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Should risk-averse investors target the portfolios of socially responsible companies?

100%

Valls Martínez M. d. C., Soriano Román R., Martín Cervantes P. A.

Oeconomia Copernicana

2022

vol. 13

issue 2

439-474

Research background: Companies are required to implement Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies to mitigate the adverse social and environmental effects of their activities and gain legitimacy in the eyes of society. Sustainability initiatives are costly for companies but, at the same time, they are important value-creation drivers. Retail and institutional investors are increasingly choosing portfolios based on CSR performance. However, the relationship between CSR and market beta has hardly been studied at all in the literature, and no direct comparison of the U.S. and European markets has been conducted. Purpose of the article: The two fundamental variables that define an investment are return and risk, and the appropriate risk-return combination depends on the profile of the investors. This research aims to analyze the relationship between CSR and market risk, understood as price volatility and measured by market beta in the U.S. and European markets. Methods: Companies listed in the S&P 500 and Euro Stoxx 300 indexes from 2015 to 2019 were examined using OLS regressions with instrumental variables (IV) and fixed effects panel data. Findings & value added: The results show that those companies with higher CSR have betas below the market index in the U.S. market as well as lower volatility, and are, therefore, more appropriate choices for risk-averse investors. However, this relationship was not confirmed in the European market. This difference may be justified by two reasons: 1) The non-adherence of the United States to the Kyoto Protocol, resulting in less strict legal regulations than in Europe; 2) In the U.S. market, betas are more aggressive, while in the European market they are more defensive, with little margin for reduction. This research contributes to the current state of knowledge by providing empirical evidence that social, environmental, and corporate governance sustainability practices reduce stock volatility in the U.S. capital market, which is highly relevant for private and institutional investors who make their investments based on moral criteria. The results are current and reliable since they cover a broad and recent period for two of the most important stock market indexes.

Wpływ zmian stopy referencyjnej NBP na zmiany wartości i zmienność indeksu WIG20

86%

Saba K., Kudła J.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

2014

issue 37

105-125

Przedmiotem pracy jest analiza wpływu zmian referencyjnej stopy procentowej NBP na zmiany wartości oraz zmienność cen akcji wchodzących w skład indeksu WIG20. Testowana jest hipoteza o istotnym wpływie nieoczekiwanych zmian stopy referencyjnej na zmiany wartości indeksu WIG20 oraz poziom jego zmienności. W tym celu ze zmian wartości stóp rynkowych WIBOR, wyodrębniono komponenty zmiany przewidywanej i nieoczekiwanej. Następnie za pomocą modeli typu GARCH oszacowano parametry opisujące kierunek i siłę wpływu tych komponentów na zmiany indeksu WIG20 oraz jego zmienność. Analiza potwierdziła wpływ zmian nieoczekiwanych i nie wykazała wpływu przewidywanych zmian stopy referencyjnej na zmiany indeksu giełdowego. Jednocześnie nie udało się wykazać, aby silniejsze zmiany nieoczekiwane, ani zachodzące w określonym kierunku (dodatnie lub ujemne) miały istotny wpływ na wartość akcji wchodzących w skład indeksu WIG20.

The changes of interbank interest rate triggered by National Bank of Poland can impact the prices and the volatility of WIG20 index on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Therefore, the main hypothesis of the paper stipulates the significant effect of unexpected NBP reference interest rate changes on the changes and volatility of WIG20 – the index of the largest and the most liquid stocks of the Polish capital market. To testify the hypothesis, we split the changes of interest rates, occurring after the decisions of the Monetary Policy Council, on the expected and unexpected components. Subsequently, using the GARCH-type models we estimate the parameters describing the direction and strength of the impact of these components on the changes of WIG20 and its volatility. The analysis confirmed the impact of unexpected interest rate changes but not the expected ones. However, at the same time there is no evidence that stronger unexpected changes or changes headed in particular direction (positive or negative) have a significant impact on the value of the stocks on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

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1 Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

1 Oeconomia Copernicana

1 Kudła J.

1 Martín Cervantes P. A.

1 Saba K.

1 Soriano Román R.

1 Valls Martínez M. d. C.

1 2022

1 2014

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Should risk-averse investors target the portfolios of socially responsible companies?

Wpływ zmian stopy referencyjnej NBP na zmiany wartości i zmienność indeksu WIG20