Search results - CEJSH

1

Małpia gramatyka? Porównanie potencjału kombinatorycznego ludzi i szympansów (studium przypadku)

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Nowak T.

Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies

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2017

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issue 3

109-127

EN

The article is a case study of a chimpanzee bonobo – Kanzi. The author of the paper aims at providing a comparison of formal (mathematical) and empirical (linguistic, psychological, biological) results of research on the grammar of human and non‑human language or codes. The content of the paper focuses on the issues relating to the power of grammatical combinations. The author seeks to answer the question: What differentiates human and animal communication?

2

Uwagi o strukturze i przekładzie skrótowców z dziedziny wojskowości i przemysłu w Słowniku rosyjsko-polskim Józefa Krasnego

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Sobczak M.

Acta Polono-Ruthenica

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2019

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vol. Tom 3 Nr XXIV

67-84

EN

This paper examines the structure and translation of industry and military abbreviations compiled by Józef Krasny in the Moscow Russian-Polish dictionary. The first section refers to abbreviations as language units and focusing on the interwar period, provides a brief historical context of abbreviations in the Russian language. It further describes terminological and classification problems and refers to selected aspects of translation.The paper aims first and foremost to analyse the structure of the extracted initialisms, syllabic and complex abbreviations and clipped forms. In addition, it deals with models of their translation and lexicographic representation. Ultimately, it evaluates if the choice of Polish equivalents for Russian abbreviations in the dictionary in question is adequate and consistent.

3

Singletrack na fortepian solo Pawła Szymańskiego jako utwór algorytmiczny

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Kostka V.

Aspekty Muzyki

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2013

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vol. 3

49-58

EN

The term ‘algorithm’ is roughly defi ned as a set of rules for solving a problem in a fi nite number of steps. Algorithms in music are used in a variety of ways, including sound synthesis and composing, whenever result benefi ts from applying a series of rules or instructions. Paweł Szymański has composed many such works and one of them is Singletrack for piano solo. Basing on analysis the author concludes that Singletrack’s algorithm is as following: 1. Create four motifs 7-, 9-, 11-, and 13-notes long with the same beginnings and endings if possible. 2. Build a single-voice construction taking in turn only one sound from the shortest to the longest motifs. After exhaustion of all sounds of any motif take sounds from the beginning of the motif and continue. 3. Do not change a register of the individual sounds. 4. See if a construction is possible to play by a pianist. 5. Continue to build the single-voice construction till desirable length. The algorithm above had resulted in initial structure, which Szymański changed later in many ways according to aesthetic rules. It is just the fi nal structure that shows the master class of the composer. However, the author puts off discussion of it on the other occasion.

4

ЗМІСТ І СТРУКТУРА МОДЕЛІ ГОТОВНОСТІ ВЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ ДО ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ САМОЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ В СИСТЕМІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

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Юрченко О.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

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issue 10(54)

334-340

EN

In the article the content and structure of the model of readiness of primary school teachers to introduce technology for survival in professional activities, built through theoretical researchesof the problems of primary school teachers’ readiness to form self-preserving skills in younger students in educational activities, the semantic aspect of the model of primary school teachers’ readiness to introduce technology into professional self-preservation activities, a brief description of the purpose and course “Fundamentals of care for children and adults” are presented. The survey method and the method of Socratic conversation are used. Definition of perspective directions of our research is inextricably linked to objective assessment of the real state of the methodological work of secondary school teacher to self-preserving activity. High level of readiness of primary school teachers to introduce technology requires consideration of the principles of self-preservation: emotion, accessibility, systematic, consciousness, activity, clarity, and individually oriented approaches. Thus, the willingness of the primary school teachers to implement technologies for survival –the system of a complex structural motives, traits, attitudes, a particular interest in the organization of work, professional knowledge, skills and experience. The integrity of the system is determined by the full development of each component, i.e.mutually caused bythe unity of affective, cognitive and technological components in the structure of the elementary school teacher’s readiness to corresponding activity. The above mantioned structure of the primary school teachers’ readiness continue to be treated as a continuous process of professional activity as nucleation stage in the educational space of Ukrainian innovative model of elementary school teacher who is willing to enhance his/her health culture, fluent technique and organization of cognitive, environmental, rehabilitation, psychotherapy and communication of junior pupils in the special conditions of the natural and social environment.

5

Once Upon a Time-and They lived Happily Ever After? The Pure Relationship and Love Relationships in the Italian Context

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Guizzardi L.

Polish Sociological Review

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2010

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vol. 169

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issue 1

21-40

EN

The purpose of this essay is to examine whether the theory of the pure relationship advanced by Anthony Giddens can be used to explain love relationships in Italy. The essay is structured as follows: we start with a presentation of the pure relationship (§ 1) and why I hold that to remain as faithful as possible to the essential presuppositions of this model we need to study the phenomenon of the free union between two people (§ 2). In the third section I present statistics from the 2003 ISTAT study Multifunctional analysis of the family and move on in the fourth section to draw conclusions taking this data into account.

6

POMIAR KAPITAŁU SPOŁECZNEGO. BADANIE EMPIRYCZNE W WIELKOPOLSCE

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Skawińska E., Zalewski R., Brzęczek T.

Polityka Społeczna

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2011

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vol. 38

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issue 7(448)

23-28

EN

The aim of this paper is to verify the methodology of measuring social capital in the research conducted by the representatives of territorial self-governments in the Wielkopolska region. The research was conducted in six intentionally selected powiats (administrative districts) of this Voivodeship; five compared and one comparative accepted as a model. The aim of this paper was achieved using the direct interview questionnaire method. Empirical data was compared using the statistical methods (correlation, classification, principal components) and comparative profiles and visualizations. The results of this analysis made it possible to confirm the usefulness of those methods in reaching the goal of this paper and to verify the working hypotheses. The implemented methods made it possible to: measure the level and structure of social capital; identify the size of social capital’s gap and identify the key attributes of social capital.

7

Holdings’ Level of Complexity During the Crisis[1]

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Mierzejewska W.

Journal of Management and Financial Sciences

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2014

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vol. 18(4)

35-47

EN

The article presents the way the level of complexity of holdings was changing. The qualitative research made it possible to verify whether holdings modify their structure in response to the worse performance during a crisis period. 1 The article presents results of research carried out as a part of the National Science Centre research project 2011/03/13/HSR/04922 entitled “Determinants of Polish Enterprises’ Resistance to the Macroeconomic Crisis”.

8

Nowe spojrzenie na kompozycję Księgi Zachariasza 9-14

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Homerski J.

The Biblical Annals

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1966

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vol. 13

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issue 1

71-80

PL

L’article présente deux études les plus récentes: P . Lamarche Zacharie IX-X IV. Structure littéraire en messianisme (Études Bibliques), Paris 1961 et de B. Otzen, Studien über Deuterosacharja (Acta Theologica Danica, vol. VI), Copenhagen 1964, dont les auteurs pensent pouvoir resoudre le problème assez difficile de la composition littéraire de Zacharie 9-14. P. Lamarche recourt à l’hypothèse d’une structure littéraire artificielle faisant appel à des complexes harmonieusement groupés à l’aide d’articulations et de parallelismes. B. Otzen trouve, par contre, en Deutéro-Zacharie les quatres traditions (Zach 9-10, 11, 12-13 e t 14) découvrant à la base de chacune d’elles le „kultisch-liturgisches Schema”. L’article a pour but d’attirer l’attention sur le fait que selon B. Stade (1881) ce sont les premiers exégètes qui parlent de l’unité de composition littéraire dans Zacharie 9-14. Ils en soulignent le caractère eschatologique e t apocalyptique par les groupements des vers qui s’organisent à l’intérieur en une construction littéraire harmonieuse et très expressive en chiasme. C’est justement leur méthode qui nous aide à nous familiariser avec cette manière de composer et à pénétrer dans la pensée de l’auteur inspiré. Ces études par l’analyse des structures de chaque partie et du livre tout entier prouvent que Zacharie 9-14 appartient à la littérature de l’époque perse.

9

Инвектива как лирический жанр: семантическая структура (на материале русской и польской поэзии XIX–ХХ вв.)

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Краковяк А.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica

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2010

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issue 3

134-156

EN

The article presents a study on invective as a lyrical genre from the point of view of its semantic structure, based on samples of the genre identified in Russian and Polish poetry of 19th–20th centuries. Comparative analysis of texts facilitated an emergence and description of stable semantic structure, which is a unique one amongst other genres. This confirms status of invective as an independent literature genre and contributes to the building of a model of a genre process.

10

On the Development of the English Culinary Recipe

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Bator M., Bator M.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2016

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vol. 5

7-15

EN

The earliest culinary recipes found in England were written in Anglo-Norman and they date back to the end of the 13th century (cf. Hieatt & Jones 1986). e rst English instructions were mostly translated from these. It is the 14th and 15th centuries when the text type was thriving. Scully (1995: 5) calls the period “a hey-day for medieval cookery,” due to the greater availability of the culinary texts comparing to the earlier times. us, a discussion of the evolution of the English recipe should start from the 14th century. e majority of the available studies deal with the particular features of the culinary instruction, as for instance Culy (1996) who discusses the use of null objects. e main focus of the present paper is to provide a brief comparison of some selected features of the culinary recipes at different stages of their development. e discussion will proceed from the earliest available English culinary material, i.e., the medieval recipe, through the early Modern English texts to the contemporary cooking instructions. e issues which will be taken into consideration are: (i) the general structure of the recipe, especially the components found in the earliest texts, i.e., the heading and the procedure; (ii) the function of the recipe in the particular periods; and (iii) the intended audience for whom the recipes were written down.

11

Untersuchungen zum Begriff und zur Struktur des verbalen Vergangenheits-Komplexes im Deutschen unter weiterer Berücksichtigung des Polnischen, Russischen und Lateinischen

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Dusza S.

Annales Neophilologiarum

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2010

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issue 4

101-124

EN

The following report tries to explore the invisible structure of the German Past Tense. Many problems with the unambiguous description of the conjugation of Past Tense forms are the base for an examination of their dual nature: are the injected intruders by the conjugation of regular verbs a part of the endings or a part of verbal stem? The answer, they are solely one of the time indicators with their strong, auxiliary position to the passive verb stem, is not possible without many didactical researching and works.

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie hipotezy strukturalnej budowy niemieckiego czasu przeszłego prostego z perspektywy jego europejskiej biografi i. Niewyjaśnione do końca problemy z opisem kondycji oraz zadań tzw. końcówek i intruzji bądź ich spłycanie lub przemilczanie, co obserwuje się w licznych gramatykach i poradnikach, stały się podstawą do postawienia i próby udokumentowania rekonstruktywnej hipotezy, że i w tym przypadku, w tym czasie można stwierdzić istnienie reliktów zauważalnej struktury złożonej z nieodmiennej (stałej) części (rdzenia czasownika) i swoistego czasownika posiłkowego (sygnał dzielący końcówki i rdzeń, jak w języku niemieckim, ściągający je zupełnie, jak w języku rosyjskim, bądź niecałkowicie, jak w języku polskim).

12

Składnia derywatów w tekście: kompozycja i dekompozycja struktur złożonych oryginału w kontekście doboru odpowiedników w przekładzie (na materiale rosyjskich i polskich tekstów prasowych)

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Pstyga A.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2013

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vol. 13

EN

The syntax of compound words in texts: Composition and decomposition of compound words in view of the selection of their equivalents in the translation of Russian press articles into PolishThe starting point for the analysis is the broad interpretation of syntax proposed by Stanisław Karolak. We should take into consideration his findings, concerning combinatory rules and complicated relationships in compound words. The decomposition of these words – even violating the rules of concept co-occurrence – allows us to uncover their proper semantic interpretation. Karolak claims that in Slavic languages, the rules of word formation enable simple expressions to function in utterances which are more complicated than simple sentences.The aim of this paper is to present the functioning of compound words in Russian press articles from the translation perspective. One of the most interesting examples is the Russian compound word евронадежды (with its Polish equivalent europazerni), used in a text about problems with accommodation during the 2012 UEFA European Football Championship in Ukraine.

13

Hrvatski nacionalni identitet i Europska unija

100%

Sršen A., Piskač D.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2012

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vol. 12

EN

Croatian national identity and the European Union The permanent anthropological determinant of men which provides them with a feeling of social security is the feeling of belonging to a larger group of people. Various forms of such affiliations existed in the past. They represent older types of collective relationships, such as tribes, the Greek poleis, medieval kingdoms and the like. All of them exhibit the fundamental features of the “structure” of identity. Nowadays, Croatia being at the doorstep of the European Union, the issue of national identity becomes a matter of its internal structure that resists integration, yet seeking to become a part of the “European identity structure”. Croatia’s scepticism towards the EU stems from the questions of whether the European identity exists and which possibilities for preserving all the structural elements of Croatian national identity, including language as the main aspect, exist within the European Union. The territory, language and customs acquire defensive features that are becoming increasingly disintegrating and decreasingly integrating in the multi-ethnic Europe. Chorwacka tożsamość narodowa i Unia Europejska Trwałą determinantą antropologiczną człowieka, dającą mu poczucie bezpieczeństwa społecznego, jest świadomość przynależności do większej grupy. Niegdyś istniały różne formy takiej przynależności, a mianowicie starsze typy związków społecznych, jak plemiona, greckie polis, średniowieczne królestwa itd. Współcześnie te formy przynależności zbiorowej są związane ze strukturą narodową, z państwem-narodem lub też ze strukturą ponadnarodową, jaką jest Unia Europejska. W każdej z nich można znaleźć podstawowe cechy strukturalne w postaci tożsamości narodowej lub ponadnarodowej. Obecnie, kiedy Chorwacja oczekuje na przyjęcie do Unii Europejskiej, kwestia tożsamości narodowej staje się sprawą jej wewnętrznej struktury, która stawia opór integracji, ale jednocześnie chce być częścią ponadnarodowej „tożsamości europejskiej”. Sceptycyzm Chorwacji wobec UE wynika ze stawianych pytań: czy istnieje tożsamość europejska i jakie są możliwości zachowania wszystkich elementów chorwackiej konstrukcji tożsamości narodowej z językiem jako jej głównym komponentem w obrębie Unii Europejskiej? Terytorium, język i zwyczaje zyskują bowiem cechy defensywne, stając się w wieloetnicznej Europie czynnikiem coraz bardziej dezintegrującym, a nie służącym integracji.

14

Podstawowe założenia strukturalizmu w filozofii matematyki

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Wójtowicz K.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2009

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issue 44

40-60

PL

The notion of a structure is one of fundamental notions in mathematics: we speak of geometrical, topological, probabilistic, differential etc. structures. This notion is also important in the philosophical discussion concerning ontology for mathematics. In the last decades, the stance of mathematical structuralism attracts more and more attention. In this article the author discusses the motivations which lie behind mathematical structuralism and briefly present Shapiro's 'ante rem' structuralism.

15

«Люблю Россию я». Жанровая традиция изображения России в лирическом жанре инвективы

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Краковяк А.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica

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2012

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issue 5

21-29

EN

The author considers a group of Russian poetic texts aimed at the political foes of Russia as a state. The author argues that these texts are samples of lyrical genre of invective, which is proved by their semantic structure and the objective of the text as a kind of poetic expression. The structure of the genre and its tradition imply a specific image of Russia, which forms in all of the texts analysed, regardless of the literary epoch and political beliefs of the poets.

16

Organization of police activities

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Kochańczyk R.

Internal Security

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2019

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vol. Special Issue

123-131

EN

Police tasks have not changed for years and mainly consist in ensuring order and security for citizens. However, the police function as an organization in a certain legal order, it is subject to certain rules that determine its effective operation. Since 1989, that is from the political and social transformation in the functioning of the Polish Police has started in our country, two periods could be distinguished in which it was forced to make organizational changes. The first such moment came with the political transformation when Poland was entering the path of the democratic system. It was not an easy period because the mere change in legislation was not enough. It is worth mentioning that young Polish democracy was struggling with many negative factors, mainly inherited from the previous political system, e.g. the state of the economy, and inflation. From the perspective of the police 30 years of operation, based on statistical data, it can be concluded that the period directly related to political transformation was conducive to negative social phenomena such as crime, social pathologies or the lack of appropriate legal regulations in the new economic conditions. In 1990, the Polish Police leadership faced a lot of work to be done to ensure that the newly formed formation was not identified with the previous system as well as the role it played in the communist system. The second such event forcing a change in the organization of the police activities was January 1, 1999, when the administrative reform of the country entered into force. A difficult task was set up before the formation. After less than 9 years of functioning in the new reality, the then management was faced with adapting the organization to the situation related to, among other things, the new administrative division, transfer of many tasks and competences previously reserved for the central level to the level of local governments, or intensification of efforts to build civic self-governance at all levels of government. The following article presents issues related to police tasks, powers of the Police Commander-in-Chief, and police structures operating in the period in question

17

Przyczynek do dyskusji na temat kompozycji Dziejów Apostolskich

100%

Rakocy W.

The Biblical Annals

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1995

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vol. 42

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issue 1

103-110

PL

In keeping with many opinions on the construction of the Acts of the Apostles the present paper seeks to put forward a new approach to these problems. Geographical information in Acts 1:8 plays here an important role, but is not understood too literary. Two big units may be distinguished in the Book, into which it is divided in the summary in 8:1b-3. The first is situated in Jerusalem and deals with Judaism, with which the majority of authors agree. Narration related with the departure of the Gospel beyond Jerusalem is more difficult. Three units are distinguished here: 8:4-11, 18; 11:19-20,38; 21:1-28:31. The first plays the preparatory role toward the proper narration relating the preaching of the Gospel all over the world. The themes which have been foretold in it are developed in section 11:19-20:38, which speaks solely about Christ’s preaching to Jews and Greeks (the Gentiles) alike. The third section, 21:1-28:31, presents Apostle Paul as a witness in chains because of Israel’s hope, which he preaches. In favor of such a construction of the Book of the Acts are numerous literary and thematic hints, which make us distinguish the said sections in it.

18

The /r/ which dies hard – a diachronic look at the developments of the rhotic sound in selected Celtic, Germanic and Romance languages

100%

Jaskuła K.

Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature

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2018

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vol. 42

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issue 1

DE

Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.

EN

Phonetically, the archetypal rhotic /r/ is a coronal speech sound that is often half-way between consonants and vowels, usually acting in words as a consonant syllable-wise. Its positional and structural functions in selected languages are described here from a diachronic perspective.

FR

Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.

RU

Том не содержит аннотаций на английском языке.

19

Struktura Księgi Koheleta. Próba rozwiązania (II)

100%

Filipiak M.

The Biblical Annals

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1975

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vol. 22

|

issue 1

5-14

PL

In dem Buch von Kohelet sind die Äußerungen auf verschiedene Themen der Hauptidee, die sie aus allerlei Gesichtspunkten beleuchten, untergeordnet. Diese Hauptidee (Hauptgedanke) ist ein Zusammenhang zwischen Glück und Weisheit Kohelet analysiert das Glück aus dem Gesichtspunkt der Weisheit, das ein Lebensziel des Menschen bedeutet. Der Verfasser stellt zuerst seine persönliche Erfahrung im Glückbereich (2, 1-26) dar, dann analysiert er das Glück der anderen Leute (3, 1 - 9, 10), endlich ermuntert er zur Realisierung des Sinnes der menschlichen Existenz, der im Traktat der vorigen Reflexionen (9, 11 - 12, 7) entdeckt worden ist.

20

Направления совершенствования государственного регулирования рьінка финансовьіх услуг в Украине

100%

Рьібчак Е. С.

Zeszyty Naukowe PWSZ w Płocku. Nauki Ekonomiczne

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2015

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vol. 1(21)

203-208

EN

The article describes the features of the functioning of the financial services market in Ukraine. Investigate the structure of the financial services market. The directions of improving state regulation of the financial services market in Ukraine. In the article analyzes the financial market tools.

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