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Choroby roślin tytoniowych w Polsce w latach 50. XX wieku

100%
Synowiec A.
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
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2014
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vol. 19
304-319
EN
The issue of tobacco planting and cultivation is part of the tobacco industry. The article presents the diseases of the tobacco plant in 50s of the twentieth century. One of the greatest problems related to the execution of cultivation requirements is the issue of plant protection against various diseases. The battle against the diseases of the tobacco plant was carried out in two fundamental ways. The first one included countless research initiatives, due to which it was possible to introduce new, resistant varieties of tobacco, whereas the second one focused on agrotechnical methods of combating diseases, and was based mainly on preventive measures.
2
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Skutki ekonomiczno-społeczne wprowadzonych stawek akcyzowych na wyroby przemysłu tytoniowego w Polsce w latach 2000–2010

100%
Jagiełło A.
Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna
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2011
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issue 4(35)
49-66
EN
The subject matter challenged by the author of this paper relates to an old question of how ever growing excise taxes could secure the desired budgetary needs on the one hand and how it influences the condition of the tobacco producers and the consumption pattern at the same time on the other. In particular the author wanted to examine Poland’s government policy in this respect at the 2000 - 2010 period because at that time Poland’s government has increased the level of the excise taxes several times trying to meets its budgetary needs and trying to meet the UE regulations and requirements related to the desired taxes level just as well. The policy measures undertaken by the government had its negative impact on tobacco producers and the cigarette consumption pattern as well. The author has used his own methodology of data and opinion collection way via an interview system to enrich the official pool of statistical data and government opinion on the subject matter. The final opinion of the author based on the analyses of both the official data as well as on his own investigation has lead the author to the conclusion that Poland’s government excise taxes policy in that period although relatively successful with the respect to revenue collection nonetheless has had many negative effects with respect to tobacco industry, and the new consumption pattern. It has stimulated growth of grey economy, it has encouraged an increased smuggling cross borders and has encouraged middle and low income consumers to restructure their consumption patter in favor of low quality, health hazardous pattern.
3
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Employee privileges in the Polish tobacco industry in a period of Polish People’s Republic

88%
Synowiec A.
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
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2016
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vol. 33
85-106
EN
Described privileges of determined employee groups in the Polish tobacco industry in a period of Polish People’s Republic on example of Kraków plants arose largely from the statute law, although not without meaning carried out its interpretation, by workers self-management and Company’s Dispute Adjudication Boards (CDAB). It was possible to notice the sign of appropriating privileges by determined employees groups not-arising from the existing law, but being a sign of aspirations to ensure a higher position for oneself in the unit through certain acquaintances and in consequence achieving common benefits, etc. informally. The article constitutes only a starting point for further in-depth studies covering employee issues in all tobacco industry in Poland.
4
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Aparatura w ochronie roślin w polskim przemyśle tytoniowym w połowie XX wieku

88%
Synowiec A.
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
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2018
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vol. 23
244-263
EN
The article concerns issues relating to tobacco plant protection, which is an important element of the work of every tobacco grower and often decides on the amount and quality of the crops. In the middle of the 20th century The Tobacco Industry and the Tobacco Growers’ Association supplied plan protection equipment for tobacco growers. Different designs of spraying equipment have been developed for different types of applications and field and crop conditions. In the Polish tobacco industry one of the most popular was the high volume sprayer OP-20. In the first half of the 60s the percentage of sprayer OP-20 was a more than 50% of all sprayers. Gradually, in place of sprayer OP-20 were introduced sprayers type “Puzon” and “Działkowiec”. Very popular and effective were hand compression sprayers – “Sad” and “Rex”, which were placed in a wheelbarrow. In the middle of the 60s tractor mounted sprayer have been used, especially by plant protection stations.
5
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New ideas, old problems? Heated tobacco products – a systematic review

75%
Jankowski M., Brożek G. M., Lawson J., Skoczyński S., Majek P., Zejda J. E.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2019
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vol. 32
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issue 5
595-634
EN
Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are a form of nicotine delivery intended to provide an alternative to traditional cigarettes. The aim of this systematic review was to present the current state of knowledge on HTPs with an emphasis on the potential impact of HTP use on human health. During the preparation of this systematic review, the literature on HTPs available within Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar was retrieved and examined. In the final review, 97 research papers were included. The authors specifically assessed the construction and operation of HTPs, as well as the chemical composition of HTP tobacco sticks and the generated aerosol, based on evidence from experimental animal and cellular studies, and human-based studies.Heated tobacco products were found to generate lower concentrations of chemical compounds compared to traditional cigarettes, except for water, propylene glycol, glycerol, and acetol. The nicotine levels delivered to the aerosol by HTPs were 70–80% as those of conventional combustion. The results of in vitro and in vivo assessments of HTP aerosols revealed reduced toxicity, but these were mainly based on studies sponsored by the tobacco industry. Independent human-based studies indicated that there was a potentially harmful impact of the active and passive HTP smoking on human health. Currently, a large body of knowledge on HTP exposures and health effects is provided by the tobacco industry (52% of identified studies). Based on the available evidence, HTPs produce lower levels of toxic chemicals, compared to conventional cigarettes, but they are still not risk-free. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(5):595–634
6
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ZAMEK W JAGIELNICY – OD TWIERDZY OBRONNEJ DO ZAKŁADU PRZEMYSŁOWEGO

63%
Synowiec A.
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
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2019
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vol. 2
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issue XIX
277-291
PL
Artykuł przedstawia dzieje i znaczenie zamku w Jagielnicy (a właściwie we wsi Nagórzanka k. Jagielnicy), przede wszystkim w okresie, kiedy służył polskiemu przemysłowi tytoniowemu. Początki twierdzy obronnej zbudowanej na wzgórzu sięgają XVI w. W ciągu wieków zamek przechodził różne koleje losu. Po odrestaurowaniu w XVIII w. był główną rezydencją Lanckorońskich. W 1817 r. zamek przeszedł w ręce rządu austriackiego. Urządzono tam fabrykę oraz magazyn tytoniu i wyrobów tytoniowych. W czasie I wojny światowej kompleks zamkowy został zniszczony. Po wojnie został on przejęty przez Polski Monopol Tytoniowy. Po odbudowie dawnych budynków i wzniesieniu nowych stał się siedzibą Zakładu Uprawy Tytoniu PMT w Jagielnicy. Po II wojnie zakład tytoniowy działał nadal, już na terenie USRR. Na początku XXI w. został sprywatyzowany. Obecnie trwają prace nad stworzeniem z zamku centrum turystyczno-wypoczynkowego przy uwzględnieniu kwestii ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego.
EN
This paper presents the history and significance of Jagielnica Castle (more specifically, it is located in the village of Nagórzanka, near Jagielnica) mainly during the period when it served the Polish tobacco industry. The early days of the stronghold, which was built on a hill, date back to the 16th century. Throughout the centuries the fortunes of the castle changed. After restoration in the 18th century, it became the main residence of the Lanckoroński family. In 1817 the castle became a property of the Austrian government. A factory and a warehouse for tobacco and tobacco products were established there. During World War I the castle complex was destroyed. After war it was taken over by the Polish Tobacco Monopoly. After the old buildings were rebuilt and new ones were constructed, it became the seat of the Tobacco Cultivation Plant PTM in Jagielnica. After World War II the tobacco plant still operated, but it was in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. In the early 21st century it was privatized. Today there are efforts to establish a tourist and leisure centre in the castle, taking into account the protection of cultural heritage.
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