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Swój i obcy w świetle teorii opanowania trwogi (TMT)

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Czykwin E.

Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

2017

vol. Cerkiew a asymilacja- swój i obcy

issue 8

9-16

Terror Menagement Theory was published by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, Tom Pyszczynski and others in 1997. Since that time a lot of followers have been continuing their work and checking the assumptions of this theory. In the center of it, there is an assumption that the awareness of death organizes our existential experience in every-day life. This consciousness is painful as the human being has created mechanisms buffering this pain. There are parents for children and one’s own culture for adults. The role of one’s one culture is fundamental for the forming of self-esteem and positive adaptation to social environment and the reduction of the pain related to the death consciousness. One’s own culture gives the mental image, which means to be the „good person”, teaches scenarios and recopies how to act and to cope with the fact of the finitude of a person. One’s own culture gives the standards to create a self image, as a consequence the level of self- esteem, effectiveness, the control of the environment, vitality of the person and, as a result, perseverance in aiming to the tasks makes the person less insensitive to pain and stress. All these symptoms of good adaptation are enhanced by other members of one’s own group. Sharing the same concepts of social reality, especially stereotypes and prejudices, makes one’s social adaptation satisfactory and minimizes the fear of death. In the context of TMT, the reaction of Polish society to Smolensk’s catastrophe (10.IV. 2010) can be analyzed. We see in many investigations that the attitude to one’s own and to strangers is differentiated depending on the impact of mortality and it changes as time passes. Now, as for the fragmentation of the culture, each of us has a problem with consistency of one’s own personality. Sociologists (e.g. Z. Bauman) talked about fragmented identity; inconsistency of personality makes belonging to one’s own culture more and more important. There are four important issues in the reduction of the death fear effect: 1. Religion; 2. High self-esteem; 3. Democratic personality; 4. Close relations with people (see: Stockholm syndrome). TMT is a challenge in the context of the divide between one’s own and stranger and it is much more difficult to reduce than we have considered earlier.

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1 Latopisy Akademii Supraskiej

1 Czykwin E.

1 2017

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Swój i obcy w świetle teorii opanowania trwogi (TMT)