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1

The Concept of Russian Federation Foreign and Security Policy by Eugene Primakov

100%

Delong M.

Internal Security

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2020

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vol. 12(1)

307-318

EN

The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of Russian foreign and security policy by Eugene Primakov, one of the most eminent Russian politicians of the twentieth century. The article applies research methods and techniques appropriate to science about politics. These include a comparative analysis and a method of historical analysis that enabled the presentation of political events and factors shaping the foreign and security policy of the Russian Federation. In 1996, President Boris Yeltsin appointed Primakov to the post of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. The goals and assumptions of foreign and security policy have undergone a thorough redefinition, related to the tendencies noticeable in Russia in 1993–1995. Before, foreign policy had been dominated by neoliberal and Euro-Atlantic options, whose representative was predominantly Primakov’s predecessor as the minister of foreign affairs, Andrei Kozyrev. After the fall of Sergei Kirijenka’s government, Primakov assumed the office of Prime Minister on September 11, 1998 and held it until May 12, 1999. It was a cabinet of political compromise, which was supposed to facilitate agreement with the opposition and the continuation of reforms, although not on the same principles as before. Primakov criticized his predecessors for the wrong political line, the lack of effectiveness of the stabilization policy, which resulted in a fall in production. He stressed that his government did not give up market reform, but called for the state’s participation to be increased. Yevgeny Primakov claimed that Russia should strive to formulate a multipolar system of international relations that truly reflects the multifaceted nature of the present world with the diversity of its interests. Primakov exerted a huge influence on the Russian foreign and security policy of Putin’s day. His political line was carried out by his successors, and above all Igor Ivanov and Sergey Lavrov. The main directions and assumptions of his concepts are still repeated in official documents articulating the Russian doctrine of security and defense, and nothing indicates that this state of affairs has changed, and this in turn carries the threat of destabilization in Central and Eastern Europe.

2

South Caucasus in the Foregin Policy of the Russian Federation. Do Doctrinal Assumptions Translate into Reality?

75%

Kardaś J.

Przegląd Strategiczny

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2016

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issue 9

105-115

EN

Russian policy in South Caucasus is not a fully effective policy, as Russia’s actions towards Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia are dominated by bilateral relations rather than a single, coherent strategy towards the region. The policy towards these countries also bears the hallmarks of an imperial policy, since it boils down to rewards (in the political, economic or military sphere) for cooperation, or punishments for any action against Russian interests. In addition to enhancing bilateral relations, Russia makes efforts (in accordance with documents issued by official bodies) to integrate the CIS area, of course including the Trans-Caucasus, under its leadership. But it comes up short in these efforts, because not all the Caucasus countries are interested in Russian-led economic integration (within the Eurasian Economic Union), or political and military integration (within CIS, CSTO).

3

Parlament Białorusi – kompetencje w obszarze polityki zagranicznej

63%

Staśkiewicz Ł.

Przegląd Europejski

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2019

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issue 2(52)

141-155

PL

Zgromadzenie Narodowe Republiki Białoruś jako organ władzy ustawodawczej pełni głównie rolę prawodawczą. Jednak obie izby parlamentu uczestniczą również w procesie realizacji polityki zagranicznej. Czynią to poprzez działalność w ramach współpracy wielostronnej lub dwustronnej. Rozpatrują też kwestie legislacyjne związane z umowami międzynarodowymi lub zatwierdzaniem kierunków polityki zagranicznej. Przedstawienie powyższego zagadnienia wymagało analizy konstytucyjnego statusu białoruskiego parlamentu w kontekście stosunków międzynarodowych, a także aktów normatywnych, które regulują polityczne i prawne aspekty działalności w omawianym zakresie. W pracy wykorzystano głównie analizę instytucjonalno-prawną oraz metodę porównawczą. Przeanalizowanie podstaw prawnych działalności białoruskiego parlamentu w ramach polityki zagranicznej pozwoliło na pokazanie aspektów związanych z organizacją tych działań oraz scharakteryzowanie kompetencji, a także ocenienie roli, jaką parlament pełni w tym obszarze. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań pokazały, że pozycja Zgromadzenia Narodowego w polityce zagranicznej, pomimo przysługujących kompetencji, jest niewielka lub nie w pełni wykorzystywana.

EN

The National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus as legislative authority representation mainly plays a legislative role. However, both Chambers of the Belarusian Parliament are also involved in the process of implementing the country foreign policy. They perform it through the activities within the framework of multilateral cooperation or bilateral cooperation. They consider legislative issues related to international agreements or the approval of foreign policy orientations. The presentation of the above issue required an analysis of the Belarusian Parliament constitutional status in the context of international relations, as well as normative acts that regulate the political and legal aspects of activities in the discussed area. Therefore, an institutional and legal analysis, as well as a comparative method were mainly used. The analysis of legal bases of the Belarusian Parliament activities within the framework of foreign policy allowed to present the aspects related to the organisation of these activities, as well as to characterise competence, and to assess the Parliament role within this area. The results of the carried-out studies showed that the position of the National Assembly in foreign policy, despite its entitled competence, is small or not fully exploited.

4

Parlament Białorusi – kompetencje w obszarze polityki zagranicznej

63%

Staśkiewicz Ł.

Przegląd Europejski

|

2019

|

vol. 2019(2)

141-155

PL

The National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus as legislative authority representation mainly plays a legislative role. However, both Chambers of the Belarusian Parliament are also involved in the process of implementing the country foreign policy. They perform it through the activities within the framework of multilateral cooperation or bilateral cooperation. They consider legislative issues related to international agreements or the approval of foreign policy orientations. The presentation of the above issue required an analysis of the Belarusian Parliament constitutional status in the context of international relations, as well as normative acts that regulate the political and legal aspects of activities in the discussed area. Therefore, an institutional and legal analysis, as well as a comparative method were mainly used. The analysis of legal bases of the Belarusian Parliament activities within the framework of foreign policy allowed to present the aspects related to the organisation of these activities, as well as to characterise competence, and to assess the Parliament role within this area. The results of the carried-out studies showed that the position of the National Assembly in foreign policy, despite its entitled competence, is small or not fully exploited.

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2 Przegląd Europejski

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2 Staśkiewicz Ł.

1 Delong M.

1 Kardaś J.

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1 2016

The Concept of Russian Federation Foreign and Security Policy by Eugene Primakov

South Caucasus in the Foregin Policy of the Russian Federation. Do Doctrinal Assumptions Translate into Reality?

Parlament Białorusi – kompetencje w obszarze polityki zagranicznej

Parlament Białorusi – kompetencje w obszarze polityki zagranicznej