of the unemployed. In order to achieve this objective, information from secondary sources, primarily statistical yearbooks and other source materials, was used. General data relating to Poland and sixteen provinces was analysed. The assessment of regional differences and the relationship between them used basic indices and ratios in the form of numerical evaluation. Coefficients of intensity, structure, variation and correlation were calculated. Differences in the level of unemployment in Polish provinces depend on such factors as place of residence, age, sex, level of education of the unemployed, seniority and duration of unemployment. Residents of provinces with a favourable situation on the labour market have a notably higher income and standard of living.

10

Satisfaction with education and work as a basis for assessing the quality of life in selected regions with different levels of standard of living

70%

Gotowska M., Jakubczak A.

Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny

|

2014

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issue 12(18)

141-156

EN

This article is aimed to show differences in quality of life regarding education and employment in a given area. The research hypothesis assumes the presence of the difference in quality of life across Poland and of interrelation between the quality of life and the living standards. The studies were conducted on a group of respondents selected intentionally from three provinces. The provinces were selected using a multidimensional analysis and the criterion for selection was the living standards of Polish residents. The studies were conducted as part of the individual Research Grant launched in 2011 under the title: “Living standards and quality of life among Polish residents” 1708/B/H03/2011/40 from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

11

SOCIAL CONVERGENCE IN NORDIC COUNTRIES AT REGIONAL LEVEL

70%

Kuc M.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2017

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vol. 12

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issue 1

25-41

EN

Research background: Geographical proximity, common historical roots and collaboration within the Nordic Council cause the Nordic countries to be often wrongly treated as monoliths. However, in reality, Nordic regions differ in terms of broadly defined social and economic development. Issues concerning the standard of living are one of the priorities of the Helsinki Treaty signed by Nordic countries. Purpose of the article: The main goal of this paper is to analyze the existence of the social convergence in the Nordic NUTS-3 regions over the 2000-2015 period. The social convergence refers to a reduction in the dispersion of the standard of living across regions. The results of this analysis may be helpful in evaluating the efficiency of the activities under third and fourth Nordic Strategy for Sustainable Development. Methods: The spatial taxonomic measure of development proposed by Pietrzak was used as the standard of living approximation. Inclusion of spatial relationships in the construction of taxonomic measure of development is justified as regions are not isolated in space and can be affected by other units. The existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma convergence was tested for global spatial aggregate measure and as well for sub-groups of determinants forming the standard of living. Findings & Value added: The analysis showed that the regions with the highest standard of living are those situated on the west coast of Norway. Regions with the lowest standard of living were the ones located in central Finland. However, the most important part of this research was to investigate the existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma- social convergence. The results show that there is no convergence for global standard of living measure. However, the convergence occurs in groups of determinants of education and health care.

12

Conditions, standard and quality of life in studying socio economic development. An attempt to resolve the problems of the definitions

70%

Zadroga A.

|

2016

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vol. 63

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issue 1: Praca socjalna - English Version

69-76

EN

In the last 30-40 years there has been an increased interest in research on socio economic changes. Thus, there has been a shift away from measuring only the material dimension of development. Researchers started using categories such as: consumption, standard of living, level of living, economic welfare, wealth, living conditions, quality of life, a way of life, lifestyle, etc. The problem that we face in quite extensive literature is the lack of application of a uniform terminology. Attempts to define these categories should be regarded as not fully satisfactory because they do not allow the adoption of clear solutions. We can only point out some proposals that include many significant features conducive to the study of the social dimension of the economic transition. This article attempts to resolve problems of the definitions of three basic categories related to the study of socio-economic changes, which are: conditions of life, standard of living and quality of life.

13

Entrepreneurship vs. standard of living of the population in western Poland: a spatial analysis

61%

Malinowski M.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

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2020

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issue vol. 64, nr 4

127-145

EN

The author of this paper intends to present the relationships between the level of entrepreneurship and the population’s standard of living. This study covered 112 districts in the Dolnośląskie, Lubuskie, Opolskie, Wielkopolskie and Zachodniopomorskie voivodeships. Entrepreneurship levels and standard of living were assessed with the use of TOPSIS. The variables were selected based on relevance, statistical and formal criteria (mainly including completeness and availability of 2018 data for the objects covered by the study). As shown by this study, moderate correlation exists between the phenomena considered. The results of spatial regression analysis provide grounds for concluding that a 1% increase in the synthetic indicator of entrepreneurship results, ceteris paribus, in a 0.31% increase in the synthetic indicator of standard of living at district level.

PL

Zamiarem autora artykułu było przedstawienie zależności między poziomem rozwoju przedsiębiorczości a poziomem życia mieszkańców. Badaniami objęto 112 powiatów w województwach dolnośląskim, lubuskim, opolskim, wielkopolskim i zachodniopomorskim. Do oceny poziomu przedsiębiorczości i poziomu życia wykorzystano metodę TOPSIS. Dobór zmiennych został dokonany na podstawie kryteriów merytorycznych, statystycznych i formalnych (głównie kompletność i dostępność danych dla badanych obiektów w 2018 r.). Z badań wynika, że między analizowanymi zjawiskami zachodzi umiarkowana zależność korelacyjna. Na podstawie wyników analizy regresji przestrzennej można stwierdzić, że wzrost wartości syntetycznego miernika poziomu przedsiębiorczości o 1 jednostoskę powoduje wzrost wartości syntetycznego miernika poziomu życia w poszczególnych powiatach o 0,31, przy założeniu ceteris paribus.

14

Dochody w powiatach województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego

61%

Wyszkowska Z., Serwatka-Bober S.

Zeszyty Naukowe PWSZ w Płocku. Nauki Ekonomiczne

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2017

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vol. 1(25)

113-123

PL

Celem pracy była analiza dochodów w powiatach województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego jako czynnika poziomu życia ludności i określenia rodzaju dochodu, który w analizowanych powiatach ma największy wpływ na poziom życia ludności. Źródło danych stanowiły informacje pochodzące w Banku Danych Lokalnych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Okres badania to lata od 2013 roku do 2015 roku. W pracy korzystano z modelu matematycznego zbudowanego w oparciu o perceptron wielowarstwowy MLP, który jest jednym z rodzajów sztucznych sieci neuronowych. Badania wykazały, że największy wpływ na poziom życia ludności w powiatach województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego ma wielkość udzielonych świadczeń ze środowiskowej pomocy społecznej. Oznacza to, że wraz ze wzrostem poziomu życia ludności, maleje skala świadczeń i zmniejsza się poziom ubóstwa.

EN

The aim of the study was to analyze the income in the districts of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodship as a factor of the living standard of the population and determining the type of income, which in the analyzed districts has the highest impact on the population living standard. The source of the data was the information obtained from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office [Główny Urząd Statystyczny].The study covered the period from 2013 to 2015. In the paper mathematical model based on MLP multi-layer perceptron was used; one of the artificial neural networks types. Studies showed that the greatest influence on standard of living in the districts of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodship has the number of the social benefits provided by social care institutions. It can be concluded that the fewer benefits will be received, the lower the level of poverty and the higher the standard of living of the population will be.

15

Kierunki aktywności Kół Gospodyń Wiejskich na przykładzie województwa mazowieckiego

61%

Chmielewska B.

Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego

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2021

|

vol. 103

|

issue 1

EN

The article discusses the contribution of women associated in Rural Housewives Associations (KGW) of the Masovian voivodeship to improving the standard of living in the countryside. It contains general information on KGW, the results of surveys performed among KGW and case studies. KGW make a significant contribution to the social development of the countryside. They have a special merit in activities for social activation, intergenerational integration, introducing innovations in the countryside, advising women farmers on running a household, taking care of children, maintaining cultural and folklore traditions, promoting handicraft products and promoting of agritourism.

PL

W artykule omówiono wkład kobiet zrzeszonych w Kołach Gospodyń Wiejskich (KGW) w poprawę poziomu życia na wsi w województwie mazowieckim. Zawarto w nim informacje ogólne na temat KGW, wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród KGW oraz studium przypadków. KGW wnoszą znaczący wkład w społeczny rozwój wsi. Mają szczególną zasługę w działaniach na rzecz aktywizacji społecznej, integracji międzypokoleniowej, wprowadzania innowacji na wsi, doradzania mieszkankom wsi w zakresie prowadzenia gospodarstwa domowego, opieki nad dziećmi, podtrzymania tradycji kulturowych, folklorystycznych, upowszechniania wyrobów rękodzielniczych oraz propagowania agroturystyki.

16

Principal Component Analysis - Points of Association Between Cancer and Economic Development

61%

Kovácsné I. S., Fenyvesi É., Pintér T.

Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics

|

2023

|

issue 2

17

Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie poziomu życia ludności województwa podkarpackiego

61%

Majka A.

Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

|

2014

|

issue 39

408-418

PL

Ocena zróżnicowania poziomu życia nabiera szczególnego znaczenia w kontekście analizy stopnia przemian gospodarczych, porównania rozwoju wybranych obszarów między sobą czy wskazania dysproporcji życia społeczeństwa zamieszkującego dany region. Dzięki takim oce-nom możliwe staje się wskazanie dystansu dzielącego poszczególne regiony, wyodrębnienie grup o zbliżonym poziomie życia, uchwycenie podobieństw i różnic występujących pomiędzy poziomem życia w poszczególnych jednostkach administracyjnych czy określenie zagrożenia danego regionu. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyniki statystycznej analizy zróżnicowania poziomu życia ludności w powiatach województwa podkarpackiego. W pierwszej części niniejszej pracy skupio-no się nad istotą terminu „poziom życia” oraz na odróżnianiu poziomu życia od pokrewnych kate-gorii, takich jak: warunki życia, jakość życia czy dobrobyt społeczny. Ze względu na fakt, iż poziom życia mieszkańców danego regionu kształtowany jest poprzez wiele różnych czynników ze sfery uwarunkowań społeczno-gospodarczych oraz ekonomicznych, przeprowadzoną ocenę zróżnicowania poziomu życia oparto na cechach diagnostycznych opisują-cych m.in.: lokalny rynek pracy, opiekę zdrowotną i społeczną, infrastrukturę gospodarczą i ko-munikację, gospodarkę mieszkaniową, oświatę i kulturę oraz bezpieczeństwo. Materiał empirycz-ny stanowiły dane obrazujące wielkość cech kształtujących poziom życia pozyskane z wydaw-nictw Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego dotyczące roku 2012. W badaniu przestrzennego zróżni-cowania poziomu życia wykorzystano syntetyczny miernik taksonomiczny. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy poziomu życia ludności powiatów województwa pod-karpackiego wyodrębniono cztery grupy typologiczne oraz wskazano czynniki (cechy), które najsilniej różnicują pozycje powiatów.

EN

The rating of living standard's diversity gains a special meaning in the context of the extent of the of economic transformation analysis, comparison of chosen areas between each other or indicating a disproportion of the life of society residing a particular region. Thanks to such ratings it is becoming possible to indicate the distance which distinguishes particular regions to distinct groups with a similar standard of living, to notice the differences and similarities between a standard of living in the particular administrative units or to determine the risks of a particular region. In the article there were presented the results of statistical analysis of differences in living standard in the districts of Subcarphatia. The first part of the work focuses on the essence of the term “standard of living” and on distinguishing standard of living from the related categories, such as: living conditions, quality of life and social welfare. Because of the fact that the standard of living of a particular region's residents is created through many different factors of the sphere of socio-economic and economic conditions, the rating of the diversity of living was based on diagnostic features which describe, among others, the local labour market, health and social service, economic infrastructure and communication, housing, education, culture, and security. The empirical material included the data from 2012, gained by the Central Statistical Office publishers, which shows the size of the features that determine the standard of living. In the study of spatial differentiation of living the synthetic taxonomic indicator was used. As a result of the analysis the standard of living of people from Subcarpathian poviats four typological groups and were distinguished and the factors which differentiate the position of poviats were indicated.

18

Functional diversity of Kielce suburban municipalities versus the standard of living of their inhabitants

61%

Edyta G.-M.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

|

2016

|

issue 3(41)

293–299

EN

Urbanization processes of areas located within large cities entail a number of consequences, such as a change in employment structure of inhabitants in these areas. New housing developments attract a stream of well-educated and affl uent urban dwellers, who move to the suburbs and contribute to the transformation of dominating functions in the areas located near the cities. Based on selected empirically measurable characteristics, synthetic measures were calculated for the phenomena analyzed with the use of the Hellwig method. The following functions have been included: agricultural, recreational, service, industrial, and residential. Based on the conducted analysis, it can be claimed that most of the examined municipalities are characterized by multifunctional development, with no dominant function apparent. Also, the analysis revealed the existence of three social classes in the studied areas, distinguished by a very high, high, or average standard of living of their members. The study found that the highest standard of living is typical for the municipalities where industrial and service-related functions dominate.

PL

Procesy urbanizacji obszarów zlokalizowanych w obrębie dużych miast pociągają za sobą wiele skutków. Zmienia się struktura zatrudnienia zamieszkującej tam ludności. Do nowych osiedli napływa strumień ludności miejskiej, dobrze wykształconej i zamożnej. Następstwem tego procesu jest przemiana funkcji obszarów położonych w sąsiedztwie miast. Badaniem objęto gminy podmiejskie Kielc. Na podstawie wybranych cech empirycznych obliczono syntetyczne miary dla analizowanych zagadnień przy zastosowaniu metody Hellwiga. Przyjęto następujące funkcje: rolnicze, rekreacyjne, usługowe, przemysłowe, rezydencjalne. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy można skonstatować, że większość analizowanych gmin charakteryzuje się rozwojem wielofunkcyjnym, bez wyraźnie dominującej funkcji. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwoliła wyodrębnić trzy klasy: o bardzo wysokim, wysokim i średnim poziomie życia. Stwierdzono, że najwyższy poziom życia występuje w gminach, w któ- rych dominują funkcje przemysłowe i usługowe.

19

Poziom życia mieszkańców miasta Poznania na tle innych podregionów w Polsce w 2015 roku

61%

Matuszak L.

Handel Wewnętrzny

|

2018

|

issue 4 (375) tom I

210-226

PL

Jakość i poziom życia są rozumiane różnie. Jednocześnie pojęcia te często stosuje się zamiennie. Celem artykułu jest określenie poziomu życia mieszkańców największych polskich miast oraz podregionów (poziom NTS3) o największej liczebności w sześciu aspektach – warunków materialnych, pracy i czasu wolnego, zdrowia, edukacji, bezpieczeństwa i ochrony środowiska. Każdy z aspektów był określony przez wartość zestandaryzowanych wskaźników na podstawie danych z GUS z 2015 roku. Najwyższy poziom życia, określony przez dostępne w statystyce publicznej zmienne, można zaobserwować w Warszawie, a także w Poznaniu, Krakowie i Wrocławiu. Poziom życia w największych miastach jest najlepszy we wszystkich aspektach poza tym, które dotyczą środowiska oraz bezpieczeństwa.

EN

Quality of life and living standards are understood in different ways. However, these concepts are often used interchangeably. The purpose of the article was to determine the living standards of the inhabitants of the largest Polish cities and sub-regions (NUTS3) in six aspects: material conditions, work and leisure condition, health, education, safety and environmental protection. Each of the aspects was determined by the value of standardised indicators based on data from the Central Statistical Office (of the year 2015). The highest standard of living defined by variables available in the public statistics can be observed in Warsaw as well as in Poznan, Krakow, and Wroclaw. The standard of living in major cities is the best in all aspects, except for the environment and safety.

RU

Качество и уровень жизни понимаются по-разному. Одновременно эти понятия часто применяют попеременно. Цель статьи – определить уровень жизни жителей крупнейших польских городов и субрегионов (уровень NTS3) с самым большим числом жителей в шести аспектах: материальные условия, занятость и досуг, здоровье, образование, безопасность и защита окружающей среды. Каждый из аспектов определялся значением стандартизированных индексов на основе данных ЦСУ за 2015 год. Самый высокий уровень жизни, определяемый доступными в официальной статистике переменными, можнотметить в Варшаве, а также в Познани, Кракове и Вроцлаве. Уровень жизни в крупнейших городах – самый высокий во всех аспектах кроме того, который касается среды и безопасности.

20

Eurosieroctwo – zjawisko społeczne charakterystyczne dla zstępującego pokolenia

61%

Borowicz R., Urlińska M. M., Vanags J.

Kultura i Edukacja

|

2014

|

issue 3(103)

23-36

EN

Euroorphanhood concerns of older people whose children are staying abroad for a long time (in the project at least 12 months). Traditional network of support in Polish society is based on familiocentrism. According to this theory, the younger generations have obligations to the oldest members of their families which arising from the bonds of blood. Phenomenon of interest to us is its existential dimension (quality of life) and essential (quality of life). It is equally important, the objective (defined state of affairs) and subjective (personal sense of quality of life) approach. Euroorphanhood is a development phenomenon, because of a large spatial mobility of the younger generation on the one hand and quickly extending of the human life cycle. In this approach euroorphanhood will be subjected to empirical testing – it will be a comparative study in three countries: Lithuania, Latvia, Poland.

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Zróżnicowanie poziomu życia w miastach Polski

CRIME AND THE STANDARD OF LIVING IN POLAND

The Unobvious Impact of the First World War on the Height of Pupils in Cracow Schools in 1919–33

Quality of life in Poland in the aspect of sustainable development

The Use of Methods of Multidimensional Comparative Analysis in Evaluation of the Standard of Living of Poland’s Population in Comparison with Other Countries of the European Union

Galicia’s Escape from the Malthusian Trap. A Long and Short-Term Analysis of the Demographic Response to Economic Conditions in the Population of Galicia 1819–1913

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Satisfaction with education and work as a basis for assessing the quality of life in selected regions with different levels of standard of living

SOCIAL CONVERGENCE IN NORDIC COUNTRIES AT REGIONAL LEVEL

Conditions, standard and quality of life in studying socio economic development. An attempt to resolve the problems of the definitions

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Principal Component Analysis - Points of Association Between Cancer and Economic Development

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Functional diversity of Kielce suburban municipalities versus the standard of living of their inhabitants

Poziom życia mieszkańców miasta Poznania na tle innych podregionów w Polsce w 2015 roku

Eurosieroctwo – zjawisko społeczne charakterystyczne dla zstępującego pokolenia