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The article analyzes the cultural and creative heritage of artists of Polish descent who found themselves in Kazakhstan for various reasons in the period from the middle of the 19th to the end of the 20th centuries. In addition to their unconditional artistic value, the results of their creative efforts are of great scientific importance for modern Kazakhstan as unique ethnographic sources and documentary evidence of the daily graft and life of the Kazakh steppe. Domestic historical science already has a certain reserve dedicated to various sociopolitical, cultural and economic aspects of Kazakh-Polish relations, where the deportation of Poles and the formation of Kazakhstan’s Polonia are of particular importance. However, the creative heritage of Polish artists in Kazakhstan fell into the field of vision of scientists extremely occasionally. While its cultural and art historical context is able to shed light on many facets of the history, ethnography and culture of the Kazakh people. During the research, retrospective, comparative-historical and formal-stylistic campaigns were used. The result of the research is a retrospective analysis of the works of some of the most prominent Polish artists, due to various factors, for whom the Great Steppe has become not only a home, but also a source of inspiration and strength.
EN
The Buryat-Mongols’ Way of Being and Their National Image of the WorldThe article focuses on the comparison of two main concepts in the national image of the world of the Buryat-Mongols as it applies to their way of being: the Man of the Steppes and the Man of Water and the Woods. The research is based on the theory of the well-known Russian scholar Georgiĭ Gachev, who connects types of landscape and natural environment to national images of the world. Dwelling around Lake Baikal on the one hand, and at flat steppe territories on the other hand is reflected in two alternative ways of living, as well as images of world and forms of imagination. The author of the article analyzes the two variants of identity, which have always been under the influence of certain geographical and climate factors, economic activities, as well as cultural and historic traditions of various Buryat-Mongol ethnic subgroups. Buriacko-mongolska droga życia i narodowy obraz świataArtykuł jest poświęcony komparatystycznej analizie dwóch podstawowych konceptów (hipostaz) buriacko-mongolskiego narodowego obrazu świata: człowiekowi stepów i człowiekowi wody i lasu. Analiza opiera się na teorii znanego rosyjskiego badacza Gieorgija Gaczewa, który postuluje istnienie wzajemnego oddziaływania między obrazami natury i narodowym obrazem świata. Życie wokół jeziora Bajkał z jednej strony i praca w bezkresnym stepie z drugiej znajdują wyraz w tych dwóch podstawowych formach istnienia, światopoglądach i formach wyobraźni. Autorka artykułu analizuje te dwie odmiany tożsamości, które podlegają wpływowi ze strony określonych czynników geograficznych i klimatycznych, aktywności ekonomicznej oraz historyczno-kulturowej tradycji różnych buriacko-mongolskich podgrup etnicznych.
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