In this article I discuss the roots of libertarian thought. First I draw a little-known late-scholastic philosophy of the Renaissance period. Then, the theoretical basis for the libertarian direction created: Anglo-Saxon philosophers the Age of Enlightenment and French anti-statists nineteenth century. A fundamental contribution to the popularization this philosophy played in turn: Austrian economics, which created such outstanding figures as Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises and Chicago school of economics under the direction of Milton Friedman.
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