Search results - CEJSH

1

Strukturalistyczna bohemistyka Profesora Jacka Balucha (1940–2019)

100%

Gierowski P.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2019

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issue 32

EN

Gierowski Piotr, Strukturalistyczna bohemistyka Profesora Jacka Balucha (1940–2019) [The Structural Bohemistics of Professor Jacek Baluch (1940–2019)]. „Przestrzenie Teorii” 32. Poznań 2019, Adam Mickiewicz University Press, pp. 455–467. ISSN 1644-6763. DOI 10.14746/pt.2019.32.25. The paper describes the scientific profile of Jacek Baluch, Polish scholar and scientist in the field of Czech studies, professor of the Jagiellonian University, democratic opposition activist in the communist period in Poland, and Polish ambassador to Prague. The study emphasizes the structural aspects of Jacek Baluch’s scientific work and its meaning for the development of Polish literary knowledge in the second half of the 20th century.

2

Testament naukowy Jurija Łotmana

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Żyłko B.

Acta Neophilologica

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2012

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issue XIV/2

259-273

EN

Yuri Lotman started his research activity in the field of literary theory (widely: theory of culture) as orthodox structuralist at the beginning of the 1970s. The concept of structure has been based on the structural linguistic theories and adopted to develop research on literary works as well as “cultural texts”. The last ones concern the perception of structure not only in terms of the “level of expression”, but also the “level of content” that can be analysed with the use of peculiar procedures. The strict procedures rely on distinguishing the set of “binary oppositions” in the “structure of content” to illustrate the author’s perception of reality and his “model of the world”. Lotman was convinced that ideological and artistic structures are immersed in history. They have a dynamic nature (likewise the culture which was seen as the complicated “semiosphere” with its processes, predictable or unpredictable as well as the innovative “explosion” mechanisms). Therefore, Lotman in his later years moves away from cultural self-models based on “binary oppositions” to “ternary” system. In spite of the evident evolution of his concepts Lotman was always devoted to the doctrine of knowledge and never left the humanistic ideals using them for research purposes. The scientific models and sources of inspiration could be changeable, but pathos and scientific rationality never left him. His structuralism was at its peak with possibility of evolution, infinitely flexible, individual, accidental, unpredictable or even “explosive”, but never was the betrayal of previous ideals.

3

Wartośćw spółcześnie odczytywanego strukturalizmu dla międzykulturowego kształcenia studentów

93%

Rogalska-Marasińska A.

Pedagogika Szkoły Wyższej

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2011

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issue 2

41-61

EN

The text presents reflections about possibilities of intercultural students’ education on the basis of structuralism, especially on structural anthropology by C. Levi-Strauss. Learning about multiple possibilities of cultural life in the world, perceiving their differences and similarities, reaching common elements though hidden under external dissimilarities and cultural colouring – all are the stages of structural research. Vast perspective which can be gained thanks to such research practice influences a human attitude towards others that divisions into better and worse people are unfounded. Differences are relative – J.J. Rousseau was one of those who pointed it clearly. That is why in the article we find some thoughts of the XVIII-c. philosopher as well as quotations of XX-c. structural researcher. The author of the text clearly shows her conviction about the anthropological wealth of human achievements and suggests that it is worth looking closer to C. Levi-Strauss proposition when searching the way of contemporary true intercultural students’ development.

4

Akt założycielski polskiego strukturalizmu immanentnego: Juliusza Kleinera Treść i forma w poezji

93%

Obremski K.

Przestrzenie Teorii

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2021

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issue 35

125-137

EN

In Polish literary studies methodology, Kleiner’s status as entirely marginal, if not anachronistic, can be justified only on one condition, namely if we overlook the study Content and form in poetry (“Przegląd Warszawski” 1922, r. 2, vol. 2, pp. 323–333), for it can be read as the rejected cornerstone of Polish immanent structuralism. Due to the ambiguity of the term “structuralism”, it is necessary to define its meaning here: it will be determined by the historical context, i.e. the Course in General Linguistics (first edition: 1916). Adopting Janusz Sławiński’s terminology, we may add that it is a rejected cornerstone of immanent (“unconscious”) structuralism not a formulated one.

5

A landscape embroiled: experience of nature through experience of art

93%

Milczarczyk P.

Polish Journal of Landscape Studies

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2019

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vol. 2

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issue 4-5

13-22

EN

The article sets out with the theory of “aesthetics of reality” (created by Maria Gołaszewska) and its related method of transferring artistic structures onto non-artistic reality. The resulting construct, which is dubbed a para-artistic structure, becomes the theoretical basis for the aesthetic experience of nature. The so-called “formalization”-a procedure which consists in inserting nature into artistic frameworks-makes natural phenomena acquire a pretense of artwork. Nature as a picture becomes a landscape, while terms connected with the aesthetics of nature gain artistic qualities, enabling use of such notions as picturesque or kitsch. The methodological proposal by Gołaszewska is subsequently compared with the critical perspective of environmental aesthetics.

6

The Afterlife of Poetics

93%

Korwin-Piotrowska D.

Tematy i Konteksty

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2020

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issue 1

15-30

EN

The article presents contemporary debates concerning poetics, the heritage of structuralism as well as new research areas. It presents some of the fundamental arguments against poetics in its traditional sense and attempts to analyse and problematize them. In conclusion, the author postulates adopting a changed attitude towards the current terminology, including practical aspects in the study of poetics and also maintaining a multidimensional development of the discipline.

81%

Daszuta A.

Adeptus

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2018

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issue 12

EN

A meta-structuralist trap: Periodisation and Jan Mukařovský’s structuralismThe aim of this article is to show some methodological traps connected with the common tendency for periodisation of phenomena or processes in research, basing on the example of secondary literature about Czech structuralism, especially Jan Mukařovský’s theory. The author describes the narratives shaped in these works and shows how their symbolic charge directs the way of thinking about the heritage of the Prague school and Jan Mukařovský, which may influence the interpretation of his literary and aesthetic theory. Meta-strukturalistyczna pułapka. Periodyzacja a strukturalizm Jana MukařovskiegoCelem artykułu jest ukazanie na przykładzie opracowań czeskiego strukturalizmu, zwłaszcza dorobku Jana Mukařovskiego, pułapek metodologicznych związanych z powszechną tendencją badawczą do periodyzacji zjawisk i procesów. Zrekonstruowane zostają kształtowane w tych opracowaniach narracje, których ładunek symboliczny ukierunkowuje – często nadmiernie – sposób myślenia o dziedzictwie szkoły praskiej oraz o Janie Mukařovskim, co może wpływać na interpretacje jego refleksji literaturoznawczej i estetycznej.

13

Językoznawstwo ogólne - metodologiczny projekt Ferdynanda de Saussure'a

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Danielewiczowa M.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2013

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issue 16

43-59

EN

The article discusses several methodological problems contained in Saussure’s works. General linguistics, a new discipline postulated by the author, was to be founded on linguistic details and at the same time focus on the fundamental and universal mechanisms of speech. Saussure did not consider general linguistics a part of natural sciences or of historical studies; he indicated logic as the discipline that can provide the appropriate tools for an adequate description of language. According to him, the subject of research in linguistics is not given in advance; instead, it depends entirely on the chosen point of view. Internal divisions of the discipline, especially the distinction between the linguistics of “langue” and the linguistics of “parole”, follows, firstly, from the dual nature of language, and secondly, from Saussure’s teaching about the legitimate points of view.

14

O poglądach Profesora Witolda Mańczaka na paradygmaty językoznawstwa

81%

Grochowski M.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

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2017

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issue Numer Specjalny 2

19-28

EN

The paper describes Witold Mańczak’s contribution to the development of general and theoretical linguistics in the last fifty years. Against the background of his monistic notion of language as a material entity, this author presents Mańczak’s critical evaluation of the methodological apparatus of paradigms which came after the inductive historical-comparative linguistics. The analysis focuses primarily on Mańczak’s criticism of Ferdinand de Saussure’s notion of language.

15

Varvinimed ja varvid vendade Grimmide muinasjutu “Lumivalguke” variantides

81%

Sutrop U.

Mäetagused

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2016

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vol. 64

57-68

EN

The article discusses three versions of the Snow White fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm (1810, 1812, and 1857), delving into the meanings of colours and colour names occurring in them as well as changes in the names and meanings. The analysis proceeds from the structural method of fairy tale study and explores the symbolic meaning oppositions of colours and their names, such as in/out, light/dark, life/death, logical/mythological. The analysis is also based on the differentiation drawing on the theory of primary colours, according to which black, white, and red are the most fundamental colour names. However, the use of colour names (semantics and symbolism) is complicated in the versions of the Snow White fairy tale, as a colour may have several oppositional meanings. It is not just simple binary oppositions. The Brothers Grimm regarded the colours black, white, and red as beautiful. Jacob Grimm depicted them as the three colours of poetry.

16

Od znaczenia do konceptu: pragmatyczno-kulturowe aspekty specyfikacji semantycznej

81%

Kiklewicz A.

Poradnik Językowy

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2020

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vol. 776

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issue 7

50-61

EN

The author discusses theoretical issues of functional semantics, especially such directions of the contemporary anthropological linguistics as ethnosemantics and cognitive semantics. The diversification of the content of a lexical meaning under the influence of external, mainly pragmatic and cultural, factors is the primary object of interest here. Therefore, the author considers the degree of semantic specification of lexical units at various levels of interpersonal communication: both general and subcultural. As assumed by the contemporary cultural linguistics, a concept is considered to be a category of representation of knowledge encoded in language signs. The author gives arguments in favour of the view that the opposition of the (lexical, general) meaning and concept is gradual and concerns the scope of semantic information encoded in the sign in accordance with adaptive requirements.

17

Abstract logical structuralism

80%

Marquis J.-P.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2020

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issue 69

67-110

EN

Structuralism has recently moved center stage in philosophy of mathematics. One of the issues discussed is the underlying logic of mathematical structuralism. In this paper, I want to look at the dual question, namely the underlying structures of logic. Indeed, from a mathematical structuralist standpoint, it makes perfect sense to try to identify the abstract structures underlying logic. We claim that one answer to this question is provided by categorical logic. In fact, we claim that the latter can be seen-and probably should be seen-as being a structuralist approach to logic and it is from this angle that categorical logic is best understood.

18

Relacja forma – funkcja w myśli Ferdynanda de Saussure’a, gramatyce generatywnej i gramatyce konstrukcji. Próba zarysu

70%

Pskit W.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2013

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issue 2(10)

147-159

EN

Aspects of Ferdinand de Saussure’s linguistic theorizing that have exerted a profound influence on the development of modern linguistics include his view on the relation between form and meaning/function. Indeed, the very relation underlies his concept of linguistic sign. The signifying-signified dichotomy appears to be a point of departure for a number of current theoretical paradigms. This paper attempts to point to the fact that de Saussure’s conception of the link between form and function has inspired the treatment of this relation in two modern approaches: generative grammar and construction grammar. It seems that the notion of phase, crucial to the derivational mechanism in the most recent version of Chomsky’s (1995, 2001, 2008) generative grammar, i.e. the Minimalist Program, and the concept of construction in Goldberg’s (1995, 2003, 2006) construction grammar elaborate on de Saussure’s perspective on form and meaning/function. Obviously, both modern approaches go beyond de Saussure’s conception and differ from one another due to distinct theoretical and methodological assumptions.

19

Antyrealistyczna ucieczka w sferę możliwości

70%

Wójtowicz K.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2008

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issue 42

15-27

PL

The article is devoted to a popular presentation of two important styles of thinking concerning the problem of existence of mathematical objects: Chihara's linguistic constructivism, and Hellman's modal structuralism. According to Chihara, mathematical statements should be interpreted as referring to certain linguistic construction; according to Hellman, mathematics is the science of possible structures. The motivations and main ideas are examined (without going into technical details), and the similarities and differences between these two viewpoints are highlighted.

20

Humanity and inhumanity of the sign: two views of man

70%

Švantner M.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2023

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vol. 71

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issue Special_issue_1

9-39

EN

The present article centers its focus on the conceptual clash involving selected definitions of the human and the non-human within the field of sign theory, particularly examining two nearly paradigmatic perspectives: structuralist semiology and Peircean semiotics. The text’s argumentation critically departs from the conventional viewpoint put forth by Ernest Cassirer. This perspective, widely prevalent not only in the humanities but also in the social sciences (e.g., M. Weber, T. Parsons) and even the natural sciences (e.g., T. Deacon), frequently regards the “symbol” as the defining boundary between the human and the non-human. The discussion further delves into the context of structuralist anti-humanism, which endeavors to redefine subjectivity by drawing from structural linguistics. Offering an alternative perspective to both Cassirerian and structuralist views of representation, the article introduces the semiotics of C. S. Peirce. According to John Deely, who serves as the primary source of inspiration for this paper, Peirce’s semiotics opens the door to a distinct, inferentialist, and methodologically more comprehensive understanding of the sign and the symbol, reshaping the understanding of the relationship between humans and the world inhabited by entities that, while they do not possess language, are capable of making inferences and employing signs – whether they be animals or machines. These nonlinguistic, non-representational yet communicative entities largely remained inconspicuous within structuralist semiology. Asubjective structures, seemingly waiting to be infused with human meaning, to be fully represented within the concept of language, to become subjects in a supposedly universal science of signs. At this juncture, the text departs from structuralist premises and, aligning with Peirce’s perspective, follows Deely in proposing that what sets apart human comprehension of signs from other forms of sign-interpretating agencies is the capacity to understand the sign as a sign. In essence, this represents the unique ability of human animals, even if unconscious, to engage in semiotics.

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