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EN
Aim. The aim of the article is to analyse the ways African American children’s characters are constructed in selected picture-books and to determine whether they have any impact on the conduct of contemporary black youth facing discrimination in their own lives. It also argues that picture-books are one of the most influential media in the representation of racial problems.Methods. The subjects of the study are picture-books. The analysis pertains to the visual and the verbal narrative of the books, with a special emphasis being placed on the interplay between text and image as well as on the ways the meaning of the books is created. The texts are analysed using a number of existing research methods used for examining the picture-book format. Results. The article shows that the actions of selected children’s characters, whether real or imaginary, may serve as an incentive for contemporary youth to struggle for equal rights and contribute to the process of racial integration on a daily basis.Conclusions. The results can be considered in the process of establishing educational curricula for students from minority groups who need special literature that would empower them to take action and join in the efforts of adult members of their communities.
EN
Aim. School segregation is a common theme of children’s books on minority groups living in the United States. Although it is primarily associated with black-white racial divisions, currently it also concerns white-Latino or rich-poor disparities. The aim of this paper is to analyse children’s picture books featuring Latino and African American characters who participate in the struggle against school segregation. The authors of the books, being members of racial minorities themselves, offer differing perspectives on the problem. Although they criticise school segregation, they also focus on the white perspective and the reasons why integrating schools has always been hard to achieve. Methods. The study analyses the visual and verbal narratives of selected picture books using a variety of methods for examining this literary format. Among others, it applies the theory of picture book analysis by Martin Painter, William Moebius, Maria Nikolajeva and Carole Scott. Results. The article shows that despite the existing scholarship on race-related problems in American schools, children’s literature seems to be the medium which tries to explain the problem to youngsters being directly involved in the system of segregation. Conclusions. The results can be useful to educators who cope with the issue of racial diversity in American schools. They may consider using selected titles of children’s literature as teaching aids assisting students from minority groups in the process of self-development and empowerment.
PL
Nie ulega wątpliwości, że współczesne podręczniki poświęcone różnym tematom i dziedzinom różnią się od swoich poprzedników pod wieloma względami. W swoim opracowaniu Alessandra Zurolo analizuje niemieckie teksty dydaktyczne z zakresu medycyny pochodzące z różnych epok i omawia ich charakterystyczne cechy na różnych poziomach, aby y jednej strony wskazać pewne wzorce w ich kompozycji, a z drugiej strony prześledzić ich historyczny rozwój.
EN
There is no doubt that modern textbooks on various subjects differ from their predecessors in many ways. In her study, Alessandra Zurolo analyzes German medical didactic texts from different periods and discusses their characteristic features on different levels to point out certain patterns of their design on the one hand and to track their historical development on the other hand.
DE
Außer Zweifel steht, dass sich die modernen Lehrbücher zu verschiedenen Fächern von deren Vorläufern in vielerlei Hinsicht unterscheiden. Alessandra Zurolo nimmt in ihrer Untersuchung deutsche medizinische Lehrtexte aus verschiedenen Zeitstufen unter die Lupe und stellt ihre charakteristischen Merkmale auf verschiedenen Ebenen dar, um einerseits auf bestimmte Muster deren Gestaltung hinzuweisen und andererseits ihre geschichtliche Entwicklung zu verfolgen.
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