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Wykorzystanie reguł aukcyjnych do handlu energią w Polsce

100%
Drabik E.
Przegląd Statystyczny
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2010
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vol. 57
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issue 4
70-87
EN
The Polish energy market gained its competitive character in late 1990s. At that time in majority of European countries a new law was enacted (in Poland – in 1987), which enabled the creation of internal energy markets. The Polish Power Exchange has been functioning since the end of 1999. However, from the very onset it has constituted a vital component of under grounding liberalization of electricity market. Since it was created the Polish Power Exchange has served as a market mechanism for setting objective energy market price. Support and control of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority guarantee the security of concluded transactions. The spot energy market was created as the first one and has functioned according to the rule of the double auction. Double auction are a form of money and goods exchange, during which the bids are made by purchases as well as by sellers. Besides the price, each bid discloses the amount of ware which is to be purchased by contracting parties. The rules of the double auctions, as well as of other auction types, are comparable to the rules of a game. The double auction is one of the most common exchange institution, used extensively in stock markets, commodity markets an in markets for financial instruments, including options and futures. Searches and simulation experiments pertaining to the functioning of the double auctions have been conducted on a wide scale. They were initiated in 60s in twenties centuries by the Vernon L. Smith. Many authors such as: Wilson (1987), Friedman (1991), Gode and Sunder (1993), Gjerstad and Dickhaut (1998), Sadrieh (1998), Xia, Stallaert, Whinston (2004) attempted to construe models of behavior of double auction participants. Although these models have furthered understanding of the interaction of individual behavior and institution in the double auction. The model of Sadrieh will be used for description of the auction rules applied to the spot energy trade on the Polish Power Exchange. Furthermore, an algorithm on the basis of which it is possible to forecast transaction prices is presented. The effectiveness of this algorithm will be compared with other traditional methods of forecasting transaction prices.
PL
Rynek energii w Polsce nabrał charakteru konkurencyjnego w końcu lat 90. XX wieku. Wówczas to w większości krajów europejskich uchwalono nowe prawo (w Polsce w 1997 r.), które umożliwiło tworzenie wewnętrznych rynków energii elektrycznej. Pod koniec 1999 r. powstała w Polsce Towarowa Giełda Energii Elektrycznej (TGE), która niemalże od początku swego istnienia spełniała m.in. rolę mechanizmu rynkowego służącego do wyznaczania obiektywnej ceny energii. Jako pierwszy na TGE uruchomiony został rynek „spot” (kasowy) energii elektrycznej, na którym ceny ustalane są na zasadzie reguł aukcji dwustronnej. Aukcja dwustronna jest taką formą wymiany towarów i pieniędzy, podczas której oferty składane są zarówno przez kupujących, jak i sprzedających. W każdej ofercie oprócz ceny podawana jest ilość towaru, którą kontrahenci zamierzają nabyć lub sprzedać. Badania oraz eksperymenty symulacyjne dotyczące funkcjonowania aukcji dwustronnych prowadzone są na szeroka skalę. Zapoczątkował je w latach 60. XX wieku, późniejszy laureat Nagrody Nobla, Vernon L. Smith. Próby modelowania mechanizmów aukcji dwustronnej oraz zachowań jej uczestników podejmowało wielu autorów, takich jak: Wilson (1987), Friedman (1991), Easley i Ledyard (1993), Gjestad i Dichaut (1998), Sadierih (1998) oraz Xia, Stallaert, Whinston (2004). Celem pracy jest dopasowanie jednego z istniejących modeli aukcji dwustronnej do opisu funkcjonowania TGE. Do tego celu zostanie wykorzystany model Sadieriha, który dobrze oddaje reguły aukcyjne. Zostanie również zaprezentowany algorytm wyznaczania ceny transakcji dla aukcji dwustronnych (Drabik 1999), przy czym wyniki działania tego algorytmu zostaną porównane z rzeczywistymi cenami transakcji, które zostały odnotowane na TGE.
2

An Experimental Analysis of Price Formation on the Polish Power Exchange

100%
Drabik E.
Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia
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2015
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vol. 15
|
issue 2
115-127
EN
The Polish energy market gained its competitive character in late 1990s. At that time in majority of European countries a new law was enacted (in Poland – in 1987), which enabled the creation of internal energy markets. The Polish Power Exchange has been functioning since the end of 1999. However, from the very onset it has constituted a vital component of under grounding liberalization of electricity market. Since it was created the Polish Power Exchange has served as a market mechanism for setting objective energy market price. Support and control of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority guarantee the security of concluded transactions. The spot energy market was created as the first one and has functioned according to the rule of the double auction. The model of Sadrieh will be used for the description of the auction rules applied to the spot energy trade on the Polish Power Exchange. Furthermore, an algorithm on the basis of which it is possible to forecast transaction prices is presented. The effectiveness of this algorithm will be compared with other traditional methods of forecasting transaction prices.
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