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Obraz męki Chrystusa w XIX-wiecznych ulotnych drukach jarmarczno-odpustowych

100%

Ratajczak T.

Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne

2011

vol. 95

305-315

A few types of Passion prints were distributed at the markets and church fairs in Poland. Leaflets with narrative religious songs were among them and they are the ones which come under scrutiny in this text. The analysis of such prints with Passion songs, which were found in a few libraries, allows to state that the aim of these works was to remind Passion scenes which arose strong religious emotions. In these simple works, addressed to the commons, a strong emphasis was put on the humanity of characters as well as the human aspect of their experiences. (the key role in the description of the Passion was played by Mary, who shared sufferings of her Son). At the same time typical medieval means of representations were used in this form of work such as drastic scenes and moralizing tone, things which affected the uncomplicated mentality of the receivers and became embedded in the collective memory. Finally, these leaflets were characterized by the repetition of a general tendency of the medieval piety: subjectivism, realism and dolorism.

So What? Some Experiences of Secularism in the Netherlands and My Own Way to Handle It as a Local Pastor

59%

Gosker M.

Roczniki Teologiczne

2019

vol. 66

issue 7: Teologia ekumeniczna

33-50

Artykuł składa się z trzech części. We wprowadzeniu Autorka stwierdza, że istnieje wiele teorii i idei sekularyzmu, podaje również krótkie objaśnienia tego fenomenu zarówno pozytywne, jak i negatywne. Sekularyzm w Polsce jest odmienny od sekularyzmu w Holandii, która jest jednym z najbardziej zsekularyzowanych krajów Zachodniej Europy. W drugiej części Autorka ukazuje jak — jako lokalny pastor — doświadczała sekularyzmu w ostatnich pięciu dekadach: indyferentyzm, spadek zaangażowania i wiedzy biblijnej, spadek liczby ordynowanych, utrata poczucia życia sakramentalnego w Kościele, zamykanie Kościołów, zamykanie fakultetów teologicznych itd. Z drugiej strony pozytywna strona sekularyzmu objawiła się nie tylko w większej autentyczności i elastyczności w Kościele, ale również w zniesieniu niewolnictwa, większej wolności dla kobiet i dzieci oraz dla mniejszości. W trzeciej części Autorka pokazuje, jak staramy się odpowiedzieć na nowe wyzwania. W zakończeniu stawia kilka otwartych pytań, na które odpowiedzi są bardzo ważne dla całego ruchu ekumenicznego.

The article consists of three parts. In the introduction, it is stated that there are a lot of different ideas and theories about secularism, and some short highlights are given, positively as well as negatively. In Poland, secularism is different from secularism in the Netherlands, one of the most secularized countries in Western Europe. In the second part, the author shows how, as a local pastor, she experienced secularism during the last five decades: indifference, loss of commitment and biblical knowledge, also concerns about office bearers, closing of churches, the loss of feeling for the sacramental life of the church, closing of several theological faculties, etc. On the other hand, the positive side of secularism is not only about more authenticity and elasticity in the Church (less obligatory duties), but also the abolition of slavery, more freedom for women and children and more freedom for minorities. In the third part, the author shows how we take up new challenges, including new forms of episkopè, pioneer places and the music event of the Passion. She closes with some open questions waiting for answers. The answers are very important for the ecumenical movement as a whole.

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1 Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne

1 Roczniki Teologiczne

1 Gosker M.

1 Ratajczak T.

1 2019

1 2011

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Obraz męki Chrystusa w XIX-wiecznych ulotnych drukach jarmarczno-odpustowych

So What? Some Experiences of Secularism in the Netherlands and My Own Way to Handle It as a Local Pastor