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Pamiętnik Literacki
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2021
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vol. 112
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issue 4
147-163
PL
Artykuł analizuje związki myśli teatralnej Leona Schillera z Młodą Polską. Ten najwybitniejszy polski inscenizator pierwszej połowy XX wieku kształtował swój światopogląd estetyczny w klimacie intelektualnym Wielkiej Reformy Teatru (m.in. pod wpływem Edwarda Gordona Craiga), a jego projekt metateatralny wyrastał na gruncie młodopolskiej filozofii, teorii i estetyki teatru. Ideą przewodnią Schillera była wizja nowego, autonomicznego teatru, zrywająca z estetyką sceny iluzyjnej XIX-wiecznego teatru mieszczańskiego, a także naturalizmu. Artystą szczególnie przez Schillera wielbionym był Stanisław Wyspiański, w którego praktyce twórczej dostrzegał on formę teatru monumentalnego. Zarys koncepcji tego teatru przedstawił Schiller w tekstach opublikowanych już w schyłkowej fazie Młodej Polski. Po okresie fascynacji lewicową formułą teatru zaangażowanego artysta wracał w czasie okupacji do doświadczeń metafizycznych, które przejawiały się w koncepcji teatru jako sacrum.
EN
The paper analyses the connections between Leon Schiller’s theatrical thought and Young Poland. The most eminent stage manager of the first half of the 20th c. shaped his aesthetic worldview in the intellectual ambience of the Great Theatre Reform (influenced by, e.g., Edward Gordon Craig), while his metatheatre project grew on the grounds of Young Poland’s philosophy, theory and aesthetics of theatre. Schiller’s leading idea was a vision of a new, autonomous theatre that breaks with the aesthetics of the 19th c. middle-class illusory stage theatre and also with naturalism. The artist that Schiller lavishly praised was Stanisław Wyspiański, in the practice of whose he discerned a form of monumental theatre. An outline concept of the theatre was presented by Schiller in papers published toward the decline of Young Poland. After a period of fascination with the leftist formula of committed theatre, the artist returned in the times of war to the metaphysical experiences that manifested in the concept of theatre perceived as sacrum.
Tematy i Konteksty
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2019
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vol. 14
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issue 9
707-743
EN
The paper is based on the assumption that the contemporary educational system, including  its general approach to literature, is characterized by being totally old-fashioned, and its results are completely opposite to what the authors of the relevant programmes hoped  to achieve, and this is the reason why it desperately  needs re-evaluating and revising. The text documents various motivations of interpreting William Shakespeare’s romantic comedy, The Tempest, as an example of a valuable and meaningful work of fiction.  Thus ‘t is a good starting point for a constructive reflection on how to create conditions suitable for studying literature-based texts in the classroom as well as on teachers’ training which would respect both the up-to-date cultural context and the value of humanistic education, paramount for the development of human identity, and which is nowadays  widely contested by the present interim economic and technical priorities.
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