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Formy rezistence vůči mobbingu a jejich účinnost v prostředí českých univerzit: tematická analýza

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Kusák M.
Psychologie a její kontexty
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2012
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vol. 3
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issue 2
25-37
EN
The paper presents results of a pilot study aimed to exploration of the forms of resistance to mobbing (bullying at the workplace) and their effectiveness. The aim of the study is to find out what strategies bullied people use in the fight against mobbing. Furthermore, how effective are the strategies used to address mobbing situation. The text outlines the theoretical basis and the results of a study which showed eight strategies of resistance. These are performances against mobbing person, avoiding direct confrontation with mobbing person, finding social support, exodus, change of work pace, distance from mobbing person, accepting negative labels and resistance through leisure activities. This study could not clearly answer the question of what strategy leads to a successful resolution of mobbing. Two strategies that were found help mitigate the impacts of existing bullying in the workplace.
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Beyond Numbers: Unveiling the Transition Experiences and Voices of Filipino Education Programme Supervisors

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Salva R. A., Cadavedo L. O., Cadavedo S. V. O., Patinga K. T., Cabatay C. L. L.
The New Educational Review
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2024
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vol. 75
102-112
EN
This qualitative exploration is a follow-up study to the quantitative research published in a peer-reviewed international journal in 2023. Generally, the study delved into the transition experiences and preferences of 20 Filipino education supervisors in relation to their supervisory practices in over 80 Philippine public schools. Through validated open-ended interview questions, the responses were gathered and subsequently subjected to thematic analysis, which resulted in the emergence of the following themes: (1) the adjustments and challenges of the supervisors as they switched back from technology-assisted to in-person supervision; and (2) their preferred mode of supervision in the new normal of education.
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Trends in Foreign Language Didactics Research: a Thematic Analysis of PhD Dissertations from the Czech Republic and Abroad (2006–2012)

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Tůma F., Píšová M.
The New Educational Review
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2013
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vol. 34
125-137
EN
The aim of this study is to present the results of analyses of PhD dissertations defended abroad and in the Czech Republic in the years 2006–2012 in the field of foreign language didactics. Building on a body of previous work, methodological background for a meta-analysis of the topics of PhD dissertations defended in selected countries abroad as well as for an analysis of PhD dissertations defended in the Czech Republic is presented. The results are then discussed and compared. We conclude that the range of topics addressed in the Czech dissertations does not significantly differ from the state of art abroad, although some areas, such as language learners, seem to be under-researched in the Czech Republic.
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Eesti opilaste haavatavuse aspekte 6. klassi opilaste fookusgruppide pohjal

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Tins A.
Mäetagused
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2019
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vol. 74
125-150
EN
In this paper the author examines the self-reported aspects of vulnerability of children in Estonia. The study is based on the data of four focus groups with 12-year-old children, conducted in Estonian schools in 2018–2019. The author gives an overview of the most important findings and compares those to a broader framework and understanding of vulnerability in childhood research. For example, the article describes the importance of secure relations between a child and the family or a child and other close persons. The article exemplifies that material resources are important to children but not more important than a secure home, good relations, and free-time activities. According to the opinions of the respondents, too many duties, poor online security, global environmental problems, international conflicts, hierarchical relations with teachers and negative messages of the mass media are the most worrying aspects.
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Diskurzivní konstrukce vztahu Velké Británie a Evropské unie v oficiálních projevech Davida Camerona v letech 2010–2016

88%
Brusenbauch Meislová M.
Politologická revue (Czech Political Science Review)
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2017
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issue 1
101-132
EN
The article identifies, classifies and examines prevailing discourse complexes used by the British Prime Minister David Cameron in his speeches from 2010 to 2016 in order to construct the UK-EU bilateral relationship. Based on the thematic analysis of Cameron’s publicly available speeches, the presence of three distinctive discourses regarding UK-EU relations was identified in his addresses, which the author calls: 1) the integration discourse; 2) the differentiation discourse; and 3) the reform discourse. Within each of these discourses, the author analyses and interprets their keywords, topics, and content and examines whether or not they are compatible with each other.
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Online discourse of vaccine hesitancy: discussions of COVID-19 vaccination in Russian-language social media

88%
Dudina V., Saifulina V.
Language, Discourse & Society
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2024
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vol. 12
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issue 1 (23)
37-52
EN
Doubts about vaccination in spite of the availability of vaccines are called “vaccine hesitancy”. In the digital age vaccine hesitancy is significantly influenced by information from the Internet, online communication and discussions on social media. The research of the language of such discussion is very important for understanding attitudes of people towards vaccination. The vaccine hesitancy discourse varies from country to country due to its social context, but also has many similarities. The aim of the research was to describe the thematic structure of the online discourse of vaccine hesitancy in social media. We analyzed Russian language social media discussions around COVID-19 vaccination. Comments were selected from four most active discussion groups. Thematic analysis was implemented for data organization and interpretation. Main themes identified are as follows: doubts about the safety of vaccination; doubts about the effectiveness of vaccination; doubts about the need for vaccination; doubts about the fairness of vaccination. The study of discourses of vaccine hesitancy in different languages makes a significant contribution to understanding the general patterns of functioning of discourse in the field of health, in particular, discourse about vaccination. The research was supported by RSF (project No 22-18-00261).
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Temat niepłynności mówienia w pisemnych narracjach autobiograficznych osób jąkających się

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Karsznia-Sobczak A.
Poradnik Językowy
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2023
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vol. 804
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issue 5
21-34
EN
This article regards written autobiographical narratives of people who stutter. The collected material was analysed using both the quantitative and the qualitative method. The aim of the research was to determine whether the issue of stuttering is touched upon in autobiographical narratives of people who stutter. If so, what portion of the narrative is dedicated to the theme of non-fluency of speech. The conducted analyses permitted the verification of the hypotheses posed. It was concluded that the ones including the theme of stuttering were predominant among the narratives collected. Stuttering is present both as a separate thread and as part of other thematic threads. Threads where the issue of non-fluency of speech was taken up most frequently can be distinguished in the analysed narratives.
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Reading and Mapping the Worldviews of Island States through National Anthems: Celebrating Deity, Identity, Landscapes and Unity

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Brunn S. D.
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
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2022
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vol. 26
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issue 3
EN
National anthems, along with the national flag, stamps and monuments, are important features of a state's identity. The lyrics and music instill patriotism and nationalism on holidays, at sporting events, and in children at school. This study examines the lyrics of 42 Caribbean, Pacific, African, Asian and European island state anthems to identify patterns and themes. While word frequencies difer between the regions, dominant themes reflect unity, hope, a spiritual/divine heritage, home and homeland, and pleasant environmental settings. Themes reflecting times of strife, struggles and conflict are also evident.
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Personal Growth through Critical Incidents in Sports: Exploring alternatives in HE Language Learning

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Sieglová D.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
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2023
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vol. 14
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issue 2
30-47
EN
Social encounters provide opportunities to learn social norms, adopt proper behaviors, and build knowledge and skills. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) play a key role in socialization for the young within and beyond them. Students interact with their classmates and teachers in school, meet new colleagues at work, build and strengthen friendships in their free time, which enriches their chances for personal growth. Sport is one such pursuit that facilitates interaction. This text explores sport’s potential to develop HEI students’ foreign language and professional skills contributing to their personal growth. This study is part of a project conducted at a private university specializing in economic, management and business administration between 2016 and 2022 with Master’s degree students studying Business English. The Critical Incident Technique (CIT) was used to collect data in the form of written narratives analyzing varied memorable moments from the students’ interactions in English experienced during the course of their lives locally or abroad. 238 student analyses of CIs from diverse social situations and settings were collected and examined using a thematic analysis. Corresponding categories of the most significant agents of socialization creating valuable foreign language learning opportunities were identified. Of these, 6 % covered CIs from the context of sports. The data show that engaging in sporting activities not only contributes to students’ personal growth but also helps them build a professional skill set, including foreign language skills, crucial for succeeding in their academic and professional paths. Relevant recommendations for integrating sports in the HEIs programs, teaching, international cooperation and variety of extracurricular activities are provided.
CS
Člověk se učí společenským normám, kultivuje své chování a získává klíčové znalosti i dovednosti prostřednictvím socializace. Prostředí terciálního vzdělávání a na něj navázané společenské sítě hrají v procesu socializace klíčovou roli. Studenti interagují se svými spolužáky a učiteli při studiu, spolupracují s kolegy na pracovišti, budují a posilují přátelství ve svém volném čase, což vytváří příležitosti pro jejich osobní růst. Data představená v tomto textu naznačují, že jednou z významných socializačních příležitostí u mladých studujících jsou také sportovní aktivity. Studie zkoumá potenciál sportování při rozvoji jazykových, komunikačních i měkkých dovedností u studentů vysokých škol. Pro účely tematické analýzy jsou využita svědectví studentů sdílená ve formě písemných narativů zaměřených na tzv. kritické události, které se v průběhu jejich životů odehrály při sportovních aktivitách v kontextu užívání cizích jazyků. Data ukazují, že zapojení do extrakurikulárních sportovních aktivit přispívá nejen k osobnímu růstu studentů, ale významně rozvíjí i široký soubor profesních dovedností, včetně jazykových a interkulturních kompetencí, klíčových pro úspěch v jejich akademické a následně profesní dráze. V závěru textu jsou popsána doporučení pro integraci sportovních aktivit jako nedílné součásti programů terciálního vzdělávání, včetně iniciativ mezinárodní spolupráce a internacionalizace.
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Između zvanične istine i ličnog sećanja: Usmene istorije civila i vojnika o post- -jugoslovenskim ratovima 1991–1995

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Petrović N., Lazić A.
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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2019
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issue 16
227-241
EN
In times of violent conflicts, societies tend to promote narratives that enable successful coping with the situation. Official collective memory can thus provide foundation for a group’s belonging, mobilization, persistence. On the other hand, it often perpetuates the animosity by, for example, delegitimizing (and often dehumanizing) the other side. In this article, we explore whether unofficial personal memories of a violent conflict could mitigate the damage in intergroup relations done by the dominating narratives. We conducted a secondary thematic analysis of 38 interviews with civilians and soldiers in the Post-Yugoslav wars (1991–1995). The themes we report here offer deeply personal and humanizing accounts of the war experience, which have largely remained outside traditional historiography.
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Vyčleňování ve školní třídě: pohled učitelů

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Janošová P., Chrz V., Kollerová L., Blažková M.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2020
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vol. 64
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issue 5
506-520
EN
Problem. The goal of the study was to investigate how teachers view exclusion in their classrooms and how they differentiate exclusion incidents in terms of teacher intervention. Methods and sample. Qualitative research approach, semi-structured interviews conducted with teachers (19), thematic analysis. Results. Based on the interview data, 4 categories were identified: 1) Exclusion as a construct related to bullying; 2) Problematic exclusion deserving teacher intervention; 3) Legitimate exclusion; 4) Exclusion as an inherent group phenomenon. Teachers considered exclusion a pre-stage or a beginning of bullying. They differentiated less serious forms of exclusion from problematic forms that deserve teacher intervention. They conceptualized the problematic forms using criteria for bullying: asymmetry of power, repetitiveness or long-term duration, and intentionality. Moreover, they considered levels of negative emotions of the excluded student. Teachers identified legitimate exclusion as situations, in which they viewed the exclusion as a result of a voluntary decision of the excluded student. Next, they viewed as legitimate exclusion situations that presented an adequate feedback to inappropriate behavior of the excluded student. A final form of exclusion that teachers considered legitimate presents a temporary exclusion for a purpose of meeting a group achievement goal. According to some teachers, exclusion presents an inherent part of classroom life that may get more serious due to a risk of gradual development of group prejudice and dehumanization regarding the excluded student. When teachers perceive this process, specifically, when students start to treat the excluded student without respect, teachers view it as an indicator of a need for teacher intervention. The found lack of clarity in distinguishing exclusion and bullying underscored the need for differentiation of active and passive forms of exclusion and corresponding intervention approaches. Limitations. Low number of participants of the study. The sample included mostly teachers who are interested in peer relations in the classrooms.
CS
Problém. Cílem studie bylo zjistit, jakým způsobem učitelé vnímají vyčleňování ve svých třídách a jak toto vyčleňování diferencují z hlediska pedagogické intervence. Metoda a soubor. Kvalitativní výzkumná strategie, polostrukturované rozhovory vedené s učiteli (19), tematická analýza. Výsledky. Na základě získaných dat z rozhovorů byly zachyceny 4 kategorie: 1) Vyčleňování jakožto konstrukt blízký šikaně; 2) Problematické vyčleňování vyžadující zásah učitele; 3) Legitimní vyčleňování 4) Vyčleňování jako inherentní skupinový fenomén. Učitelé pokládají vyčlenění za předstupeň nebo za počátek šikany. Odlišují nezávažné projevy exkluze od problematických forem, které podle nich vyžadují pedagogický zásah. Závažné vyčleňování vymezují pomocí kritérií šikany, jimiž jsou: nerovnováha sil, opakovanost projevů vyčleňování či trvání stavu exkluze a záměrností. Zvažují také míru negativních emocí vyčleňovaného žáka. Za legitimní vyčleňování pokládají situace, kdy považují exkluzi za výsledek dobrovolného rozhodnutí vyčleňovaného žáka. Dále je pro ně nezávažné takové vyčleňování, které představuje adekvátní situační zpětnou vazbu spolužáků vůči nevhodnému jednání žáka. Poslední nezávažnou variantou je podle nich dočasné legitimní vyčlenění za účelem naplnění skupinového výkonového cíle. Vyčleňování je podle některých učitelů přirozeným doprovodným jevem života školních tříd, k němuž se může postupně připojit předpojatost skupiny a dehumanizace. Impulzem pro zásah do skupinové dynamiky třídy je pro učitele ztráta respektu k vyčleňovanému spolužákovi. Zjištěné nejasnosti učitelů v rozlišování mezi šikanou a vyčleňováním naznačují, že je zapotřebí diferencovat aktivní a pasivní formy vyčleňování a specifikovat pro ně intervenční postupy. Limity. Nízký počet účastníků výzkumu. Soubor sestával především z pedagogů se zájmem o vztahy ve třídách.
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Pojęcie technologii w dyskursach polskiej Lewicy, Centrum i Prawicy. Analiza posiedzeń Komisji Cyfryzacji, Innowacyjności i Nowych Technologii w świetle krytycznej analizy dyskursu E. Laclaua i Ch. Mouffe

63%
Sajduk B., Samek W.
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
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2023
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vol. 78
79-100
PL
Technologia niezaprzeczalnie odgrywa coraz istotniejszą rolę w życiu politycznym. Pomimo tego rzadko kiedy staje się tematem zainteresowania polskich badaczy. Niniejsza praca ma na celu ukazanie relacji pomiędzy technologią a tożsamością i postulatami polskiej parlamentarnej Lewicy, Prawicy i Centrum. Operacjonalizując założenia krytycznej analizy dyskursu E. Laclaua i Ch. Mouffe, autorzy potwierdzają istotność odmiennego sposobu definiowania pojęcia “technologii” oraz pojęć z nim związanych. Jednocześnie wykazują, w jaki sposób przekłada się on na preferowany przez dane środowisko polityczne model działalności państwa w obszarze regulacji technologii. Wykorzystana do tego celu została analiza stenogramów z posiedzeń Komisji Cyfryzacji, Innowacyjności i Nowych Technologii Sejmu IX kadencji. Niniejszy tekst to wstęp do bardziej pogłębionych badań na temat relacji pomiędzy technologią i polityką. Połączenie krytycznej analizy dyskursu z tematyczną analizą treści stanowi także narzędzie badawcze, które z powodzeniem może zostać wykorzystane w tym celu.
EN
This study emphasizes the often overlooked role of technology in Polish politics and aims to analyse its interaction with the ideological stances of the parliamentary Left, Right, and Center. Drawing on the critical discourse analysis framework of E. Laclau and Ch. Mouffe, the authors argue for a reevaluation of the concept of ‘technology’ and its implications. They demonstrate how this redefinition significantly impacts the preferred model of state intervention in technology regulation within specific political contexts. To achieve this, the researchers thoroughly examined transcripts from the deliberations of the Committee on Digitization, Innovations, and New Technologies during the 9th term of the Sejm. This text serves as an introductory overview, laying the groundwork for a more extensive exploration of the intricate relationship between technology and politics. The combination of critical discourse analysis and thematic content analysis proves to be a valuable research approach for this endeavour.
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How Slovak mothers view child vaccination : Focus group analysis

63%
Hatoková M., Masaryk R., Túnyiová M.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2018
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vol. 62
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issue 2
101-118
EN
Objectives. The number of vaccination refusals is growing. A total of 1,291 vaccination refusals were recorded in Slovakia in August 2012. By August 2013, the number of refusals had risen to 2,595. The aim of this study is to investigate the issues and heuristics that play a role in parental decision-making on children’s vaccinations. Method. The authors conducted four focus groups among mothers of children under the age of 5 (N=34). The data were transcribed and analysed using qualitative analysis software and thematic analysis. Results. First-time mothers often reported being under pressure to make vaccination decisions within the stressful context of new-born check-ups. Under such conditions decision making is often subject to biases and driven by fear. In this paper, the heuristics that may play a role in the decision-making process are described. Discussion. Parents attempt to balance the potential risks of having their child vaccinated or not. Trust is another theme that tends to surface repeatedly in a system incapable of adequately dealing with questions related to vaccination safety. Conclusions. Vaccination is perceived to be a controversial medical intervention. Parents require assistance when deciding whether to vaccinate their child, especially in the form of clear, concise, balanced and empathetic discussion with paediatricians. Appropriate decision-making aids would also help the process.
SK
Problém. Počet odmietnutí očkovania na Slovensku rastie. Do augusta 2012 bolo zaznamenaných 1291 prípadov odmietnutia očkovania. Do augusta 2013 tento počet narástol na 2595 prípadov. Cieľom tejto štúdie je zmapovať témy a heuristiky, ktoré vstupujú do rozhodovacieho procesu rodičov o očkovaní ich detí. Metóda. Autori zrealizovali štyri fókusové skupiny s matkami malých detí do 5 rokov (N = 34). Dáta prepísali a analyzovali softvérom pre kvalitatívnu analýzu metódou tematickej analýzy. Výsledky. Matky prvého dieťaťa často uvádzali tlak urobiť rozhodnutie ohľadom vakcinácie v stresujúcom kontexte novorodeneckých prehliadok. V takýchto podmienkach matky siahajú po heuristikách v rozhodovaní a rozhodnutie robia pod vplyvom strachu. Autori popísali niekoľko heuristík, ktoré môžu zohrávať rolu v procese rozhodovania. Diskusia. Rodičia sa snažia vybalansovať potenciálne riziká očkovania ako aj neočkovania. Opakovane sa vynára téma dôvery v systém, ktorý často nie je schopný vhodným spôsobom odpovedať na otázky týkajúce sa bezpečnosti očkovania. Záver. Očkovanie vnímajú mnohé participantky ako kontroverznú medicínsku intervenciu. Rodičia potrebujú pomoc pri rozhodovaní o očkovaní svojich detí, najmä formou jasnej, stručnej, vyváženej a tiež empatickej diskusie s pediatrom. Pomôcť rozhodovaciemu procesu by mohli vhodné rozhodovacie pomôcky.
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Narrative sensitivity in medical students: a mixed-method exploration

63%
Skorunka D., Keřkovská T., Řiháček T.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2022
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vol. 66
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issue 5
449-462
EN
Objective.The paper introduced the concept of narrative sensitivity. The study aimed to identify the facets of narrative sensitivity (NS) in medi-cal students and assess the changes in NS during undergraduate medical education.Methods. A mixed method study was designed to explore NS. Data was collected from a group of students in their second year (N=50) and then in their fifth year (N=42) of their undergraduate education. The data was analysed using thematic analysis in accordance with consensual qualita-tive research. A coding system was developed to identify and refine the facets of NS. The theme frequencies were counted for each year sepa-rately and Fisher’s exact test was conducted to assess the statistical significance of NS change between both years.Results. Nine themes related to NS were identi-fied in the data. The frequency of themes indi-cated a trend towards a decline in NS between the second and fifth years of undergraduate edu-cation. However, the exploratory nature of this study and the small sample size did not allow any definitive conclusions regarding changes over time.Conclusions. The findings raised doubts about the outcome of undergraduate education based on a narrow biomedical perspective. The study supported the arguments for giving emphasis on training of communication skills including nar-rative sensitivity during medical education.
CS
Cíl.Narativní koncept obohatil kromě psycholo-gie a psychoterapie také medicínu. V zahraničí došlo ke vzniku vzdělávacích programů v nara-tivní medicíně zaměřených na rozvoj narativních dovedností u studentů medicíny a začínajících lékařů. V této souvislosti text představuje pojem narativní citlivosti. Cílem explorativní studie bylo identifikování fazet narativní citlivosti u studentů medicíny a posouzení změn v narativní citlivosti u těchto studentů v průběhu pregraduálního studia. Soubor a metody.V rámci smíšené explorativ-ní studie byla od dospělých účastníků výzkumu získána data v podobě písemných výpově-dí v reakci na podnětovou fotografii nejprve ve druhém ročníku pregraduálního studia medi-cíny (N = 50) a posléze v pátém ročníku (N = 42). Data byla analyzovaná metodou tematické analýzy s prvky konsensuálního kvalitativního výzkumu. Byl vytvořen kódovací systém s cí-lem identifikování fazet narativní citlivosti. Čet-nost témat byla kvantifikována v každém roční-ku zvlášť a k posouzení statistické významnosti změny v narativní citlivosti u studentů během tří let studia byl použit Fisherův test. Výsledky.Během textové analýzy bylo identi-fikováno devět témat relevantních ke koncep-tu narativní citlivosti. Četnost témat naznačila pokles narativní citlivosti u studentů medicíny mezi druhým a pátým ročníkem pregraduální-ho studia. Nicméně explorativní design studie a malý soubor neumožnily učinit definitivní závěr týkající se posouzení změny narativní citlivosti v čase.Závěr. Navzdory limitům studie výsledky vyvo-lávají pochybnosti o výsledcích pregraduálního studia medicíny založeném na biomedicínském modelu. Studie podporuje argumenty pro vět-ší důraz na rozvoj komunikačních dovedností včetně narativní citlivosti u budoucích lékařů během studia medicíny.
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Pojetí kontaktního rodičovství v České republice : tematická analýza

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Hanáčková V., Masopustová Z.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2020
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vol. 64
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issue 1
102-117
EN
Attachment parenting is one of the most popular parenting trends in the Czech Republic. The aim of the study is to describe attachment parenting in the Czech Republic and to identify key aspects of this parenting approach in women who practice attachment parenting. A semistructured interviews were conducted with 42 mothers of toddlers who identified themselves as those who practice attachment parenting. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse data and to generate themes that comprise the conception of attachment parenting practice in the Czech Republic. The three major themes were identified as: 1) contact with child as a response to child´s needs, 2) respect for the child, and 3) a conflict between the ideas of attachment parenting and reality. The identified conception of attachment parenting practice in the Czech Republic is discussed in the context of attachment parenting literature and relevant research findings.
CS
Kontaktní rodičovství patří mezi nejpopulárnější rodičovské styly v České republice. Cílem této studie je popsat kontaktní rodičovství v České republice a identifikovat klíčové aspekty tohoto přístupu u žen praktikujících kontaktní rodičovství. Bylo provedeno celkem 42 rozhovorů s ženami, které samy sebe označily jako praktikující kontaktní rodičovství. Data byla analyzována tematickou analýzou, ze které vzešla témata popisující pojetí kontaktního rodičovství v ČR. Byla identifikována tři základní témata: 1) kontakt jako reakce na potřeby dítěte, 2) respekt vůči dítěti a 3) rozpor mezi představami o kontaktním rodičovství a skutečností. Pojetí kontaktního rodičovství v ČR bylo následně diskutováno v kontextu literatury vztahující se ke kontaktnímu rodičovství a relevantních výzkumných zjištění.
16
Content available remote

K variantnosti Hlučné samoty

51%
Češka J.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 5
696-730
EN
This study focuses on the prose work of Jiří Gruša Mimner aneb Hra o smrďocha (Atmar tin Kalpadotia) (Mimner or Play about a Stinker). It is based on an interpretation of an imaginary ''Calpadotia'' as a ''state of mind'', and attention is focused in particular on ''Calpadotian'', the fictitious language of the totalitarian society, and especially the steps whereby the gradual adoption of the rules of this language play a role in the disintegration of the protagonist's personality. The key to understanding the role of the fictitious language in the novella is found in the unusual way in which Calpadotian structures reality, both with its more subtle differentiation of individual concepts and in particular with its polysemy. This indicates how the usage of the same term for phenomena that Western readers do not consider to be associated helps to characterize Calpadotian society, which gradually assimilates the chief protagonist, as alien and incomprehensible to the point of absurdity. At the same time it works with the idea that such emphasis on the role of language opens up more general questions on its extraordinary nature. The study also compares polysemy in Calpadotian with polysemy in totalitarian Newspeaks and in natural languages, taking into account their literary usage. In polysemy and the association of the apparently inassociable the study seeks the source of the unease which the prose evokes, as well as the source of the paradox and the alienation which makes it a manifestation of artistic resistance to a dystopian society.
CS
Tématem příspěvku je specifičnost variantnosti Hlučné samoty, především její druhé verze, nad níž vládnou v odborné literatuře rozpaky (bývá označována jako méně hrabalovská). Detailnější analýzou dílčích pasáží se snažím ukázat, v čem spočívá specifičnost každé z variant, jak se tyto varianty (zejména druhé od okolních) odlišují. Jako souhrnné označení specifičnosti druhé varianty volím legitimizační způsob vyprávění, který Hrabal pravděpodobně karikuje. K tomuto zjištění poukazuje důraz na sémantickou konkretizaci (pro Hrabala netypický), který je podvracen nejistotou vypravěče, dále jeho snaha po detailnější vykreslení nejenom reálné scény, ale také Haňťova nitra, důraz na podrobnější vylíčení nástupu normalizace. Haňťa druhé varianty je sentimentální, postrádá smysl pro humor a sebeironii. Bídu světa připisuje na účet nehumánních nebes. Tuto charakteristiku ilustruji na dvojím vztahu Haňti ke skatologické historce (karnevalové veselí první a třetí varianty stojí oproti metafyzice hovna varianty druhé), na odlišném pochopení strýčkovy smrti (zde vyčnívá existenciální poloha druhé varianty), v neposlední řadě na Haňťově představě obřího lisu, kterým by slisoval Německo.
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Poslední román Milana Kundery jako reflexe, reinterpretace a pointa svébytné autorské poetiky : studie o slavnosti bezvýznamnosti

51%
Češka J.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2019
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vol. 67
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issue 2
170-187
EN
This study focuses on the last novel by Milan Kundera La fête de l’insignifiance (The Festival of Insignificance), which came out in Italian quite unexpectedly in 2013, two years after the „definitive“ completion of the author’s work in the prestige La Pléiade series. In this novel Milan Kundera moves resolutely beyond the horizon of his previous poetics, carrying on from his usual motifs, but not in order to repeat them, but quite the reverse, in order to redefine and re-encode them. This novel forms a kind of counterpoint to his previous work. This study focuses on the way the author reconceives his creative output in his last work: whether on the topic of mothers and their previous despotic relations with their sons, a reassessment of eroticism, the newly conceived role of laughter and an era defined as the age following the twilight of the joke, radicalized internal focalization, which no longer plays the role of a kind of semantic anchor and the like. As The Festival of Insignificance holds up a unique mirror to his previous work, we can follow him in the light of motifs from previous novels and prose works such as I, Mournful God, The Farewell Waltz, Jacques and his Master, The Book of Laughter and Forgetting and Life is Elsewhere. Of course, what is also essential here is the newly defined literature as a space in which authors attempt to resist the watchful surveillance of nature (materialized and metaphysically anchored in the novel as the blind eye of the belly button). Kundera’s last novel is thus also treated as a discomforting interpretational challenge that can be answered with an integrative interpretational gesture that attempts to achieve refraction into various lines of meaning, where Milan Kundera’s last novel is dealt with as the vanishing point of his entire work.
18
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Content available

Experiencing Hybrid Childhood in the Age of “Intensive Parenting” – Research Results

51%
Dziekońska J.
Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny
|
2023
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vol. 42
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issue 4
97-111
PL
Wprowadzenie: Postępujący udział mediów w życiu dzieci determinuje treść dziecięcych doświadczeń i przyczynia się do tworzenia nowych obrazów dzieciństwa. Dziś realizuje się ono w nieograniczonej przestrzeni cyfrowej przy jednoczesnym ograniczeniu swobody w przestrzeni fizycznej. Rezonans zmian jest widoczny w wielu obszarach życia dzieci i oddziałuje na sposób ich funkcjonowania. Cel badań: Celem badań było ukazanie przejawów przeżywania przez dzieci ich dzieciństwa w płynnym świecie fizyczno-cyfrowym. Kategoria „przeżywania” odnosiła się zarówno do sposobów funkcjonowania dzieci w przenikających się przestrzeniach offline i online oraz związanych z tym emocji.  Metoda badań: Metodą gromadzenia materiału badawczego uczyniono zogniskowane wywiady grupowe, w których wzięło udział dziewiętnaścioro dzieci w wieku 8-10 lat. Metodą analizy danych była analiza tematyczna. Wyniki: W drodze analizy wyłoniono mapę tematów i kodów znaczeniowych. Tematem prymarnym okazało się „hybrydowe dzieciństwo”, do którego włączone zostały podtematy związane z przeżywaniem przez dzieci współczesnego dzieciństwa. Obok pojawił się temat sekundarny „intensywne rodzicielstwo”, który odnosił się do dziecięcych emocji budzonych niezgodą dzieci na narzucanie im przez dorosłych wizji własnego dzieciństwa. Wnioski: Dzieci naturalnie wkraczają w zastaną rzeczywistość i swobodnie przemieszczają się między podwórkami tradycyjnymi i sieciowymi, choć zdecydowanie dostrzegają różnice między nimi. Przeżywanie hybrydowego dzieciństwa w dobie intensywnego rodzicielstwa wiąże się jednak z niezgodą dzieci na narzucanie im przez rodziców nieuzasadnionych limitów i ograniczeń związanych z byciem w sieci, do których oni sami się nie stosują. Dzieci wyrażają tym samym potrzebę autonomii i partycypacji w decydowaniu o sobie. Kontestują argumenty oparte na potocznym przekonaniu, że z racji wieku dorosłym przysługuje więcej praw niż dzieciom.
EN
Introduction: The progressive participation of media in children's lives determines the content of their experiences and contributes to the creation of new vision of childhood. Nowadays, it is implemented in unlimited digital space, however, with limited freedom in physical space. The resonance of changes is visible in many areas of children's lives and affects the way of their functioning.  Research Aim: The aim of the research was to show the aspects of experiencing childhood in a physical-digital world. The category of "experiencing" referred to the ways in which children function in interpenetrating offline and online spaces and to the emotions associated with it. Method: The method of collecting research material was focused group interviews, conducted among nineteen children aged 8-10. The method of data analysis was thematic analysis. Results: On the basis of the analysis, a map of themes and semantic codes was selected. The primary theme was "hybrid childhood", which included subtopics related to children's experience of modern childhood. The secondary topic was "intensive parenting", which referred to children's emotions aroused by their  disagreement with adults imposing on them visions of their own childhood. Conclusions: Children naturally enter the existing reality and move freely between traditional and network playgrounds, although they definitely notice the differences between them. Experiencing a hybrid childhood in the times of intensive parenthood is assosiated with the fact that children do not agree with the unjustified limits and restrictions related to being in the network imposed on them by parents, as adults do not adhere them themselves. Children express the need for autonomy and participation in making decisions about themselves. They contest arguments based on the common belief that adults have more rights than children.
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Druki elbląskie w zbiorach Książnicy Kopernikańskiej w Toruniu. Analiza tematyczna. Proweniencja (część II)

45%
Urbaniak I.
Folia Toruniensia
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2014
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vol. 14
7-27
PL
Artykuł zawiera analizę tematyczną XVI – XVIII-wiecznych druków elbląskich, które są obecnie w zbiorach Książnicy Kopernikańskiej. Została w nim także omówiona proweniencja tych druków oraz źródła ich pochodzenia. Tematyka omawianych starodruków jest dosyć bogata. Znajdują się wśród nich zarówno dzieła naukowe, jak i literatura piękna, religijna oraz prace prawno – polityczne. Wśród autorów tych prac znaleźć można wielu nauczycieli ówczesnego Gimnazjum Elbląskiego. W artykule przybliżono postacie większości autorów omawianych druków. Proweniencja starodruków elbląskich została ustalona na podstawie autopsji autora artykułu. Analizowane druki pochodzą zarówno z bibliotek instytucjonalnych, jak i ze zbiorów prywatnych. Prawie każdy z nich zawiera ekslibris właściciela, bądź innego rodzaju znak własnościowy czy nawet odręczny wpis. Omawiany zbiór to 77 druków, które wydano w oficynach elbląskich.
EN
The article includes a thematic analysis of the 16th-18th century prints of Elbląg which are now part of the collection of the Copernicus Library. It also discusses the origin of the prints and the sources of their origin. The subject matter of the old prints is quite complex and includes scientific works, belles-lettres, religious literature and legal-political texts. Among the authors of the texts there are many teachers from the Elbląg Gymnasium School. The article presents most of the authors of the discussed prints. The origin of the old prints of Elbląg was established on the basis of the experience of the author of the article. The prints analysed here come from both institutional libraries and private sources. Almost each of them includes a bookplate of the owner, or any other ownership mark such as a handwritten entry. The collection comprises 77 prints published in Elblag’s publishing houses.
DE
Der Artikel enthält eine thematische Analyse der aus dem 16. und 17. Jahrhundert stammenden Elbinger Drucke, die in den Beständen der Kopernikus-Bücherei vorhanden sind. Auch die Provenienz dieser Drucke sowie die Quelle ihrer Herkunft werden darin besprochen. Die Thematik der besprochenen alten Drucke ist ziemlich reichhaltig. Darunter befinden sich sowohl wissenschaftliche Werke wie auch schöngeistige und religiöse Literatur sowie juristisch-politische Arbeiten. Unter den Autoren dieser Arbeiten finden sich viele Lehrer des damaligen Elbinger Gymnasiums. Die meisten Autoren der besprochenen Drucke werden in dem Artikel näher vorgestellt. Die Provenienz der Elbinger alten Drucke wurde auf der Grundlage der Erfahrung des Autors des Artikels ermittelt. Die analysierten Drucke stammen sowohl aus Institutsbibliotheken als auch aus privaten Sammlungen. Fast jeder von ihnen enthält ein Exlibris des Eigentümers, ein anderes Bücherzeichen oder sogar einen handschriftlichen Eintrag. Die besprochene Sammlung umfasst 77 Drucke, die in Elbinger Verlagshäusern herausgegeben wurden.
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Content available

Dwindling Enrolment: Is Social Media the Answer to Student Recruitment

45%
Cant M., Beesoon J.
Forum Oświatowe
|
2023
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vol. 36
|
issue 1(69)
49-71
PL
W ostatnich latach na całym świecie nasiliła się konkurencja między uniwersytetami w zakresie rekrutacji studentów. Wraz z coraz większą liczbą instytucji edukacyjnych wchodzących na rynek globalny, rywalizacja rekrutacyjna między tymi instytucjami nabrała nowego wymiaru. Zmusiło to uczelnie do wykorzystania wszelkich dostępnych środków, aby dotrzeć do potencjalnych studentów – w tym technologii i, co za tym idzie, mediów społecznościowych. Zarówno studenci, jak i uniwersytety mają swoje cele i oczekiwania, jeśli chodzi o korzystanie z mediów społecznościowych, dlatego istotne jest ustalenie zasad dotyczących korzystania z mediów społecznościowych podczas rekrutacji studentów. Głównym celem badania jest zatem zaproponowanie zestawu wytycznych, aby uniwersytety mogły skutecznie korzystać z mediów społecznościowych podczas rekrutacji studentów. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone na Mauritiusie, gdzie istnieje duża koncentracja instytucji szkolnictwa wyższego, tak, aby wyniki mogły zostać zaadaptowane przez inne uniwersytety ze względu na globalne wykorzystanie mediów społecznościowych. Jako badanie eksploracyjne, skupiono się na publicznych uniwersytetach na Mauritiusie. Spośród 49 497 studentów, którzy zarejestrowali się we wszystkich instytucjach szkolnictwa wyższego na Mauritiusie, 25 390 było zapisanych na cztery uniwersytety publiczne (Participation in Tertiary Education 2021, 2022:1). Wyraźnie wskazuje to na potrzebę odpowiedniego wykorzystania mediów społecznościowych przez uczelnie publiczne w celu dotarcia do potencjalnych studentów i pozyskania ich części z rynku. W badaniu zastosowano podejście jakościowe, które ma charakter eksploracyjny, z ośmioma administratorami uniwersytetów publicznych, z którymi przeprowadzono wywiady za pomocą częściowo ustrukturyzowanych wywiadów pogłębionych. Ponadto, 32 studentów pierwszego roku z uczelni publicznych wzięło udział w zogniskowanych dyskusjach grupowych. Zebrane dane zostały następnie poddane analizie tematycznej z wykorzystaniem procedury Brauna i Clarke’a. Wyniki badania wykazały, że na wszystkich publicznych uniwersytetach na Mauritiusie administratorzy stoją przed wyzwaniami związanymi z efektywnym wykorzystaniem mediów społecznościowych do rekrutacji studentów, głównie ze względu na fakt, że nie są pewni, z których platform i funkcji mediów społecznościowych korzystać; brakuje im umiejętności i zasobów do prowadzenia kampanii w mediach społecznościowych i nie są przeszkoleni w zakresie tworzenia ich treści. Z drugiej strony, potencjalni studenci wskazywali, że preferowaną przez nich platformą mediów społecznościowych jest Facebook. Stwierdzono również, że rodzaje informacji i treści, które studenci chcieliby uzyskać w mediach społecznościowych, obejmują między innymi porady dotyczące kariery, programu nauczania, oferowane kursy, warunki przyjęcia, opłaty, udogodnienia płatnicze oraz procedury. Na podstawie wyników badań zaproponowano zestaw wytycznych.
EN
Around the world, the competition among universities to recruit students has intensified in recent years. With more and more educational institutions entering the market globally, the recruitment rivalry across these institutions has taken new dimensions. This has compelled universities to utilise all means at their disposal to reach prospective students– and that includes technology and, by implication, social media. Both students and universities have objectives and expectations when it comes to social media usage, and it is, therefore, important to establish a set of guidelines regarding the use of social media during student recruitment. The main aim of the study is, therefore, to propose a set of guidelines so that universities can effectively use social media during student recruitment. The study was conducted in Mauritius, where there is a high concentration of higher education institutions so that the findings could be adapted by other universities due to the global usage of social media. As an exploratory study, the research focused on the public universities in Mauritius. Out of 49,497 students who registered in all higher education institutions in Mauritius, 25,390 were enrolled in the four public universities in Mauritius (Participation in Tertiary Education 2021, 2022:1). This clearly shows the need for the public universities to utilise social media appropriately to reach prospective students and obtain their share of students from the market. A qualitative approach was followed in this study, which is exploratory in nature, with eight university administrators from public universities, who were interviewed by means of semi-structured in-depth interviews. In addition, a total of 32 first-year students from public universities participated in focus group discussions. The data collected were then subjected to thematic analysis using the Braun and Clarke procedure. The findings revealed that in all the public universities in Mauritius, the administrators face challenges to effectively use social media for student recruitment due mainly to the fact that they are unsure of which social media platforms and features to use; they lack the skills and resources to run a social media campaign and are not trained to create social media content. Prospective students, on the other hand, showed a preference for their social media platform to be Facebook. It was also found that the types of information and content which students would prefer to obtain on social media include career advice, course curriculum, courses on offer, eligibility, fees, payment facilities, and procedures, amongst others. Based on all the findings, a set of guidelines was proposed.
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